加密律师解读:FTX 申请破产重组,这意味着什么?

吴说区块链Pubblicato 2022-11-12Pubblicato ultima volta 2022-11-12

Introduzione

2022 年 11 月 11 日,FTX 发布公告称 FTX 集团公司已根据《美国破产法》第11章在特拉华州地区执行破产程序。加密律师 @wassielawyer 发推解释这一举措对于 FTX 本身以及平台用户来说,意味着什么?

2022 年 11 月 11 日,FTX 发布公告称 FTX 集团公司已根据《美国破产法》第11章在特拉华州地区执行破产程序。加密律师 @wassielawyer 发推解释这一举措对于 FTX 本身以及平台用户来说,意味着什么?吴说编译整理如下:

“”

申请破产法第 11 章为 FTX 提供了自动暂停的保护。这意味着债权人在未经法院许可的情况下,不能强制执行债务要求或对任何证券或抵押品强制执行权利。它经常被用来提供“喘息的空间”。

“”

我和其他很多熟悉这种情况的律师从一开始就怀疑,任何与币安的交易都更有可能通过破产保护,而不是 “收购FTX”。这是因为当一家公司进入破产保护程序时,你可以挑选你想要的资产和负债。正如我此前所提到的,FTX 有一大堆东西是任何理智的收购者都不想要的。

“”

根据破产法第 11 章的规定,潜在的收购者可以浏览 FTX 的资产,只收购他们真正想要的资产。这些资产可以是(1)客户/商誉,(2)技术,(3)剩余的加密资产,(4)许可证,(5)可收回的贷款。

“”

所以,如果玩家真的考虑“救助” FTX 用户,那么在破产法第 11 章的程序中这么做更有意义,因为你可以不要任何 SBF 自己搞出来的烫手山芋。对用户来说,目前最好的情况是达成“ 类似 Voyager 的交易”,具有讽刺意味的是,这正是 FTX-Alameda 提出的方案:收购 FTX 的用户债务和目前的加密货币(可能还有其他“好”资产),同时把燃烧的火车残骸抛在后面(或暗指 FTX 公司主体运营)。

“”

包含 FTX US 很有意思,因为 FTX US、FTX Intl 和 Alameda 在 "结构上是分开的",而且根据 SBF 的说法,FTX US 的业务很好,完全没有受到 FTX Intl/Alameda 的影响。

FTX US 与 SBF 对 FTX Intl/Alameda 所做的事情完全隔离开来。在我看来,这是用来美化任何可能的救助协议的 “皇冠上的宝石”。希望现在还是这样,但我们还是需要存疑,特别是在 BlockFi 现在已经暂停取款的情况下。BlockFi 最初表示,它的风险敞口是在 FTX US,而不是 FTX/Alameda 集团的其他部门,但可能比预期的要多。也许,尽管直接交易对手是 FTX US,但融资或信贷支持来自 Alameda/FTX Intl?我们只能祈祷 FTX US 仍有价值,而且据报道,SBF 在寻求出售 FTX US 以填补FTX Intl 漏洞时是真心的。

“”

实际上,我认为第 11 章在这件事上是件好事,因为它冻结了公司,停止了任何附带的诡计(巴哈马漏洞、为波场行便利等),给了它一些时间来真正找到合理的解决方案。同样令人欣慰的是,SBF 没有继续担任该公司 CEO(根据破产法第 11 章,他可以继续担任),而是把这个职位留给了专业人士。第 11 章是昂贵的,但替代方案(漏洞和有问题的交易)将消耗更多的价值。

“”

顺便说一下为波场行便这点,我不知道这是怎么合法的,这很可能给交易过程带来了很多复杂性,因为当时 FTX 已经资不抵债。对于孙宇晨来说,现在来安排这样的交易可能会好得多。

“”

那现在,我们可以预期些什么吗?明天马上能提现是不可能的,在不远的将来,如果达成类似Voyager 的交易,客户就可以开始提款。鉴于 FTX 的潜在监管责任和不正当交易,CZ 在破产保护之外收购 FTX 也几乎是不可能的。现在对他来说,买断客户的负债和清理 FTX 的资产并留下这些烂摊子是非常可行的。他也可以带着 Alameda 的贷款,寻求清算 Alameda 的资产,以收回他投入的任何资本投资。理想情况下,我们要避免对 FTX Intl 和 FTX US 的清算,因为用户的资金就在那里,这是最可怕的情况,我们几乎什么都收不到。

“”

无论如何,在我们听到 FTX 的任何消息之前,还需要一段时间。新的管理层可能正在掌握情况并考虑他们的选择。我们期待着阅读他们更详细的声明。在那之前,我们只能靠泄密、传言和谣言生存。

“”

另外,附上目前关于 FTX 的常见问答:

“”

Q:如果我持有 BTC\ETH 等而非美元稳定币,到时候偿还的是啥?

