Web3「财神」降临?今年加密货币为什么反弹?

老雅痞Pubblicato 2023-01-26Pubblicato ultima volta 2023-01-26

Introduzione

到目前为止,包括比特币(BTC)和以太坊(ETH)在内的蓝筹加密资产在2023年的表现非常好,BTC自新年以来上涨了大约36%,ETH上涨了接近30%。越来越多的人有理由认为,加密货币市场的“底部已经到来”,一些宏观经济数据表明,今年对该行业来说将比2022年要光明得多。

在中国传统习俗上,初五是迎财神的日子。今天来看全球加密行业也是一片“旺旺旺”。

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到目前为止,包括比特币(BTC)和以太坊(ETH)在内的蓝筹加密资产在2023年的表现非常好,BTC自新年以来上涨了大约36%,ETH上涨了接近30%。越来越多的人有理由认为,加密货币市场的“底部已经到来”,一些宏观经济数据表明,今年对该行业来说将比2022年要光明得多。

这个新的开始,关键是,由于疫情驱动的教育和各行业发展的浪潮,尽管有一波欺诈行为结束了最后的牛市,比特币早在2022年11月9日就创下了略低于16000美元的局部底部,尽管从2021年底的高点大幅回落,但与最近2020年9月的价格相比,仍然上涨了66%。

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这是一个非常值得学习的思考点,虽然波动很大,加密资产已经持续了十几年的稳定增长趋势。虽然今年有一些重大的监管风险,但除了一些特殊情况来说,这一基本趋势似乎仍在继续。CoinDesk首席专栏作家David Z. Morris认为全球通货膨胀正处于一个转折点,一起来了解一下这对加密货币的新生转机可能意味着什么。

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美国地区“软着陆”?

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尽管如此,虽然清除了一些骗子应该意味着我们已经清除了一些主要的下行尾部风险,但它不等于会有新的加密货币牛市的理由。相反,明年最重要的是宏观经济状况,特别是通货膨胀和利率对加密货币和其他风险资产的影响。(尽管正如我们将要讨论的那样,这种动态本身可能是一条通往失望的道路)。

世界范围内的通货膨胀情况是复杂的,但目前BTC和ETH的反弹似乎反映了一种上升的感觉,即美国特别是在通往鞭打通货膨胀的道路上,甚至可能是“软着陆”,在不压垮就业的情况下阻止通货膨胀。

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2022年行业内似乎已经忽略了杰罗姆·鲍威尔主席和美联储试图在2021年推翻的“暂时性通胀”论点。但可以说,回想起来,通胀已经被证明是相当短暂的,至少是由供应链和商品中断以及基础货币供应量所驱动的,美国的通胀率现在已经连续6个月下降了。

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12月份的月度数据尤其令人振奋,消费者价格指数(CPI)实际上在本月下降了0.1%。一些家庭必需品甚至没有达到美联储2%的通胀目标,食品杂货价格每月仅上升0.2%,汽油价格每月下降9.4%。这还不足以消除过去一年多的急剧通货膨胀,但它确实使我们更接近一个新的稳定基线。

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这导致人们普遍预期美联储将放缓其加息议程。2022年连续四次加息0.75%在历史上是很激进的,但现在市场已经完全计入了2月份温和加息0.25%的预期,今年下半年有可能完全不加息。

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鉴于我们现在出现了月度通货紧缩,任何加息似乎都令人惊讶,但事实上,这突出了另一个积极的数据点。美联储仍然需要保持一些压力,仅仅是因为就业数字仍然强劲,最近的报告将失业率维持在3.5%的历史低位,但工资增长也有些放缓。

从宏观经济的角度来看,这几乎是恰到好处的,为传说中的“软着陆”提供了真正的可能性,使通货膨胀得到控制,而不会使经济出现灾难性的停滞,使工人流落街头。反过来,这对像加密货币这样的风险投机性资产来说是个好消息。

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欧中混战

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欧洲的情况更加复杂,欧洲1月份的制造业和服务业指数超过预期,该地区自6月以来首次恢复经济正增长。

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但欧洲可能不会像美国那样获得软着陆。欧洲央行似乎仍然担心通货膨胀,已经表明在未来几个月将继续更积极地加息。

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这仍然比全球经济活动的第三大轴心(中国)要好得多。

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反投机冲动

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在讨论了利率和价格压力之后,我觉得有必要指出这种关注所固有的问题,主要担心央行利率的加密投资者暗中关注加密价格的投机驱动因素,包括来自国债等安全投资的美元竞争加剧。

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但现在可能是时候摆脱这种心态了。关于2020-2022年加密货币故事的一个版本是,在2020年的疫情封闭间,早期的疫情导致新的参与者去主动了解加密货币,这反过来又在2021年创造了一个投机狂热,然后在2022年爆出。

在一个完美的世界里,我们会有着持续的好奇心和真正的用户采用,而不是FOMO和CX。这些狂热,以及他们对超额回报的期望,往往把投机者推向有魅力的炒作者,以及他们令人兴奋的新代币和超额回报的承诺。2022年是令整个行业更加清醒的年份,现在回头想想,去年这个时候持有LUNA或FTT的人,如今还好吗?

Letture associate

In Jinjiang, Fujian, a Storage Super Unicorn Lies Quiet

In Fujian's Jinjiang, a city known for sportswear, lies a quiet semiconductor giant: Fujian Jinhua Integrated Circuit Co. (JHICC). Once a promising domestic DRAM manufacturer alongside Yangtze Memory and ChangXin Memory Technologies (CXMT), its journey was derailed in 2018 when the U.S. placed it on an Entity List and filed criminal charges for alleged trade secret theft. This halted production for years. A turning point came in February 2024 when a U.S. federal court found JHICC not guilty. However, it had lost crucial time. While CXMT soared to become a top-valued A-share company in 2024, JHICC, with an estimated valuation of 80 billion RMB, was just restarting. Its current output is primarily customized DDR4 chips, not the advanced DDR5/HBM demanded for AI, but it still benefits from the broader memory chip upcycle. JHICC's story is tied to Chen Zhengkun, a veteran engineer who left Micron to lead the venture. Founded in 2016 with state-backed funding, JHICC partnered with Taiwan's UMC to develop DRAM technology. Rapid progress was cut short by the U.S. actions, which Micron initiated, partly due to its heavy reliance on the Chinese market. Post-sanctions, Chen's team worked to rebuild the production line with reduced reliance on U.S. technology. According to its records, JHICC achieved small-scale production and revenue growth under immense pressure. It now focuses on the stable "niche" DRAM market (e.g., TVs, routers) with a monthly capacity of ~40,000 wafers, aiming for 60,000 by 2026. It holds over 1,000 patents but remains on the Entity List. For Jinjiang, investing in JHICC was a bold industrial leap. The local government provided unwavering financial and logistical support during the crisis, helping the company survive. JHICC has become the anchor for a growing local semiconductor cluster. Though its scale lags behind domestic peers, JHICC's persistence symbolizes a hard-won foothold in a global market long dominated by Samsung, SK Hynix, and Micron. Having missed one boom, it seeks a place in the new AI-driven memory supercycle.

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