美CFTC对Polymarket发起广泛调查,预测市场狂欢季要凉了?

Odaily星球日报Pubblicato 2026-06-30Pubblicato ultima volta 2026-06-30

Introduzione

美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)正对预测市场平台Polymarket展开广泛调查,涉及对其社交媒体活动等业务的审查。此次调查源于两位美国参议员联名致信,指控Polymarket存在付费KOL虚假营销等行为。此举可能为当前因世界杯而交易量激增的预测市场赛道带来监管寒意。 数据显示,预测市场近期增长迅猛,多个平台交易量创新高,并吸引了如Meta等巨头的关注。随着行业扩张,监管力度预计将加强,重点在于明确市场营销、合约内容等方面的边界,以保护投资者并与传统博彩区分。 同时,监管权责的博弈也浮出水面。CFTC与肯塔基等多个州就管辖权产生冲突,各州指控此类平台经营非法博彩,而CFTC则主张对相关衍生品合约拥有专属管辖权。争议背后涉及地方税收利益与新兴行业的监管定义。此外,传统交易所如芝商所(CME)也已起诉CFTC,反对其批准预测市场平台推出加密永续合约。 资本层面,特朗普家族成员小特朗普同时在Kalshi和Polymarket担任顾问并进行投资,其家族政治影响力也被认为与行业监管环境相关。分析认为,CFTC的调查可能是规范行业发展的必要步骤,预示预测市场将从野蛮生长进入更成熟的发展阶段。

原创|Odaily星球日报(@OdailyChina)

作者|Wenser(@wenser2010 )

Polymarket 的虚假营销还是引来了监管铁拳的注意。

近期,美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)对预测市场平台 Polymarket 进行广泛调查,涵盖其社交媒体活动等业务环节。此前,美国共和党参议员 John Curtis 与民主党参议员 Adam Schiff 联名致信美 CFTC 主席 Mike Selig,敦促其对 Polymarket KOL 付费虚假营销、使用欺诈性营销手段向美国受众推广博彩类产品等行为发起调查。

在世界杯推动预测市场交易量节节攀升的当下,此举或将为该赛道的发展泼下一盆冷水。更为重要的是,美 CFTC 对 Polymarket 的调查牵扯出的,是美国联邦与地方、官员与资本之间的利益冲突。(推荐阅读《WSJ:假网站、假交易、真推广,Polymarket 的流量骗局》)。

预测市场营销野蛮期结束,监管政策或步入深水区

如果说此前 Polymarket 借助大学生发布虚假盈利视频、付费 KOL 夸大预测盈利等事件是预测市场早期扩张的野蛮尝试,那么美 CFTC 的正式调查就是预测市场野蛮生长期结束的明证。

预测市场平台数据迎来爆发式增长,传统互联网巨头强势关注

时间进入 2026 年 6 月,伴随世界杯正式开赛,预测市场迎来了前所未有的关注,交易量随之节节攀升。

a16z crypto 数据显示,预测市场交易量已连续第三周创下历史新高,上上周全市场交易量首次达到 144 亿美元,较年初的约 50–60 亿美元大幅增长,而此前约 100 亿美元的历史高点仅在一周前刚刚刷新。从平台侧来看,其数据也迎来大幅增长:

  • 最新数据显示,Kalshi 单周名义交易量首次突破 100 亿美元。
  • Polymarket 官方表示,其年化营收已大幅超过 10 亿美元,这一进展距离其美国交易平台解除等待名单仅六周时间;数据显示,美国平台日交易量已从 5 月中旬约 5000 万美元增长至 6 月 20 日超过 2 亿美元(基于 Dune Analytics 数据)。
  • Robinhood 旗下预测市场平台业务增长迅速,年化营收已达 5 亿美元。Q2 季度截至 6 月 25 日,Robinhood 活动合约交易量约达 123 亿笔,按每笔合约 1 美分标准费率计算,预计该季度预测市场收入至少达 1.23 亿美元。而其近期推出的 Rothera 预测市场平台首周即实现超 9 亿笔交易量,为 Robinhood 带来近 60%的活动合约交易量增长。

