机构已提前抄底,比特币7万美元是牛回起点还是局部高点?

Odaily星球日报Pubblicato 2026-08-20Pubblicato ultima volta 2026-08-20

Introduzione

比特币在特朗普利好讲话后突破7万美元,24小时涨幅超10%,市场情绪高涨。然而,机构投资者早已提前布局。2026年第二季度,尽管比特币价格下跌14%,机构通过比特币现货ETF等渠道的持仓反而增加了7.5%,持仓占比创历史新高。其中,Jane Street、贝莱德、摩根大通等头部机构显著增持,显示其在市场低迷时的积累策略。 对于后市,观点出现分歧。部分人士认为熊市已结束,看好宏观环境与突破走势,渣打银行甚至预测年底可能冲击10万美元。另一方面,谨慎观点认为市场尚未完全触底,指出散户需求高涨常伴随局部高点,且链上数据显示“投降阶段”仍在持续,反弹可能仅是局部现象而非趋势根本反转。总体来看,机构在低位的持续增持与市场多空观点的碰撞,勾勒出当前比特币所处的复杂格局。

原创 |Odaily 星球日报(@OdailyChina)

作者|Golem(@web3_golem)

牛回速归。北京时间 8 月 20 日凌晨,特朗普在白宫加密货币行业高管聚会上的讲话利好使比特币上涨突破 70000 美元,24H 涨幅超 10%(相关阅读:加密货币暴拉的一夜,特朗普说了些什么?)。“加密大总统”回归,比特币的垃圾行情时间即将结束,今日过后,不少散户投资者可能也会将更多注意力和资金从 AI 股市收回,并投入到加密市场。

然而,总是“快人一步”的传统金融机构和资管巨头早已在特朗普利好来临之前就完成了比特币增持布局。据各大机构披露的 13F 季度报告,在 2026 年第二季度,虽然比特币下跌 14%,但机构持仓增加 7.5%,这意味着机构们在比特币行情回暖前就在持续扩大持仓。

这些默默增加比特币敞口的机构都有谁?我们是否还会见到 65000 美元以下的比特币、熊市底部是否已经确定?Odaily星球日报将在本文中统计在 13F 中披露增加比特币敞口的机构,以及机构们对比特币后续行情的看法。

增加比特币敞口的机构

机构们增加比特币敞口的主要入口是比特币现货 ETF 和比特币财库公司股票。

2026 年 Q2 机构比特币 ETF 持仓增加 7.5%

先看整体数据,据比特币分析师 Root 统计,2026 年 Q2 季度,ETF 总持仓虽然从 1297010 BTC 降至 1211322 BTC,下降 6.6%,但机构持仓从 498389 BTC 增至 535723 BTC,增长 7.5%,机构持仓占比从 38.4% 升至 44.2%,创历史新高。这表明在加密市场行情不佳时,散户投资者们大量减少了比特币 ETF 仓位,而机构却在底部不断积累头寸。

但并非所有机构都在增持比特币 ETF,增持主要集中在头部机构。据统计,整体上看,在第二季度比特币持仓的机构数量从第一季度的约 2000 家降至近 1900 家,降幅约 6.8%;但在前 25 大机构比特币 ETF 持有者中,有 17 家都在第二季度增加了持仓。

这表明对大部分机构而言,在熊市中坚定持有比特币,也是一件相当困难的事情。但即便如此,据 Root 统计,2026 年 Q2 季度仍有 9 家机构首次配置价值 100 枚以上的比特币。

下面,Odaily星球日报将盘点部分在 13F 中披露增加比特币敞口的头部机构。

Jane Street:比特币 ETF 敞口增加约 6 亿美元,增持超 2 亿美元 MSTR

截至 6 月 30 日,Jane Street 披露的比特币现货 ETF 总价值约 9.9 亿美元,其中贝莱德比特币 ETF IBIT 规模达 8.28 亿美元,约 2490 万股。2026 年 Q1 季度,Jane Street 披露持有的比特币现货 ETF 总价值仅 2.25 亿美元,约 590 万股,相比 Q1,Jane Street Q2 的比特币 ETF 敞口增加了约 6 亿美元。

此外,Jane Street 还大幅增持了 Strategy(MSTR)的股份,从第一季度的 209,833 股(价值约 2620 万美元)增至第二季度的 2,677,622 股(价值约 2.3276 亿美元),增持约 2,467,789 股,增幅约 1,176%,价值超 2 亿美元。

