从爆火到沉寂 自驱型NFT工厂Art Gobblers为何转不动?

蜂巢TechPublished on 2022-11-21Last updated on 2022-11-21

Abstract

去中心化NFT艺术生产平台Art Gobblers在上线20天内快速走完了它的高光时刻。

去中心化NFT艺术生产平台Art Gobblers在上线20天内快速走完了它的高光时刻。

11月1日,Art Gobblers 上线当天,Gobblers 外星人形象的NFT以1698万美元的交易量超越CryptoPunk、BAYC无聊猿等NFT龙头项目,站上板块冠军。伴随着生态通证Goo的产出,Art Gobblers迅速在二级市场受到投资者追捧。

根据CryptoSlam数据平台显示,当日,Art Gobblers NFT地板价最高冲至15.5ETH,约合为2万美元,但开局即巅峰,到了11月18日,该NFT的地板价已回落至3.75 ETH左右,约合4000美元,相比顶点缩水75.8%,24小时交易量也下降到7.5万美元,排名跌至三十名开外。

原本,Art Gobblers计划用动态铸造NFT并绑定生态Token的机制,完成一场改造NFT发行、价格发现方式、社区运转模式的实验,现在看来,它暂时性地失败了。

在Art Gobblers的理想世界中,Gobblers NFT既是产出Goo的生产力,也是艺术创作者展示作品的画廊,Goo则由Gobblers NFT的动态产出和持有人的质押调节,并为创作者提供购买创作工具Blank Pages画布的经济资源。以绑定NFT与生态Token的方式设计经济模型,Art Gobblers试图打造一个去中心化的、自驱动的NFT艺术生产平台。

理想很丰满,现实有点骨感。Gobblers NFT没能逃离先涨后跌的市场规律,发起人「在项目启动后不再为项目工作」的计划反而让社区生出先天不足的担忧。想要自驱运转的Art Gobblers为何转不动?

绑定NFT与Token 以经济模型自驱?

Art Gobblers的发起方是艺术家贾斯汀·罗兰(Justin Roiland)和知名加密资本Paradigm。罗兰最为人知的身份是编剧和演员,他是知名电视动画《Rick and Morty》(《瑞克和莫蒂》)的制作人;而Paradigm则是专注于加密资产领域的投资机构,由Coinbase的联合创始人Fred Ehrsam和前红杉合伙人Matt Huang共同创立,曾是Coinbase、Maker、Uniswap、Compund、dYdX和Sky Mavis(链游Axie Infinity开发者)等知名Crypto项目的投资人。

罗兰有粉丝基础,Paradigm是知名机构,「双名人」背书让Art Gobblers自带光环,未上线就已经被加密社区广泛讨论。Art Gobblers也的确与众不同,与单一的NFT图片、视频、音频等项目不同,它自定义为实验性的「去中心化艺术工厂」,可以视作一个自驱动的NFT生产平台,希望借助Token经济模型,让NFT从制作、生产到二级市场流通及收藏过程自我运转,主打「无人工干预」的NFT产品链——让艺术家自行创作、用户自主收藏、平台自我运转。

自驱型的艺术工厂Art Gobblers由三个核心内容组成——Gobblers NFT(生产力) 、生态通证Goo(生产关系)、Blank Pages空白画布(生产工具)。

Gobblers是以外星人形象展示的动画NFT系列,发行总量为10000个,分为普通和传奇两个级别,传奇级NFT占发行总量的10%。

Gobblers外型

Gobblers形象各异,表情和四肢随场景摆动,形象的共性特点是嘴大、肚子大,这样的设定还具有功能性,即嘴巴可以吞噬艺术家在平台上创作的NFT作品,肚皮是一个画廊,被吞噬的NFT作品会呈现在画廊中。因此,Gobblers外星人也被称为「吞噬星人」。

Gobblers吞噬NFT后会展示在肚皮画廊中

Gobblers NFT也是进入Art Gobblers社区通行证,持有者经验证后可加入官方的Discard社区。

Goo是Art Gobblers平台的ERC-20标准Token,属于生态自运转的经济动力资源,已经与平台同步上线。

用户抵押Gobblers NFT后可自动生成Goo,生成速度与持有的NFT数量、级别和Goo的持有量有关——持有NFT和Goo数量越多,NFT级别越高,生成Goo的速度越快。抵押传奇级Gobbler NFT产生Goo的速度是抵押普通级的2倍。

需要注意的是,Goo发行量无限。一些玩家指出,用户获得Goo的最佳方式是持有并地抵押Gobblers NFT,而非从二级市场购买。不持有NFT而囤积Goo的价值不大,因为NFT持有者会一直生成Goo,相当于变相稀释了二级市场的价值,仅投资Goo的人很可能损失惨重;而计划多持NFT又少持Goo的玩家又很吃亏,因为生成Goo的速度非最优。这种NFT与Token需要平衡双持的机制正是Art Gobblers试图自驱的模型。

