IPO后跌了四周、12亿股解禁压顶,SpaceX首份季报能否救股价

华尔街见闻Pubblicato 2026-08-04Pubblicato ultima volta 2026-08-04

Introduzione

SpaceX将于8月4日发布上市后首份季报。尽管其股价自高点已下挫46%且面临超12亿股解禁抛压,但市场聚焦于AI数据中心租赁带来的营收弹性、Starlink订阅用户增长以及Starship第14次飞测进展。华尔街预估二季度营收约69亿美元,该财报被视为能否扭转股价颓势的关键。

SpaceX即将发布上市后首份季度财报,市场将迎来关键考验。

SpaceX将于美东时间8月4日(周三)收盘后公布第二季度业绩。截至本周一开盘,其股价已连续四周下跌,较135美元的IPO发行价下跌约20%,距6月16日收盘历史高点201.80美元更累计下挫46%。

Cantor Fitzgerald分析师Colin Canfield在预览报告中指出,"初始季度的盈利预期可能存在极端偏差",暗示外界对业绩走向几乎无从把握。

与此同时,解禁压力正悬于股价之上。约9.12亿股将于8月6日获准上市流通,另有约3.19亿股将在此后约一周内解禁。这意味着早期投资者的潜在抛压不容忽视,而市场的目光将聚焦于周四和周五股价的反应——一份强劲的财报,或许是打破连跌颓势的唯一催化剂。

AI业务营收潜力巨大,但不确定性最高

SpaceX财报分三大业务板块披露:太空(Space)、连接(Connectivity)和人工智能(AI)。其中,AI板块是本季最大悬念所在。

AI业务的核心资产是xAI——SpaceX于今年2月完成与其的合并。xAI目前运营两座陆地数据中心:位于田纳西州的Colossus I和位于密西西比州的Colossus II。第一季度,AI业务实现营收8.18亿美元,但同期录得25亿美元经营亏损,资本支出高达77亿美元。

进入第二季度,营收端出现重要变量。SpaceX已与Anthropic和谷歌签署AI数据中心租赁协议,其中与Anthropic的协议每月金额高达12.5亿美元,并于5月至6月间开始逐步提量;谷歌协议则尚未启动。这意味着本季AI业务的实际营收存在较大弹性,利润率走势与新增资本支出节奏同样难以预判。

投资者最期待的指引包括:公司对今年下半年及2027年AI业务的前景展望,以及计划利用Starship将低成本AI计算卫星送入轨道这一构想的推进时间表。

Starlink:用户增长是核心指标

连接业务Starlink是SpaceX最稳健的盈利引擎。第一季度末,Starlink订阅用户数达1030万,较12个月前的500万翻逾一倍;当季实现营收114亿美元,经营利润44亿美元。

本季财报中,用户增长数据将是市场关注焦点。Colin Canfield预计公司将披露每用户平均收入(ARPU)指标,以及企业级和政府业务的合同积压情况,这些数据将帮助投资者评估Starlink的商业化深度与未来成长空间。

太空业务:Starship进展受关注

太空板块承载着SpaceX的核心技术叙事。第一季度,该板块实现营收41亿美元,经营亏损6.57亿美元,新增厂房与设备资本支出11亿美元。第二季度,Falcon 9完成约36次发射,其中多数服务于自身Starlink星座部署,此类发射不计入太空板块营收。

Starship的进展同样备受瞩目。7月,Starship完成第13次飞行测试,投资者将寻求第14次测试的时间更新,以及公司在该火箭上的持续投入规模——Starship是未来商业载荷发射及AI卫星部署的关键运载工具。

业绩预期与市场展望

华尔街目前预计,SpaceX第二季度总营收约为69亿美元,息税折旧摊销前利润(EBITDA)约为21亿美元;全年营收预期为390亿美元,EBITDA预期173亿美元。Colin Canfield对本季持较为乐观态度,预计业绩将好于预期并伴随正面指引。

然而,这些预测的参考价值存疑。由于这是SpaceX上市后首份季报,分析师尚无历史数据作为校准基础,实际数字存在大幅偏离的可能。

股价走势同样充满变数。解禁股份的供给压力、市场对马斯克注意力分散的担忧,以及估值本身的争议——以当前市值约1.4万亿美元计算,对应2026年预估营收约35倍——都将是影响财报后市场反应的关键因素。对于投资者而言,这个周末或将极不平静。

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