「加密周」突遇冷:众议院意外「卡壳」,特朗普喊话失灵

深潮Pubblicato 2025-07-16Pubblicato ultima volta 2025-07-16

当技术创新遇上政治博弈,加密货币的「合规化之路」注定不会平坦。

撰文:BitpushNews

本被视为加密货币行业在华盛顿的「高光时刻」——「加密周」,却在周二遇挫,由特朗普力推的三项加密货币监管法案,在程序性投票中意外「翻车」。

周二的投票结果定格在 196 票赞成,223 票反对。其中有 13 名共和党众议员与民主党人一同投下了反对票,联手阻止了这项决定法案辩论和推进的程序性动议。

这意味着,除非众议院再次通过相关议事规则,否则这些承载着行业希望的法案将无法进入实质性辩论环节。

「加密周」愿景:特朗普亲自督战

本周早些时候,华盛顿的加密行业情绪高涨,各方普遍预计这些法案将顺利过关。

特朗普本人也在其「Truth Social」平台上为「加密周」摇旗呐喊,将其描绘成美国在数字资产领域「无可争议的、头号领导者」的关键一步。他在社交媒体呼吁所有共和党众议员投下赞成票,坚信「GENIUS 法案将使我们伟大的国家领先中国、欧洲和所有其他国家数光年,他们正在无休止地追赶,但就是做不到。」

此次受阻的加密货币立法「套餐」中,包含三项对行业至关重要的法案:

  • GENIUS 法案: 这项关于稳定币监管的法案上月已在参议院获得部分民主党支持并成功通过。它旨在为稳定币提供明确的监管框架,被视为解锁更广泛机构采用的关键钥匙。

  • CLARITY 法案: 该法案旨在厘清数字资产的分类规则,明确哪些资产应由美国证券交易委员会(SEC)监管为证券,哪些应由商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)监管为商品,以结束长期困扰行业的「监管模糊地带」。

  • 阻止央行数字货币(CBDC)法案: 这项提案旨在禁止美联储创设中央银行数字货币,反映了部分议员对政府控制数字货币的担忧。

这些法案被视为美国在数字资产领域建立全面、可预测监管框架的基石,其通过本可为市场带来久违的确定性,吸引更多资本和创新。

共和党内部「异见」浮现

此次投票中最引人注目的,莫过于 13 名共和党众议员的「反水」。据 The Hill 报道,包括 Marjorie Taylor Greene、Chip Roy、Michael Cloud 和 Anna Paulina Luna 等多位共和党众议员投下了反对票。

佐治亚州的 Marjorie Taylor Greene 在社交媒体上公开解释了她的立场。

她表示,《GENIUS 法案》未能包含对中央银行数字货币(CBDC)的禁令,并且议长约翰逊不允许提交相关修正案。格林强调,特朗普在 1 月 23 日的行政命令中已包含 CBDC 禁令,因此国会也必须将其纳入《GENIUS 法案》,她认为「美国人不需要政府控制的中央银行数字货币」。

众议院议长约翰逊也因此陷入两难。在投票失败后,他表示共和党人「仍在进行对话,解答疑问」,试图安抚并争取这些保守派的支持。

然而他也坦言,将所有三项法案(特别是参议院已通过的稳定币法案,与强硬派要求的 CBDC 禁令法案)捆绑成一个「大礼包」是不可行的,一位资深共和党议员更直言:「打包表决只会让这些法案在参议院夭折。」这番话语,反映出共和党领导层在平衡党内不同派系诉求和确保立法可行性之间,所面临的策略困境。

后续投票悬念:是妥协还是僵局?

投票失败的消息传出后,与加密货币相关的股票应声下跌:稳定币发行商 Circle 股价下跌超过 7%,加密交易所 Coinbase 跌超 4%,数字资产公司 MARA Holdings 股价也下跌 2%。

众议院议长约翰逊已宣布希望于当地时间周三就加密法案重启程序性投票。这位路易斯安那州共和党人在离开国会大厦时向记者表示,党内仍在「持续沟通,解答议员疑虑」,并强调「这些加密法案是白宫、参议院和众议院的共同优先事项」。据福克斯新闻,特朗普本人对此投票结果表示很「生气」,正在与相关议员进行沟通。

即便如此,一些业内分析师仍对法案的未来持乐观态度。TD Cowen 政策分析师 Jaret Seiberg 在给客户的报告中指出:「我们很可能在明天(周三)再次对规则进行众议院投票。如果明天不发生,这可能要推迟到下周。」Seiberg 进一步表示,他仍然预计众议院将通过《GENIUS 法案》,原因在于「特朗普正在推动其生效」。他认为,即使众议院「自由党团」的成员们反对接受参议院版本的法案,最终也可能在总统的要求下做出让步。

Digital Chamber 首席执行官 Cody Carbone 同样对法案的最终通过抱有信心。他在社交媒体指出,解决禁止 CBDC 的最佳途径,正是通过《GENIUS 法案》:「如果议员们有兴趣禁止 CBDC 并与其他国发行的数字货币竞争,那么这样做的方式就是通过《GENIUS 法案》,并允许私营稳定币市场在美国蓬勃发展。」

此番波折印证了一个现实:在华盛顿,即便是总统力推的议程,也可能败给党内微妙的权力平衡。当技术创新遇上政治博弈,加密货币的「合规化之路」注定不会平坦。

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