Blank Pages(空白画布)是Art Gobblers生态内的耗材类NFT,是艺术家创作新NFT作品的工具,这个工具型NFT的发行量也是无限的。

艺术家创作时需要用Goo购买Blank Page,被称为Drawn Page的作品NFT可供用户购买、收藏。

Gobbler的级别及持有人决定了要吞噬、展示哪些新的NFT作品,Gobbler的流转也决定了这些新作品的转移,因此,Gobbler NFT的价值很可能最终由创作者创作的作品决定,就像画廊收录到名作决定了画廊的知名度一样。

纵观Art Gobblers的系统设计,Gobbler外星人负责「生产」Goo,Goo供创作者拿来购买Blank Page创作新的NFT作品,然后被Gobbler吞噬后展示在肚皮画廊上,如此形成生态闭环。但想要良性运转,就需要在Gobbler NFT、Goo Token和Blank Pages的产出平衡上做出良好的设计,在生产力、生产工具充足时,还得让Goo具备消耗与激励的双重功能从而实现良性的生产关系,哪个都不能过多或过少。

为此,Art Gobblers在各种NFT的释放和Goo的归属上做了一场机制实验。

强化NFT持有者权益缺乏创作者激励

作为见识了各种经济模型的加密投资机构,Paradigm为Art Gobblers专门设计了一套NFT释放模型——VRGDA(可变利率)机制。该机制的核心原理是根据NFT的销量来调控NFT发行速度——当销量超出计划时,提高铸造价格减缓发行速度;当NFT销量回落时,降低铸造价格刺激市场流通。当NFT的产出速度可弹性调节时,理论上Goo的产出也会自动调节。

Art Gobblers试图以这样的方式改变过去「一次性发行NFT」产生的网络问题及市场问题。

传统方式下,一个NFT系列作品往往按照统一定价、同一时间开启铸造,这就造成NFT以智能合约启动发行时会吸引大批早鸟用户。一窝蜂的铸造如果发生在以太坊上,网络直接会以Gas费暴涨发出拥堵信号,甚至出现「铸造Gas费比NFT定价都高」的现象,还有人出现过支付巨额Gas费最终没有铸造出NFT的情况。

除了网络问题外,统一定价、同时铸造NFT的方式无法充分给予市场发现价格的空间。早鸟涌入智能合约不计成本地铸造某个NFT,往往营造出「市场稀缺感」,使得价格在NFT的铸造期暴涨。事实上,短期的大量供应本质上稀释了NFT价值。于是,铸造期一结束,抛压直接压垮NFT价格。这种短期内速涨、速跌的市场氛围,不仅不利于NFT的用户市场,还容易让一些并不打算长效发展的项目靠营销搞「一波流」后玩消失,造成「劣币驱逐良币」的市场环境,伤害整个NFT创业行业。

已经有NFT项目看到了问题并试图改变,但收效甚微。比如日漫风格的Azuki早期发行时采用了荷兰式拍卖的方式(设定一个最初拍卖价格,随着时间流失,价格逐渐降低),8700个Azukis NFT以1 ETH的起拍价开始铸造,但没想到,2分钟内就铸造殆尽,「时间」在市场的疯狂下根本不可控,依然造成了链上的严重拥堵。而像素人Nouns则严格控制了NFT生成的时间,以每天生成并拍卖一个新NFT的速度产出,无上限的发行总量能让产出时间高达上万年,速度是降下来了,用户的热情也被一并消耗着,十分考验项目本身的运营。

基于NFT发行市场的痛点,Art Gobblers让Gobblers NFT和Blank Pages NFT的产出都采用VRGDA(可变利率)机制,固定一个时间表,让市场需求和市场预期来平衡NFT的产出。

据悉,Gobblers NFT总量为10000个,11月1日,Art Gobblers对外公铸的释放量为2000个,剩余8000个将按照VRGDA机制开放铸造,初始速度每月为200个,随着时间推移速度减慢,总发行周期预计在8年。Blank Pages早期的日发行量为69页,最后会稳定在每天10页。

Art Gobblers运转机制

而与Gobblers NFT绑定产出的Goo,本质上就不是一个供二级市场投资用的加密资产,而属于实用型Token,主要供 Art Gobblers平台内的用户使用,场景包括NFT持有人用于质押产出Goo、创作者消耗Goo购买画布,未来可能会增加其他消耗方式。因此,Goo的产出除了由Gobblers NFT的质押数量和级别所控制外,也直接决定了该Token的长期权益归属——NFT的持有用户。

具体来说,Goo生产率由用户同时持有Goo和Gobblers NFT的数量共同来决定,用户想要保持Goo的高产出,就需要将NFT和Goo的数量保持在一定的比例内,形成最优策略。大量移除Goo或NFT后,单持的产出量永远不如双持。

