空投热潮退去,四大热门项目真实实力大起底:谁在裸泳?

coinvoice2024-07-12 tarihinde yayınlandı2024-07-16 tarihinde güncellendi

作者:Golem,Odaily 星球日报

 

2024 上半年 4 大热门空投项目(Starknet、ZKsync、LayerZero、Blast)终于都在空投结束后告一段落,然而在社交媒体上仍时常有关于它们真实网络情况的争议,有观点认为它们曾经耀眼的链上数据是因为撸毛用户和工作室的存在,而当空投落地后,它们将是一个只有「8 个真实用户」的「链上鬼城」。

那么真实情况究竟如何,当热闹散尽还有多少用户留存,现在是时候看看它们真正的实力了。本文 Odaily 星球日报将从链上活跃地址、TVL、交易量等数据角度对这 4 个项目进行对比和总结。

 

Starknet:用户流失较多,但网络质量并未明显下降

 

Starknet 官方代币 STRK 的空投领取时间为 2 月 20 日至 6 月 20 日。

活跃地址数较空投前约减少 80% 

为了尽早卖出和避免承受抛压,许多用户都会选择尽早领取空投。因此根据 Starknet 官方浏览器 starkscan 的数据,在 2 月 21 日 Starknet 网络的日活跃地址数接近 2023 年 7 月的历史高度,超 38 万个地址。

但当大部分用户空投领取完后,日活跃地址也呈断崖式下跌,直到 6 月 20 日之后,日活跃地址数已经降到了 2023 年 3 月时的水平,大概 1.5 万到 2 万左右。

2023 年 5 月至 2024 年 2 月宣布空投前这段时间,Starknet 网络日活跃地址数平均约为 10 万,而目前来看空投申领结束后日活跃地址数已经减少了约 80% 。

TVL:空投后 U 本位下降,币本位并未减少

根据 Starknet 官方浏览器 starkscan 的数据,总体来看,Starknet 网络 TVL 仍处于上升趋势,以币本位计算,ETH 锁仓量一直在增加。即使是 STRK 空投后,TVL 也并没有下降太多,图中 4 月份 STRK 的 TVL 下跌是因为币价跳水,而实际锁定的 STRK 总量并未有太大变化。

日交易量无明显变化,交易笔数下降

根据 Defillama 的数据,Starknet 网络日交易量在空投前后并无明显变化,空投结束后并未影响用户在 Starknet 网络上交易的热情。

但日交易笔数却呈断崖式下跌。根据 Artemis 的数据, 2 月 20 日空投当日 Starknet 网络日交易笔数创新高,但之后总体呈下跌趋势,远不如空投前水平。

小结

以上数据总体反映出因空投结束撸毛用户与工作室的退出,网络活跃人数与交易频次下降,但整体网络质量却并未因此而下降太多,网络 TVL 与日交易量在空投前后并未有太大差异。同时总体交易笔数下降带来的影响便是网络的手续费用与收入也在空投后下降。

 

ZKsync:真实用户比例最高,网络质量较好

 

ZKsync 官方代币 ZK 的空投领取开始时间为 6 月 17 日。

活跃地址数较空投前约减少 40% 

根据由 Matter Labs 创建的 Dune 仪表盘显示,空投当天 ZKsync 的日活跃地址数创下历史新高。当大部分用户领取完后,日活跃地址数于空投当天相比下降约 70% ,但与空投前相比较,只下降了约 40% 。

TVL:U 本位下降,但受空投影响因素不大

根据 Artemis 的数据,ZKsync Era 网络的 TVL 以 U 本位计算在今年 3 月份未开始空投前就已经呈现下跌趋势, 6 月份空投之后 TVL 仍在持续下跌。

但是根据 L2 beat 的数据,以币本位计算,ZKsync Era 网络空投后的 TVL 下降趋势并不明显。可见,其 TVL 降低受空投的影响并不大,而可能受其他因素(如整体赛道行情、币价、生态建设等)影响较大一些。

日交易量空投前后无明显变化

根据 Defillama 的数据,因为领取空投的需求, 6 月 17 日 ZKsync Era 网络交易量达到了 2.4 亿美元,创下 2024 年最高记录。但当空投领取完后,日交易量迅速回归平均水平,也无明显下跌。

但与日活跃地址数类似,ZKsync Era 网络的日交易笔数在 6 月 16 日空投当天达到了历史新高,约 170 万笔。随后日交易笔数下跌,与空投前平均日交易笔数相比约减少 50% 。

小结

以上数据总体反映 ZKsync Era 网络的真实用户占比相对较高,空投前后用户与交易频次仅减少 40% ~ 50% ,其他网络质量方面受空投因素而前后发生变化的影响小。