综上,2026 年 Q2 季度,Jane Street 增加了超 8 亿美元比特币敞口

但需要注意的是,Jane Street 的情况与普通资产管理机构不同,13F 仅披露普通股多头持仓(不含期权、空头等),Jane Street 作为典型的量化交易/做市机构,可能持有比特币 ETF 和 MSTR 的空头头寸,因此实际比特币敞口可能有偏差。即使它的多头仓位不能简单理解为长期方向性押注,但从规模上看也相当惊人了。

贝莱德:Q2 比特币敞口增加约 2.9 亿美元

在第二季度,贝莱德增加了对三种与比特币相关标的的投资,分别是 Strategy(MSTR)、IBIT 和 Strive (ASST)。

贝莱德 Q2 将 MSTR 持仓从约 1775 万股提升至 19,394,284 股(价值 16.9 亿美元),增持 1,640,399 股(价值约 2.38 亿美元),环比增长 9.24%。(Odaily星球日报注:贝莱德与 Jane Street 统计统计不同,本文都以 13F 中披露数据为主。)

其次,贝莱德还增持了自家的比特币现货 ETF,IBIT 持仓增持 1,024,742 股(价值约 4170 万美元),Q2 末总持仓 15,034,046 股,价值约 5 亿美元。最后,贝莱德还增持比特币财库公司 Strive (ASST)的股票,ASST 持仓增持 1,636,854 股(价值约 1786 万美元),增幅达到 45.1%,Q2 末总持仓 526.6 万股,价值 5750 万美元,Strive 目前持有超 2 万枚比特币。

综上,贝莱德比特币敞口在 Q2 季度增加了约 2.9 亿美元

摩根大通:增持价值 8560 万美元的 IBIT

摩根大通在 Q2 主要增持了贝莱德比特币现货 ETF IBIT,IBIT 持仓增持 2,104,944 股(价值约 8560 万美元),增幅达 25.35%,从 Q1 的 8,302,691 股增长至 10,407,635 股,总持仓价值约 3.56 亿美元。

瑞银集团:IBIT 看涨期权敞口在第二季度增长 24 倍

Q2,瑞银集团 IBIT 的直接持股量也增长了 12%,达到 407,890 股(价值约 1360 万美元),直接持股增幅相对温和,虽然仍低于 2025 年末水平(约 54 万股),但高于 2026 年 Q1(36.4 万股)的水平表明其对比特币的配置偏好正在提升。

相比直接持股,瑞银集团 IBIT 看涨期权敞口在第二季度增长了 24 倍,从约 8 万股暴增至 195 万股,而看跌期权敞口则下降了约 53%,约 30.3 万股降至约 14.3 万股。

这已显示出瑞银集团明显的看多倾向(增加买入权利、减少卖出权利),但 13F 不披露行权价、到期日或实际成本,且持仓中可能包含客户业务、做市或对冲活动,所以也不一定完全代表自营方向性的押注。

华尔街传奇对冲基金经理Paul Tudor Jones:结束自2025 年以来持续减持 IBIT 的趋势

华尔街传奇对冲基金经理 Paul Tudor Jones 旗下的 Tudor Investment 在 2026 年第二季度也增加了 IBIT 的持股,Q2 末总持仓为 688,529 股(价值 2290 万美元),该持仓较上一季度报告的 579,083 股增持了 109,446 股(价值约 445 万美元),增幅 18.9%。

虽然增持绝对资金较少,但这结束了 Paul Tudor Jones 自 2025 年以来持续减持 IBIT 的趋势,可能表明其对比特币后续走势持乐观观望态度。2024 年末 Tudor Investment 峰值曾持有超过 800 万股、价值约 4.27 亿美元的 IBIT,当前持仓仍比峰值低约 91%。

哈佛大学捐赠基金:停止减持比特币现货 ETF

哈佛大学捐赠基金提交的 13F 文件显示,截至第二季度末,其持有的比特币现货 ETF IBIT 持仓股数保持不变,仍是 3,044,612 股,Q2 末市值约 1.014 亿美元。

哈佛大学捐赠基金此前连续两个季度减持 IBIT,2025 年 Q3 峰值约 681 万股(价值约 4.43 亿美元),2025 年第四季度减持了 21%,2026 年 Q1 再减持约 43%,降至当前水平。此次虽没有增加比特币敞口,但结束了此前连续两个季度的减持,仍可解读为乐观观望态度。

机构怎么看比特币是否已到底?