Art Gobblers如此设计的目的值得思考,它似乎需要平台NFT的用户长期保持Goo的持有,产生持续向心力,并以Goo与NFT的持有来形成生态内两种资产的深度绑定。Paradigm将此定义为渐进所有权优化(Gradual Ownership Optimization),让NFT用户与Goo的持有者形成同一群体,保持生态的向内驱动。

为何如此?这就要从现行NFT项目的社区问题出发。

很多NFT项目都将自发行的同质化Token作为治理权益凭证来使用,虽然在初始发行时也绑定了NFT的持有人(给持有人空投或质押NFT获取),但这种绑定并不深度。不特定的市场参与者可能会为了治理代币的财富效应而持有NFT,一旦获得治理代币,便将之与NFT双抛变现。此外,投资者与NFT用户存在重叠,双方持有治理代币的目的不同,Token的社区治理权益在市场参与者的参与下也变得极为不稳定。假如项目需要治理解决提案问题,用户和投资者均是治理代币的持有人,提案的投票结果有时候并不反映社区的共识,这就容易给项目的发展带来阻滞,甚至直接让社区溃散。

Paradigm提出渐进所有权优化机制,让Goo长期保持在NFT持有人手中,目的之一是消除分歧,统一社区生态的管理。但这也存在一个问题,用Gobblers NFT绑定Goo,调控这个消耗资源的产出,会不会导致Goo的供给不足,影响创作者对Blank Pages的获取。如果这个环节受到影响,可以被Gobblers NFT吞噬式展出的作品就会减少,那么「画廊」本身的价值就会大打折扣。当Gobblers NFT不值钱时,卖出就会成为它的命运,这也直接会影响Goo的产出量,从而形成恶性循环。

发起人计划「放养」项目 社区生隐忧

Goo显然不是一个单纯的金融向加密资产,它与Gobblers NFT绑定,给Art Gobblers平台上的艺术家们提供源源不断的经济资源,创作出好作品。而艺术家们的作品直接赋能的并非Goo,而是Gobblers NFT和整个平台的价值。如何吸引优秀的创作者才是Art Gobblers做大、做强的关键。

尽管设计了NFT的「可变利率」发行机制,但Art Gobblers的NFT系列还是没有逃离铸造期的大涨、结束铸造后大跌的规律。想要改造NFT发行市场的实验似乎暂时性地失败了,优化生态Token所有权的实验还在继续。

至于整个Art Gobblers生态能否凭借加密经济的设计模型而自驱,这个还需要时间检验,但有趣的是,社区似乎对自驱这种「放养」模式的未来有点不放心。

Art Gobblers官方在平台介绍中表示,项目一旦启动,贾斯汀·罗兰和Paradigm都不打算再继续为平台工作,选择让社区及生态自行运转。因此,在项目启动了20天后,社区也没有看到发展路线规划图,官方只组建了一个以NFT为准入门槛的Discard社群,供持有者交流讨论。一些人担心,一开局就自驱的方式会不会让Art Gobblers如同文本框NFT系统Loot一样昙花一现。

对于整个NFT项目市场而言,Art Gobblers的亮点就是将生态Token的场景从治理进一步向实用转换,让NFT的用户(持有者、创作者、收藏者)使用Goo,特别是让创作者使用。但Goo的权益性过强、激励性不足很可能无法调动创作者的积极性和吸引力,当创作量下降时,那么,这个去中心化的NFT艺术生产系统还有多大的价值呢?

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How to Buy GAS

Welcome to HTX.com! We've made purchasing GAS (GAS) simple and convenient. Follow our step-by-step guide to embark on your crypto journey.Step 1: Create Your HTX AccountUse your email or phone number to sign up for a free account on HTX. Experience a hassle-free registration journey and unlock all features.Get My AccountStep 2: Go to Buy Crypto and Choose Your Payment MethodCredit/Debit Card: Use your Visa or Mastercard to buy GAS (GAS) instantly.Balance: Use funds from your HTX account balance to trade seamlessly.Third Parties: We've added popular payment methods such as Google Pay and Apple Pay to enhance convenience.P2P: Trade directly with other users on HTX.Over-the-Counter (OTC): We offer tailor-made services and competitive exchange rates for traders.Step 3: Store Your GAS (GAS)After purchasing your GAS (GAS), store it in your HTX account. Alternatively, you can send it elsewhere via blockchain transfer or use it to trade other cryptocurrencies.Step 4: Trade GAS (GAS)Easily trade GAS (GAS) on HTX's spot market. Simply access your account, select your trading pair, execute your trades, and monitor in real-time. We offer a user-friendly experience for both beginners and seasoned traders.

2.8k Total ViewsPublished 2024.03.29Updated 2026.06.02

How to Buy GAS

Discussions

Welcome to the HTX Community. Here, you can stay informed about the latest platform developments and gain access to professional market insights. Users' opinions on the price of GAS (GAS) are presented below.

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