天下苦积分制久矣,一文回顾积分模式盛极转衰之路

Odaily星球日报Published on 2024-04-30Last updated on 2024-04-30

Abstract

或许下一次大规模的积分项目反撸,将是积分制时代终结的开始。

原创 | Odaily星球日报

作者 | 南枳

天下苦积分制久矣,一文回顾积分模式盛极转衰之路

今日凌晨,EigenLayer 公开了空投详情,将为第一季空投计划分配 5% 的 EIGEN 代币。其中最值得注意的是,EIGEN 代币在申领初期将为不可转账(non-transferable)的状态。预计这一不可转账的状态将持续数月(in the coming months)。

另一方面,EigenLayer 宣布了快照时间为 3 月 15 日,意味着快照之后至今的积分并不计入在第一季空投中,通常情况下第一二季空投预期价值差异较大,进而导致了 Pendle 上 YT 和 PENDLE 代币本身的下跌,被此期间参与的用户抱怨颇多,积分制也饱受诟病。

(Odaily 注:目前 Pendle 用户于官方界面查询空投数量为 0 ,原因是 EigenLayer 需要单独与 Pendle 和其他 LRT 对接数据,将另行计算和公布。)

积分制由来

2023 年 11 月,Blur 推出了新项目 Blast,虽积分系统并非其首创,但通过一系列裂变手段与市场情绪的叠加,Blast 正式开启了积分制热潮的序幕。

积分制模式会明确列出每个地址的积分并提供榜单,通常情况下积分仅和存入资金相关,但积分如何与代币空投关联仍由项目方解释。

此后各个链上的各种项目项目开始大量地推出积分系统,例如有:

EigenLayer 生态的SwellRenzoPuffer FinanceEigenpie

DeFi 协议如 Hyperliquid(Arbitrum)、Scallop(Sui)、Drift(Solana)等;

比特币生态 B² Network、BounceBit 等;

其他类型的项目还包括钱包 Rabby Wallet、链上地产指数交易平台 Parcl 等;

积分制特点

积分制开始大行其道之时,积分交易市场 Whales Market 也随之横空出世, 23 年 12 月 26 日该平台正式推出,仅用时一个月代币市值近7000 万美元,截止1 月 30 日交易量超 2000 万美元

为何 Whales Market 能够快速崛起,它满足了用户在积分模式下的什么需求,同时体现了积分制的什么特点?

让我们先回到积分制普及之前,彼时的项目交互与空投中,资金体量并非主要的衡量因素。

例如早在 2020 年 9 月,Uniswap 宣布空投,所有参与流动性提供、进行交易以及持有或赎回过 SOCKS 的用户都将获得 UNI 代币空投。而近一两年的大规模空投,包括 Arbitrum、Starknet 中,虽加入了交互金额等标准,但也为用户“忠诚度”赋予了较大的权重,包括交互月活、交互数量等。

而在积分模式下,首先资金量成为了衡量积分的第一要素,往往不再可以依靠铺号来扩大收益。而要让大户愿意在单个项目中投入大资金,需要获得足够的确定性和安全性。再回到 Whales 的问题中,我们可以得出:

  • 经过充分交易的积分市场能够作为价格的有效参考,结合项目明确的积分获取制度,能够预估出大致的收益率。

  • 积分与代币的兑换规则仍由项目方决定,用户能够提前交易避免“反撸”。尤其是 Whales Market 采用了统一汇率兑换规则,只要不是因金额过小或其他女巫原因被剔除,均能够有效锁定利润。

  • 积分将随着质押活动的进行不断被稀释,用户能够早期售出锁定价值。

社区声音

积分制已成大户游戏

虽然积分制提供了较为明确的收益率,但用户普遍认为积分制使得空投交互成为了“大户游戏”。

此前各类项目虽也不再是“点击就送”的空投模式,但是对于资金量较小的用户,能可通过长期交互弥补差异,以获得可观收益,攒下第一桶金。

同时非资金量为主的空投模式也限制了大户的进入,需要组建工作室才能有效发挥其资金优势。而积分制下资金的进入不再是障碍,形成了单方面的碾压。

例如在 EigenLayer 的空投中,孙宇晨 EIGEN 空投数量达 3, 559, 570 枚,而第一季空投数量为 8350 万枚,其个人占比高达 4.26% 。

积分制引来毒 TVL?

另一方面,协议、生态乃至一条公链是否能够吸引用户,本应以产品出发,通过解决用户需求与痛点来实现引入用户的目的,例如 Arbitrum 依靠 GMX,即使空投后仍有着大量的资金与用户,Base 依靠 ft、degen 等产品引入了大量的新用户。

然而积分制下,虽同样引来了资金的注入,但更多的是一种“毒 TVL”,与产品好坏无关,仅考虑是否具有足够的收益率,吸引资金来去的不是产品的改良或者退步,而是积分系统与收益预期的转变。积分制引来的不是用户也不是建设者,而是无情的 farmer。

尤其是近期出现部分超高 TVL 项目,在正式上线后表现远低于市场预期,在群体、产品和用户认知建设不足的情况下盲目推高 TVL,最终受其反噬。

如前文所述,积分与空投代币的具体兑换规则仍由项目方决定,积分并不意味着收益承诺。天下苦积分制久矣,或许下一次大规模的积分项目反撸,将是积分制时代终结的开始。

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