“”

A:这取决于过程中发生了什么。如果用户的债权被买断,收购方可能会以原生面额归还资金。如果没有,在清算中,就是归还美元了。

“”

Q:我还可以在 FTX 上交易吗?如果在其申请破产保护之前,我进行了交易,怎么办?

“”

A:鉴于该公司很可能正在确定截至申报日的资产和负债,目前的交易可能不算数。申请破产保护之前的交易可能就算数。

“”

Q:现在我应该怎么办?我需要请一名律师吗?应该再去告 FTX 吗?应该去搞 SBF 吗?

“”

A:除非你在 FTX 中有 8、9 位数的资产,否则我建议等待更多的信息出来。新的管理层可能需要时间来了解发生了什么,可能要等几周后才会有更新的消息。之后再决定下一步行动。对于 SBF,如果以后没有集体诉讼或代表人索赔,我将感到非常惊讶,如果人们没有得到补偿,我们先等等看。

Letture associate

A 60-Day Window Depresses Oil Prices, So Why Is the Market Falling Instead?

International oil prices continued to decline on June 23, extending significant losses from the previous session. The market shifted focus from Middle East military risks to actual supply changes following a temporary U.S.-Iran arrangement. The immediate trigger was the resumption of traffic through the Strait of Hormuz, a critical oil shipping chokepoint, with two tankers passing through, signaling eased near-term supply disruption fears. Prices retreated as the "worst-case scenario" was temporarily averted. A reported 60-day window in a U.S.-Iran understanding allows Iran to sell oil during this period, further dampening supply concerns. However, this arrangement is temporary, linked to nuclear talks, and does not guarantee a long-term solution. Market sentiment remains cautious because the deal could still unravel, potentially reinstating sanctions or disrupting shipping. While these developments have lowered immediate risk premiums, prices have not fully returned to pre-conflict levels. Geopolitical news, particularly regarding the stability of the Strait of Hormuz or the progress of negotiations, could quickly reverse the price drop. Additionally, low U.S. strategic petroleum reserves limit the emergency buffer available if supply shocks reemerge. Therefore, the current price decline reflects a reduction in near-term panic, not a complete elimination of Middle East supply risks.

marsbit6 min fa

A 60-Day Window Depresses Oil Prices, So Why Is the Market Falling Instead?

marsbit6 min fa

SK Hynix Market Cap Exceeds Samsung for First Time in 26 Years, Korean Broker Calls for 50% More Upside

SK Hynix's market capitalization surpassed Samsung Electronics for the first time in 26 years on June 22, reaching 208.1 trillion won. The shift reflects a market trend where companies directly benefiting from AI infrastructure, like SK Hynix, are receiving higher valuation premiums than diversified giants. The surge is driven by AI-driven demand for High Bandwidth Memory (HBM), where SK Hynix holds a dominant 70-80% market share. Its Q1 2026 revenue exceeded 50 trillion won for the first time, with an operating profit margin of 72%. Hanwha Investment & Securities significantly raised its price target for SK Hynix to 430,000 won, the highest among Korean brokerages. The key rationale is that Long-Term Supply Agreements (LTAs) and robust HBM demand have fundamentally reduced the company's historical profit volatility. Several other brokers have also raised targets, arguing the valuation framework for memory semiconductors is being rewritten, moving away from a cyclical model. Despite the bullish outlook, the stock experienced a pullback of over 5% in regular trading on June 23 after briefly surpassing 3 million won pre-market, amid broader tech sector weakness. Some analysts caution that the市值 overtaking Samsung, whose profit scale and growth forecasts remain higher, could signal short-term overheating. However, high-return investors viewed the dip as a buying opportunity.

marsbit25 min fa

SK Hynix Market Cap Exceeds Samsung for First Time in 26 Years, Korean Broker Calls for 50% More Upside

marsbit25 min fa

GPU Rental Prices Drop 30% in Three Weeks: AI Value Chain Migrating from Nvidia to Memory Chips

