Знает ли Китай заранее о бычьих и медвежьих циклах биткоина?

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2025-02-02Last updated on 2025-12-03

Китай был одной из стран, которые с 2013 по 2025 год проводили самую жёсткую политику в отношении криптовалютного сектора. Регулирование напрямую влияло на глобальные колебания цен, связанные с четырёхлетним циклом биткоина (BTC).

Китай каждые четыре года вводит жёсткие правила в отношении биткоина

За последние 12 лет было принято четыре крупных нормативных акта, которые определили правовой статус, возможности использования и место криптоактивов в финансовой системе. Вот хронологическое описание действий Китая в 2013, 2017, 2021 и 2025 годах.

В декабре 2013 года пять министерств во главе с Народным банком Китая (НБК) опубликовали совместное заявление, в котором впервые дали исчерпывающее определение криптовалюты в стране. В заявлении под названием «Предупреждение о рисках, связанных с биткоином» прямо говорилось, что биткоин не является валютой, законным платёжным средством и что финансовые учреждения не могут предоставлять какие-либо услуги, связанные с биткоином. Этот шаг стал первым систематическим ограничением использования криптовалюты в Китае.

В сентябре 2017 года семь министерств совместно опубликовали заявление под названием «Предупреждение о рисках финансирования посредством выпуска токенов» Решение полностью запрещало все процессы ICO в стране, предписывало проектным группам возвращать все собранные средства и определяло криптовалютные биржи как незаконные платформы для финансирования. Это вмешательство, известное как «инцидент 94», потрясло мировые рынки и привело к окончательному завершению эпохи ICO в Китае.

Декларация, подписанная десятью государственными учреждениями в сентябре 2021 года, была признана самым агрессивным шагом Китая в области регулирования на сегодняшний день. В ней все операции с криптовалютой и криптосервисы были отнесены к незаконной финансовой деятельности. Преследование майнеров усилилось, были внедрены многочисленные новые механизмы контроля и правоприменения, а правоохранительные органы стали работать сообща. Этот текст был истолкован как расширение сферы действия всех нормативных актов, принятых с 2013 года.

Рабочая встреча, состоявшаяся в ноябре 2025 года, в которой приняли участие представители 13 министерств, подтвердила жёсткую позицию Китая в отношении криптоактивов. На встрече, в которой участвовали представители Министерства внутренних дел, судебной системы, центрального банка и финансовых регуляторов, обсуждались вопросы усиления контроля за криптовалютными транзакциями, пресечения спекуляций и незаконной деятельности, а также устранения «беспорядков» на рынке. Чиновники подтвердили: «Криптовалюты не имеют того же статуса, что и легальные валюты, не могут использоваться в качестве платёжного средства, а все связанные с ними действия считаются незаконными финансовыми операциями».

Соответствие всех этих правил традиционному четырёхлетнему циклу биткоина привело к тому, что некоторые аналитики стали утверждать, что «Китай понимает цикл биткоина».

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