韩国立法者拟赋予金融情报部门(FIU)监控加密货币的自主工具

cryptonews.ruPubblicato 2026-08-22Pubblicato ultima volta 2026-08-22

Introduzione

韩国十名议员提出一项法案,旨在赋予金融情报室(FIU)直接调查和起诉未注册加密货币运营商的权力。目前,FIU作为金融服务委员会下属机构,负责管理加密货币服务商的注册。然而,自2022年8月至2025年8月间,FIU向警方移送的25起涉及未注册服务商的案件中,有23起因嫌疑人身处海外等原因被警方搁置或中止调查。 新法案提议修改《特定金融交易信息报告与使用法》,新增条款允许FIU直接受理举报、开展调查,并有权将案件移交检方,以提升对未注册加密货币交易所(被称为“私人换汇所”)涉嫌洗钱、非法外汇交易等活动的打击效率。法案已提交国会政务委员会审议,但后续流程存在不确定性。 与此同时,韩国已加强加密货币监管,包括取消100万韩元的加密货币转账报告门槛,并将于2027年2月全面实施“旅行规则”。此外,监管机构对交易所的负债率设置了200%的上限,并加强了股东审查。2025年,仅有两家新的虚拟资产服务商获得批准,审批周期也有所延长。数据显示,去年韩国可疑交易报告数量增至36,684起,其中约90%涉及非法跨境汇款。

十名韩国立法者提出了一项法案,将允许金融情报部门追查未经注册的加密货币运营商并将案件移交检察机关。

韩国警方搁置了金融情报部门移交的几乎所有案件。

十名立法者提交第2220655号法案

该法案于周四由国民力量党议员严泰永及其他九名议员提交。它修订了《特定金融交易信息报告与使用法》,新增了第15-4条。

根据韩国立法跟踪门户网站信息,8月21日,该法案已被提交至负责监督金融服务委员会的国会政务委员会。

法案仍需在委员会审议并经全体会议表决。措辞在审议过程中可能发生变化,由个别立法者提交的法案在议会任期结束后经常未能通过。

根据提议的方案,任何人都可以直接向金融情报部门(FIU)举报涉嫌违规行为。随后,该部门将能够对举报进行调查、分析、提起控告、请求刑事调查或将信息移交调查人员。

金融情报部门(FIU)隶属于金融服务委员会(FSC),负责管理为韩国客户服务的加密公司必须加入的注册系统。

截至六月,已有28家服务提供商在该系统注册,据报告,FIU已将40家涉嫌非法运营商的信息移交调查机构。

警方搁置了移交金融犯罪部门的25个案件中的23个

在2022年8月至2025年8月期间,金融情报部门将25家未经注册的虚拟资产服务提供商的活动移交警方调查。

然而,警方暂停或中止了对其中23个案件的调查或初步审查。据报道,这些公司及其员工大多位于海外,这使得利用现有程序对其采取行动变得困难。

目前,金融情报部门可以标记涉嫌未经注册运营的嫌疑人,但为了进行进一步调查,它必须依赖警方和其他机构。

法案的理由中指出,依赖跨部门合作和正式的调查请求使得快速响应变得困难。

文件警告称,这些被其称为“私人兑换点”的未经注册兑换处,可能被用于洗钱、非法外汇兑换和向海外非法汇款。

韩国批准了一项修正案,取消了加密货币转账报告100万韩元的门槛。

注册规定已于8月20日生效,而完整的"旅行规则"扩展将在2027年2月跟进,根据此前Cryptopolitan的报道。该法案还引入了对交易所运营商的负债率限制(200%)以及更严格的股东审查。

2025年,FIU仅批准了两家新的虚拟资产服务提供商运营。这少于上一年的四家。根据之前Cryptopolitan的平均数据,批准所需时间从11个月增加到了16个月。

去年,韩国可疑交易报告数量增至36,684份,其中约90%与非法跨境汇款计划有关。

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Domande pertinenti

Q韩国立法者提出的法案旨在授予金融情报部门(FIU)什么新的权力?

A该法案旨在授予韩国金融情报部门(FIU)独立的调查工具和执法权,使其能够直接追查未经注册的加密货币运营商,并将案件直接移交检察机关,而无需像目前这样完全依赖警方调查。

Q为什么韩国警方搁置了金融情报部门移交的大部分未注册加密货币交易商案件?

A警方搁置调查的主要原因是,被指控的大多数未注册加密货币公司及其工作人员身处海外,利用现有的执法程序和跨境合作机制难以获取有效证据和进行追查。

Q根据文章,韩国金融情报部门(FIU)目前已经将多少家涉嫌非法运营的虚拟资产服务提供商信息移交给了调查机构?

A截至今年六月,韩国金融情报部门(FIU)已将40家涉嫌非法运营的虚拟资产服务提供商的信息移交给了调查机构。

Q韩国金融监管近期在加密货币报告制度上做出了什么重要修改?

A韩国废除了加密货币转账金额超过100万韩元(约合1百万韩元)才需报告的门槛规定,扩大了报告范围。同时,计划于2027年2月全面实施‘旅行规则’。

Q2025年,韩国金融情报部门(FIU)新批准的虚拟资产服务提供商数量与往年相比有何变化?

A2025年,韩国金融情报部门(FIU)仅批准了2家新的虚拟资产服务提供商运营,这比2024年批准的4家有所减少,且平均审批时间从11个月延长到了16个月。

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