波卡上线XCM,迈入平行链跨链通信时代!

PolkaWorldPublished on 2022-05-05Last updated on 2022-05-05

Abstract

5月4日上午,波卡完成了v0.9.19版本的升级,此次升级的重要内容之一,就是上线了通过XCM进行平行链间消息传递的功能。波卡的跨链互操作愿景由此开启!

5月4日上午,波卡完成了v0.9.19版本的升级,此次升级的重要内容之一,就是上线了通过XCM进行平行链间消息传递的功能。波卡的跨链互操作愿景由此开启!

波卡资产链Statemint在此次升级后将支持铸造NFT等资产和跨链传送资产

波卡(Polkadot)网络允许任意数据(不仅限于代币)进行跨链传输,它是一个真正的多链应用环境。

XCM是波卡的跨共识消息格式(Cross-ConsensusMessagingfromat)的简称,XCM不仅支持平行链之间的通信,还支持智能合约、dApp和Substratepallet(模块)之间的通信。

XCM是消息格式,需要搭配消息传递协议使用。目前,平行链之间的跨链消息传递协议使用HRMP协议。平行链可以开启和其他平行链或Statemint之间的HRMP通道,从而进行跨平行链的消息传递。HRMP作为向XCMP过渡的方案,和XCMP具有相同的接口和功能,只不过HRMP的所有消息传递都会经过中继链,因此对中继链资源的消耗更高。等到XCMP上线后,HRMP会被弃用。

波卡的61号公投目前正在投票中,该公投提议将HRMP通道的押金降低至10DOT,如果该公投投票通过就会在本周末执行。平行链团队可以在Wiki中查看如何开启HRMP通道的指南,Wiki中的信息来自于团队在Kusama上开启HRMP通道的经验。

Polkadot开启XCM,意味着什么?

有了XCM+HRMP,就能够进行跨平行链的消息传递,这对波卡网络来说意味着什么呢?由于Kusama已经率先实现了这一点,我们可以看看在Kusama上都发生了什么,就能大概知道它对波卡的意义。

Kusama中目前已经开启了18条HRMP双向通道。举个例子,Bifrost是波卡和Kusama生态的质押资产流动性协议,Karura是Kusama生态的DeFi枢纽,两者都是Kusama的平行链。Bifrost<->KaruraHRMP通道开启后,Bifrost的BNC就通过XCM跨链传送到Karura中,用户可以在KaruraDEX中进行BNC/kUSDSwap。未来还可能出现更多有趣的玩法,例如Karura中的本地代币KAR和稳定币kUSD可以在Bifrost链中充当手续费,Bifrost的本地代币BNC和KSM流动性衍生品vsKSM可以在Karura中作为抵押品铸造kUSD稳定币,kUSD可以成为BifrostSwap的结算基础货币。

也就是说,XCM搭配HRMP协议,能够让波卡的平行链实现跨链的可组合性,让平行链可以利用其他平行链的能力,从而真正激活波卡生态。

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