如此亮眼的数据,也引来了美股巨头 Meta 的关注。据媒体消息,Meta CEO 扎克伯格已敦促公司探索与预测市场 Polymarket 和 Kalshi 的合作关系。与此同时,Meta 正在开发一款名为 Arena 的类似预测市场应用程序。

种种迹象显示,预测市场已从数年前的小众赛道,跃升为呈指数级扩张的热门行业。面对这一趋势,监管部门势必不会坐视不理,而Polymarket近期爆发的虚假营销事件,恰如一把恰到好处的“软刀子”,为监管介入提供了契机。笔者认为,后续监管部门或将逐步明确对预测市场平台在市场营销、事件合约内容及交易手续费等方面的监管边界,旨在强化投资者保护,并与传统博彩业务作出清晰区分。

与此同时,伴随调查的深入,以美国 CFTC 为代表的联邦监管机构与州级监管当局之间的权责博弈,亦逐渐浮出水面。

当美国 CFTC 与美国九州短兵相接:预测市场监管权力争夺战

上周二,美国 CFTC 正式对肯塔基州发起诉讼,试图重申该机构对预测市场平台的管辖权。

在提交至肯塔基东区联邦地区法院的诉状中,美 CFTC 表示,肯塔基州试图关闭受联邦监管的指定合约市场的行为,干预了国会为全国掉期市场设立的联邦监管体系。其主张对相关事件合约和预测市场产品拥有“专属管辖权”。

此前,肯塔基州起诉 Kalshi、Polymarket 等平台,指控其在州内运营未经许可的非法体育博彩和赌博业务。截至 6 月,已有包括肯塔基、纽约州等在内的超过 12 个美国州对 Polymarket 和 Kalshi 采取法律行动,指控其经营非法体育博彩,肯塔基已成为 CFTC 在预测市场监管争议中起诉的第九个州。

这一行动凸显了联邦衍生品监管与州级博彩监管之间的冲突正在继续升级。

二者争端背后的主因有二:

  • 其一,是州立地方的博彩行业税收等实际利益。此前,传统体育博彩为各地带来大量税收(如高税率在线博彩),如预测市场完全取代博彩行业,各州潜在税收损失或达每年数亿美元(一说为 6 亿美元左右)。
  • 其二,是博彩行业与预测市场作为新兴行业之间的监管边界定义。美 CFTC 要维护的,是将“事件合约”纳入商品衍生品、期货或掉期(swaps)的范畴,执行联邦法优先政策。

最终具体结果如何界定,或许有赖于各州法院乃至联邦最高法院对《商品交易法》(Commodity Exchange Act, CEA)的解读和判定。

此外,交易所与美国 CFTC 之间的战火也已燃起。此前 CFTC 曾通过 Kalshi 的永续期货交易申请,此举引发了芝商所 CME 对前者提起诉讼——

据悉,芝商所 CME 已在美国哥伦比亚特区联邦地区法院起诉美国商品期货交易委员会及其主席 Michael Selig。针对 CFTC 5 月 29 日批准预测市场平台 Kalshi 推出与比特币现货价格挂钩的永续期货合约等行为,CFTC 将带有到期日的“期货”作为“掉期”处理,违反美国国会指令及《商品交易法》,并请求法院撤销相关永续期货行动。CME 还称,Selig 在缺少五名委员完整小组的情况下单方面采取行动。

CFTC 发言人对此表示,CME 针对该机构及政府加密政策采取“法律战”,“提起诉讼的行为极为轻率”。(就差把“你的案子发起的太过草率”写脑门上了)

当然,也不怪 CME 如此跳脚,实在是美 CFTC 开放 Kalshi 加密永续合约交易的做法,算是让 Kalshi 等预测市场平台与 Coinbase、Kraken 等加密交易所侵入其“交易腹地”了。至于背后推动力量,或许也与特朗普家族有一定关系。

