以太坊百亿资金决战华尔街:传统金融秩序迎来终极挑战?

比推Pubblicato 2025-08-19Pubblicato ultima volta 2025-08-19

撰文:Isabelle Lee、Muyao Shen,彭博社

编译:Saoirse,Foresight News

原标题:以太坊巨头斥资数十亿进军华尔街:一场金融新秩序的博弈


译者前言:当 ETH 自 6 月以来飙升 75% 至近历史高点,一场围绕以太坊的资本盛宴正悄然向华尔街蔓延。在曼哈顿古老的银行大厅里,加密货币倡导者们宣告着新金融时代的到来 —— 这一次,主角不再是比特币,而是被视为「可编程账本」的以太坊。从持有超 60 亿美元 ETH 的企业,到试图将其纳入主流金融产品的机构,资本正押注以太坊不仅是投机工具,更可能成为连接华尔街与新技术的核心基建。这场「锁仓竞赛」背后,是对未来金融秩序的争夺,也是加密货币向传统金融体系发起的又一次冲击。

上周,这场在曼哈顿奇普里亚尼 42 街酒店宏伟厅堂内的聚会,正被加密货币支持者们赋予特殊意义。大理石柱与水晶灯下,他们宣告着一个超越比特币的全新金融时代已然来临。

2025 年 8 月 12 日,作为「Ethereum NYC 2025」大会系列之一的「NextFin NYC」活动现场。摄影:Isabelle Lee/ 彭博社

就在数日前,全球第二大加密货币 ETH 自 6 月以来暴涨约 75%,价格逼近历史峰值。此刻,在这座鲍威利储蓄银行的旧址里,数字资产领域的高管们齐聚一堂,既是为阶段性胜利庆功,也是向金融界发出清晰信号:以太坊绝非普通投机工具,而是未来货币体系的核心;企业若将其纳入资金储备,或将加速这一愿景的实现。

登台演讲的 BitMine Immersion Technologies 董事长 Tom Lee 便是这一理念的坚定推动者。这家在华尔街曾名不见经传的企业,如今持有价值超 60 亿美元的以太坊,其战略清晰而大胆:不止于持有以太坊,更要围绕它构建完整商业生态。Tom Lee 在公开发言中反复强调:「以太坊将是华尔街与人工智能的交汇点。」

这一论断看似激进,毕竟以太坊网络目前的主要活动仍围绕加密货币用户间的代币交易展开。但在 Tom Lee 眼中,其底层逻辑不言而喻:与比特币不同,以太坊不仅是一种货币,更是可编程的分布式账本。名为「智能合约」的软件程序能在其上自动运行,无需银行介入即可完成交易处理、利息支付或贷款管理等操作。

人们用它兑换加密货币、转移稳定币或获取加密抵押借贷,每笔操作都需支付以太坊作为手续费。依赖其基础设施的企业与项目越多,对以太坊的需求便越旺盛。若悄悄囤积以太坊的企业资金管理者判断正确,他们不仅能从价格上涨中获利,更能在未来金融体系成型前抢占架构先机。

尽管按链上交易额计算,以太坊仍是最活跃的区块链,但它正面临双重挑战:一方面,Solana 等竞争对手凭借更快速度与更低成本崛起(其价格今年创下新高);另一方面,市场始终缺乏持续入场的坚定买家。Tom Lee 与以太坊联合创始 Joe Lubin 认为,企业储备计划是解决需求问题的结构性方案 —— 通过锁定供应,为市场筑牢底部支撑。

「目前流通的以太坊仍数量庞大,」Lubin 在 7 月接受彭博社采访时表示,「这就像一场竞赛:如果我们和更多项目锁定大量以太坊,将极大改善供需格局。」

然而,这一愿景正遭遇另一种阻力:金融巨头们纷纷打造私有「区块链轨道」。稳定币发行商 Circle 正构建自有网络,通过降低费用、留存客户,绕开以太坊倡导的共享基础设施模式。若这种私有化趋势持续,以太坊可能被排除在自己渴望赋能的系统之外。据彭博终端报道,支付巨头 Stripe 也在采取类似行动。