 

LayerZero:用户流失最大,网络质量骤降

 

LayerZero 在 5 月份初宣布进行了快照, 6 月 20 日正式宣布开放空投申领。

日活跃地址数较宣布快照前减少约 85% 

据 Dune 数据,自 LayerZero 在 5 月份初宣布完成快照后,链上活跃地址数断崖式下降, 5 月 2 日前链上活跃地址数还有超 11 万, 5 月 2 日后直接减少约 40% ,随后更是逐渐走向新低,较宣布快照前减少约 85% 以上。

跨链消息较空投前减少约 80% 

根据 LayerZero 官方浏览器 layerzeroscan 数据,使用 LayerZero 跨链的总消息数在官方宣布快照后也经历了断崖式下跌,除了在 6 月 20 日空投领取当日数据有起色外,与空投前相比,平均减少约 80% 以上,回到了 2023 年 3 月的水平。

跨链金额与日交易笔数减少 90% 以上

根据 Dune 数据,每日使用 LayerZero 进行跨链的资金在官方宣布快照后骤降,每日平均保持在 1500 万美元左右,与空投前高峰期相比,减少了 90% 以上。

同时,使用 LayerZero 的日交易笔数在宣布快照结束当天也下跌约 47% ,空投后日交易笔数平均保持在 2 万左右,与空投前平均 20 万的日交易笔数相比,也减少了 90% 以上。

小结

以上数据反映 LayerZero 网络表现并不客观,空投前后数据差异较大,用户与网络质量较空投前都下降了约 90% ,这也证明当撸毛用户和工作室退出后,LayerZero 的真实用户需求仅为空投前的 1/10 。

 

Blast:用户信心不足,未来发展堪忧

 

Blast 在 2 月 20 日宣布一周后发放空投,官方代币 BLAST 的空投领取开始时间为 6 月 26 日。

日活跃地址持续下降

根据 Artemis 的数据, 6 月份 Blast 的日活跃地址数整体处于上升趋势,表明用户对于 Blast 的信心实际在增加。但当 6 月 26 日空投落地,日活跃地址数骤降,短短几天回到了 3 月份时的水平,并且这种下降趋势仍在继续。

TVL 在空投前就开始下跌

根据 Artemis 的数据,Blast 网络的 TVL 在其官方 6 月 20 日宣布即将空投消息时就已经开始呈现下跌趋势,而实际到 6 月 26 日空投后,下跌趋势更加明显,资金正在撤出 Blast。

日交易量无明显变化,日交易笔数骤降

根据 Defillama 的数据, 6 月份 Blast 网络的交易量呈上升趋势, 6 月 26 日因空投领取达到历史最高,但很快回到了空投前 6 月份平均水平。

日交易笔数与日活跃地址数类似,在 Blast 官方 6 月 20 日宣布空投后就开始下跌,因 7 月 2 日 Blast 生态去中心化杠杆交易协议 Particle 向用户开放空投而有短暂回升,总体仍是下跌趋势。

小结

以上数据反映虽然 Blast 第一阶段空投并未结束多久,但用户对于 Blast 的信心明显不足,无论是用户还是资金与空投前相比都出现明显的撤退痕迹。但从交易量也能看出,因生态应用建设和新阶段的空投激励措施等作用,网络质量目前还处于一个较好的状态。

 

结语

 

综上,可以看出空投前这 4 个项目在用户量及链上活跃度方面确实存在较大的水分,但随着空投结束后大量撸毛用户和工作室的退出,真实链上数据被还原,所有项目都回归本身的价值时,我们就能够较为客观地看出是谁在裸泳。

针对走技术叙事的两条以太坊 L2(Starknet 和 ZKsync),当空投结束后,从真实用户数量与网络质量角度来说,它们也并没有想象中的那么不堪,TVL 与交易量没有与活跃地址数减少成正比。

反而是跨链互操作协议 LayerZero 与 收益型 L2 Blast 空投前后数据差异较大,特别是 LayerZero 不仅链上活跃地址大幅下降,日跨链金额也都经历了大幅下跌。这也侧面说明当空投泡沫破灭后,跨链协议的真正价值有待进一步评估。

当然,目前的数据也并不能代表它们的表现,随着主流叙事发展、行情变化、项目方路线图的进展等,未来市场会选择真正有价值的项目,而淘汰那些依靠空投积分策略获得一时热度的项目。

毕竟空投结束时,拼的才是真刀真枪。


声明:本内容为作者独立观点,不代表 CoinVoice 立场,且不构成投资建议,请谨慎对待,如需报道或加入交流群,请联系微信:VOICE-V。

来源:星球日报 原创

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