特朗普家族的预测市场“双边下注法”:小特朗普押注 Kalshi 与 Polymarket

日前,Kalshi 被爆出正洽谈以约 400 亿美元估值进行新一轮融资,交易最快可能于 Q3 完成。在 5 月刚完成 10 亿美元融资(投资方包括 Sequoia Capital、Andreessen Horowitz、Coatue 和 Morgan Stanley)之后,Kalshi 估值由之前的 120 亿美元抬升至 220 亿美元,而现在,这个数字即将翻倍。

Kalshi CEO Tarek Mansour 表示,公司正在考虑于不早于 2027 年末或 2028 年的时间进行 IPO。Kalshi 官方表示,截至 2026 年 4 月,其年化交易量达 1780 亿美元,同比增长 32 倍。

如此亮眼的市场数据与资本市场的高度热捧,很难说与特朗普家族门面人物之一的小特朗普(Donald Trump Jr)没有关系。

据了解,小特朗普在预测市场赛道可谓是“两边通吃”:

一方面,其于 2025 年年初在 Kalshi 担任付费战略顾问,还因此获得了约 30 万美元的公司股权,彼时 Kalshi 估值不足 20 亿美元,仅这笔投资就已获得超 10 倍收益;

另一方面,其还在 Polymarket 担任顾问,且通过其担任合伙人的风险投资公司 1789 Capital 对后者进行了战略投资。

加之特朗普此前曾多次强调联邦政府部门对预测市场的监管权力,并一度提及:“Kalshi 与 Polymarket 在他的领导下将会繁荣发展。”

一定程度上,资本与官方监管机构的利益冲突借此实现了缓和;而特朗普家族正是这一矛盾事件中的“最佳润滑剂”。

就此,一张连接美国 CFTC 等联邦监管机构、美国地方各州、特朗普家族投资机构的利益网络逐渐成型。

至于美 CFTC 对 Polymarket 的调查活动,或许只是规范预测市场行业的必经之路。

野蛮生长的“预测市场之春”即将落幕,而属于预测市场行业的“繁盛之夏”正在缓步到来。

Domande pertinenti

Q美国CFTC对Polymarket进行调查的直接诱因是什么?

A直接诱因是美国共和党参议员John Curtis与民主党参议员Adam Schiff联名致信CFTC主席,敦促对Polymarket KOL付费虚假营销、使用欺诈性营销手段向美国受众推广博彩类产品等行为发起调查。

Q根据文章,预测市场平台在2026年6月的交易量表现如何?

A预测市场交易量连续第三周创下历史新高,全市场交易量首次达到144亿美元,较年初的约50–60亿美元大幅增长。Kalshi单周名义交易量首次突破100亿美元,Polymarket美国平台日交易量从5月中旬约5000万美元增长至6月20日超过2亿美元。

Q美国CFTC与肯塔基等州在预测市场监管问题上的主要冲突是什么?

A主要冲突是联邦与州级监管之间的权力争夺。美国CFTC主张对预测市场产品拥有“专属管辖权”,将其纳入联邦衍生品监管;而肯塔基等多个州则起诉相关平台,指控其经营未经许可的非法体育博彩和赌博业务,这触及了州级博彩监管权和潜在税收利益。

Q芝商所CME为何起诉美国商品期货交易委员会及其主席Michael Selig?

A芝商所CME起诉CFTC,是因为CFTC批准了预测市场平台Kalshi推出与比特币现货价格挂钩的永续期货合约。CME认为CFTC将带有到期日的“期货”作为“掉期”处理,违反了美国国会指令及《商品交易法》,并指控Selig在缺少五名委员完整小组的情况下单方面采取行动,侵害了其作为传统期货交易所的利益。

Q文章中提到特朗普家族如何涉足预测市场行业?

A特朗普家族的小特朗普在预测市场赛道“双边下注”。他不仅在Kalshi担任付费战略顾问并获得了公司股权,还在Polymarket担任顾问并通过其风险投资公司对后者进行了战略投资。其父特朗普也多次强调联邦对预测市场的监管权力,并表态支持相关平台的发展。

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