企业储备以太坊的策略,直接借鉴了比特币最知名的推广者 Michael Saylor。2020 年,Saylor 将 Strategy Inc. 转型为准比特币 ETF,累计囤积价值 720 亿美元的比特币。比特矿场的规模虽小(仅占以太坊流通量的 1%),但野心不小:锁定足够多的资产,让稀缺性成为天然护城河。Tom Lee 预测,若华尔街大举入局以太坊项目,其价格可能从当前约 4300 美元飙升至 6 万美元。不过,Saylor 的成功恰逢加密货币历史性牛市,以太坊能否复制这一路径仍存疑问。

「Strategy 的 Michael Saylor 用四年时间证明,持有底层资产价值巨大;而通过以太坊储备策略,借助流动性良好的上市公司,能为股东创造远超底层资产本身的价值。」Sharplink Gaming 的 co-CEO Joseph Chalom 在彭博电视节目中表示。这位前贝莱德高管曾助力全球最大资管公司推出以太坊 ETF(代码 ETHA),如今 SharpLink 已累计持有超 30 亿美元以太坊。

支持者认为,数据对以太坊而言颇具优势:以太坊的发行量本就较低,且每笔交易手续费的一部分会被永久销毁,长此以往,其总量甚至可能缩减;而企业的长期储备行为,将进一步加剧这种稀缺性。但持怀疑态度者则指出另一种周期性风险:企业持有者买入时有多果断,抛售时就可能有多迅速,这或将放大市场的下行波动。

「加密圈青睐储备型企业,是因为觉得它们只会持续买入持有,」哥伦比亚商学院兼职教授 Omid Malekan 分析道,「但天下没有免费的午餐。多数人忽略了一种可能:未来若遇加密熊市,这些企业或许会开始抛售。」

相较于比特币,以太坊的一大优势在于「质押」机制 —— 锁定以太坊助力网络运行,即可获取收益。这使其从静态商品转向类似分红股票的收益型资产。但目前,主流 ETF 投资者尚无法直接获取这部分收益。

据 7 月监管文件显示,贝莱德正与其他发行商共同推动为 ETHA 产品添加质押功能,这意味着散户投资者有望通过单一产品同时获取价格收益与质押回报。该基金在一年多时间内规模已达 160 亿美元。

尽管以太坊生态活跃,它尚未渗透到日常金融场景:如支付、购物或储蓄,华尔街的许多代币化项目仍处于测试阶段。但 Tom Lee 认为转变已在发生:人工智能公司、支付企业与大型金融机构正率先在以太坊上构建应用。

「我看到多重趋势正将以太坊推向未来 10 至 15 年最重要的宏观交易风口。」他说。

如今,以太坊的支持者已从银行研究部门延伸至政治领域:与特朗普阵营关联的去中心化金融企业 World Liberty Financial 今年披露购入数百万美元以太坊;美国比特币公司(American Bitcoin Corp.,一家与特朗普家族相关联的比特币矿业公司)联合创始人 Eric Trump 公开为其涨势喝彩;渣打银行将年末目标价从 4000 美元上调至 7500 美元;方舟投资管理公司也上调了长期预期。

价格涨幅真实存在,企业持仓确凿无疑,信念也足够坚定。但对以太坊的真正考验并非能否继续上涨,而是能否站稳脚跟 —— 企业能否挺过下一轮暴跌,代币能否超越投机工具的定位。

「金融机构视以太坊为自然之选,」以太坊基金会执行董事 Tomasz Stańczak 表示,「他们清楚需要构建哪些产品、可优化哪些环节,以及在哪里能实现效率跃升。」

说明: 比推所有文章只代表作者观点,不构成投资建议

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