当前机构对比特币后续行情的看法可基本分为“熊市已结束”和“还未到达底部”。

熊市结束派

今日比特币突破 7 万美元大关,比特币矿池 F2Pool 联创王纯于 X 平台援引自己此前于 2023 年 1 月 28 日发表的“怀念熊市”的推文表示,“熊市已经结束。”

相比于王纯的“言简意赅”,Strive 首席执行官 Matt Cole 论证的更加充分。其认为比特币将迎来历史级上涨环境,因为美元指数一直处于结构性下跌趋势中,而当前可能正在接近更大幅度的下行阶段,因此未来 5 至 7 年可能成为比特币历史上最具利好因素的宏观环境之一。Matt Cole 还表示,比特币当前价格从历史角度看属于较低的水平,Strive 愿意承担风险在此处继续买入比特币。

渣打看多比特币年底冲击 10 万美元。渣打银行数字资产研究主管 Geoff Kendrick 表示,随着美国财政部扩大对长期国债市场的流动性支持,比特币可能在 2026 年底前上涨至 10 万美元。其表示,比特币当前关键技术阻力位为 6.55 万美元,若价格突破这一水平,可能意味着本轮市场周期低点已经形成。

10x Research 最新报告也指出,在经历数月窄幅震荡后,比特币已经迎来突破行情,其表示本月最青睐的策略是买入执行价 7 万美元的看涨期权(Call)。该期权在 8 月 5 日最低仅约 300 美元,三天前一度跌至 30 美元,随后最高飙升至 1600 美元,目前交易价格约为 1300 美元。

10x Research 同时表示,一个更好的交易策略是 9 月到期、7 万美元/8 万美元执行价的看涨价差(Call Spread)。这一结构更加看涨,同时也保留了一定灵活性。

比特币还未触底派

即使比特币突破了 7 万美元,仍还有谨慎的机构认为比特币还未触底。

CZ 在美国怀俄明州 Jackson Hole 举行的 SALT 会议上就表示,比特币“超级周期”目前尚未兑现,当前仍处于熊市阶段,市场仍遵循较严格的四年周期规律。不过 CZ 承认,当前是其从业 12 年以来行业环境最友好的时期。

CryptoQuant 分析师 Darkfost 认为,当前比特币散户需求已接近过去两年来的最高水平,而历史数据显示,散户需求增长与比特币局部高点之间存在明显关联。因此 Darkfost 认为这可能体现散户的“急躁情绪”,需要对比特币的波动变得更加敏感。Greeks.live 研究院 Adam 也安慰此次踏空比特币的投资者,称比特币突破 7 万美元后,隐含波动率仍为 32%,当下卖方资金充足,买方仍有很多交易机会。

加密资产管理公司 VanEck 最新报告显示,比特币虽然当前正在释放与历史熊市末期类似的“投降信号”,但数据表明市场底部尚未完全确认。其表示,目前追踪的 12 项比特币市场投降指标中,已有 8 项进入极端区域,这些指标主要衡量比特币价格回撤、矿工盈利能力以及持币者亏损比例等市场压力因素。

不过,历史表现并未显示这些信号意味着短期底部已经形成。VanEck 数据显示,当历史上同时有 8 至 12 项指标触发时,比特币未来 90 天平均回报率约为 12.8%,180 天平均回报率约为 32%,均低于比特币长期平均水平(90 天 15.2%、180 天 36.3%)。相关信号仅在一年周期内表现出相对优势,因此无法指导长周期操作。

Glassnode 也认为比特币链上结构仍处于“投降阶段”,比特币短期持有者成本基础已降至约 6.85 万美元,低于约 7.58 万美元的真实市场均值。与此同时,本轮相对未实现亏损最高约为 25%,明显低于此前周期投降阶段超过 60% 的水平,意味着本轮市场亏损程度相对较浅,但分布更加分散,可能需要更长时间完成出清。

Glassnode 强调当前任何价格反弹都更应该被视为局部反弹,而不是市场趋势发生根本性转变。

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