GPU rental prices for Nvidia's flagship B200 chip have fallen by approximately 30% over three weeks, dropping from a high of $6.11/hour to $4.22/hour. This decline signals a potential easing of the "compute scarcity" narrative that has long supported AI hardware valuations. Concurrently, the semiconductor market is witnessing a significant divergence: while the VanEck Semiconductor ETF (SMH) has risen 15% in the past month, with memory giants Micron and SanDisk each surging nearly 60%, Nvidia's stock has declined about 3% over the same period. Analysts suggest this shift indicates that the AI value chain's bottleneck and profits are migrating from compute (GPUs) to memory. Demand for high-bandwidth memory (HBM) remains intensely strong, with contract prices soaring over 100% in H1 2026, granting memory manufacturers significant pricing power. In contrast, increased B200 supply from improved manufacturing yields and competitive pressure from new cloud providers are softening GPU rental rates. While long-term contracts, like SpaceX's $30 billion deal with Google, show sustained large-scale demand for Nvidia hardware, the softening spot prices pressure the margins of cloud providers and could eventually impact Nvidia's order flow if chip prices don't adjust. The key takeaway for investors is not a weakening AI thesis, but a recalibration within the sector: pricing power appears to be strengthening for memory chipmakers while showing signs of strain for leading GPU suppliers.

marsbit34 min fa

GPU Rental Prices Drop 30% in Three Weeks: AI Value Chain Migrating from Nvidia to Memory Chips

marsbit34 min fa

From Corning to Ciena: The 10X Stock Opportunities in the AI Optical Communication Chain

From Copper to Light: The AI-Driven Optical Communication Supply Chain and Investment Opportunities The exponential data demands of AI are pushing data centers beyond the physical limits of copper cables, forcing a critical transition to optical communication. This shift from electrical to photonic signals over distances greater than ~3 feet solves heat, power, and bandwidth constraints. The real investment opportunity lies not just in headline chipmakers, but across the entire essential photonics supply chain. **Key Investment Layers & Companies:** * **Glass & Fiber:** **Corning** is a dominant, irreplaceable supplier of advanced fiber to all major cloud/AI players (Meta, Amazon, Google, MSFT, OpenAI, NVIDIA), with multi-billion-dollar, multi-year contracts locked in years ahead of delivery. Its profit growth (93%) far outpaces revenue growth (36%), showing pricing power. * **Interconnects:** **Amphenol**, a consolidating giant in high-speed connectors (both copper and optical), shows robust growth (>80% in AI data centers) and expanding margins post-acquisition. **Credo Technology** bridges old and new worlds, extending copper's life in racks while moving into optics. It has hyper-growth but carries high customer concentration risk. * **Systems:** **Ciena** is a leader in coherent optics, enabling massive data capacity upgrades on existing fiber. It has a massive, growing order backlog ($~7B) and strong ties with cloud providers. * **Upstream & Enablers:** **AXT** produces mission-critical indium phosphide wafers for lasers, creating a supply bottleneck, but faces significant geopolitical/export license risk from its China-based manufacturing. **VEO Solutions** is the essential "picks and shovels" play, providing test equipment needed by every component in the optical chain, regardless of the eventual winner. A new pure-play photonics ETF (**FOTO**) offers a consolidated investment vehicle for this theme, though it is new and small. The core thesis is clear: the move from copper to light is inevitable and accelerating, with wealth creation spreading across this critical, multi-layered supply chain.

marsbit54 min fa

From Corning to Ciena: The 10X Stock Opportunities in the AI Optical Communication Chain

marsbit54 min fa

A Chip Company Releases AIDC Energy Storage Certification Standards. Why NVIDIA? Computing Power Reshapes Power Supply Logic. Who's in the Lead and Who's Left Out?

NVIDIA has released a "Battery Energy Storage System Self-Certification Guide," setting strict technical standards for energy storage systems specifically for AI data centers (AIDC). The guide focuses solely on certifying the Power Conversion System (PCS), not the batteries, with 10 mandatory performance metrics and 12 validation tests requiring real-world and simulation comparisons. Key requirements include rapid dynamic response to AI workloads, high-frequency system telemetry, and detailed electromagnetic transient models. The move is driven by the extreme and fluctuating power demands of next-generation AI hardware. Modern AIDCs require energy storage systems to act as intelligent, controllable grid assets, not just passive backup, to manage instantaneous, massive power load shifts that traditional UPS systems cannot handle. This redefines the competitive landscape for energy storage providers, shifting focus from capacity and cost to advanced control capabilities and system integration. While the market potential is significant—with forecasts of hundreds of GWh in new demand by 2030—the certification creates a high barrier to entry. It requires proven PCS delivery volumes and credible plans for rapid capacity scaling, favoring established, well-resourced players. Early movers like Fluence (partnering with Siemens) and several Chinese companies have secured projects ahead of the standard, but new entrants must now navigate this rigorous, costly, and time-intensive certification process to compete in the AIDC energy storage market.

marsbit1 h fa

A Chip Company Releases AIDC Energy Storage Certification Standards. Why NVIDIA? Computing Power Reshapes Power Supply Logic. Who's in the Lead and Who's Left Out?

marsbit1 h fa

Trading

Spot
Futures
活动图片