RWA 赛道全面升温:Tether、Visa 争相布局,贝莱德 CEO 与 a16z 齐声看好代币化未来

marsbitPubblicato 2024-11-18Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-11-19

近期,随着特朗普赢得美国大选,加密市场热度上升,RWA 赛道频频迎来新动态。例如,11 月 14 日,Tether 宣布推出资产代币化平台 Hadron by Tether,而 Visa 也于 10 月初发布了代币化资产发行和管理平台 Visa Tokenized Asset Platform (VTAP)。

在监管政策逐步明朗化的背景下,行业内对代币化未来的乐观情绪也在增加。Bitfinex Securities 运营负责人 Jesse Knutson 近期指出,大型金融机构将成为代币化行业增长的主要推动力。而贝莱德(BlackRock)CEO Larry Fink 更是将金融资产代币化视为「未来发展的下一步」。


Tether、Visa 等巨头和平台争相布局,推出代币化平台

RWA 代币化的核心理念是将金融资产和其他有形资产铸造到不可篡改的区块链账本上,从而提升投资者的可及性,为这些资产提升流动性,创造更多交易机会,同时节约交易成本和提高安全性。

根据 rwa.xyz 的数据,截至 11 月 18 日,在 RWA 赛道总价值(Total Value)排名前 5 的发行商(不包含稳定币)分别为贝莱德(5.42 亿美元)、Paxos(5.06 亿美元)、Tether(5.01 亿美元)、Ondo(4.52 亿美元)、Franklin Templeton(4.1 亿美元)。

RWA 赛道正在随着加密市场的整体上涨而升温。11 月 14 日,稳定币 USDT 的发行商 Tether 宣布推出资产代币化平台 Hadron by Tether,可简化将各种资产转换为数字代币的过程。该平台允许用户轻松将股票、债券、商品、基金和奖励积分代币化。根据官方介绍,Hadron 旨在为个人、企业,甚至网络国家等利用代币化抵押品筹集资金开辟新的机会。Hadroon 不仅提供风险控制,资产发行和销毁、KYC 和反洗钱合规指导,还支持区块链报告与资本市场管理。

在技术上,Hadron 支持以太坊、Avalanche 和 Blockstream 的比特币扩容网络 Liquid,也将很快将添加 TON 网络和其他智能合约链。

与此同时,传统金融领域的巨头也不甘落后。Visa 于 10 月 3 日推出了 Visa Tokenized Asset Platform (VTAP),旨在简化代币化资产的发行和管理,包括代币化的存款、稳定币以及中央银行数字货币(CBDC)。通过 VTAP,金融机构可以利用 Visa 开发者平台提供的沙盒环境创建并测试其自有的法币支持代币。

在为机构提供支持的同时,一些项目也开始关注散户市场的潜力。10 月 8 日,欧盟代币化协议 Midas 向散户交易者开放 mTBILL 和 mBASIS 代币,据悉,该代币化公司获得了列支敦士登金融市场管理局的监管批准,可以向散户交易者开放这些基金,这使得 Midas 的现实世界资产 (RWA) 代币成为欧洲唯一不受 10 万美元最低投资限制的受监管加密工具。

另一方面,特定资产类型的代币化也正在吸引专业投资者的关注。10 月底,由石油和天然气特许权支持的代币化基金平台 Elmnts 在 X 上宣布其已在 Solana 上线公开测试版。Elmnts 是一个合规的投资基金代币化平台。这些基金得到矿权使用费的支持,即由基金拥有的土地上开采石油和天然气的公司所产生的收入支持。平台目前主要面向机构和高净值个人。

除此之外,DeFi 领域的参与者也在尝试通过与传统金融巨头合作,探索更多创新路径。今年早些时候,DeFi 协议 Ondo 还开始利用贝莱德美元机构数字流动性基金(BUIDL)代币化货币市场基金来开发其衍生产品。

资产

RWA 生态图景 来源:Tren Finance


监管预计趋于明朗,资管的第三次革命到来

全球咨询公司波士顿咨询集团(BCG)在 10 月 29 日的一篇论文中将 RWA 代币化称为「资产管理的第三次革命」。有观点认为,ETF 是资管 2.0 的核心,而代币化有则可能是资管 3.0 时代。波士顿咨询认为,预计在短短七年内,代币化基金的管理资产可能达到全球共同基金和 ETF 管理资产的 1%,这意味着到 2030 年,管理资产将超过 6000 亿美元;预计未来一段时间内这一趋势将继续,尤其是当受监管的链上货币(如受监管的稳定币、代币化存款和 CBDC)项目实现时。

而据 Tren Finance 10 月报告的预测更为激进,他们认为现实世界资产(RWA)代币化行业的规模到 2030 年可能超过 30 万亿美元,预计增长超过 50 倍。其迅速发展的背后,不仅有灵活的金融机构和主流金融机构的推动,更受到区块链技术进步与监管逐步清晰的助力。

在加密市场持续上涨的背景下,监管清晰度的提升为行业注入了新的信心。风投机构 a16z Crypto 在面向加密创始人在最近一篇官网帖子中指出:「好消息是,现在有一条与监管机构和立法进行建设性接触的途径,可以带来监管清晰度,你们都应该感到有能力探索区块链支持的所有突破性产品和服务,包括代币。」

该帖子特别指出,代币发行是创始人可以更有信心的一项活动:「对于你们中的许多人来说,由于担心监管过度,他们一直推迟使用代币来分配项目控制权和建立社区,现在你们应该对项目使用代币作为合法、合规的工具更有信心了。」

与此同时,Bitfinex Securities 运营负责人 Jesse Knutson 表示,大型金融机构将成为代币化行业显著增长的主要推动力。Knutson 表示,机构已经在推动加密行业的显著增长,而这种影响可能进一步延伸至代币化领域。

对 RWA 代币化的利好预期也得到了更多专业从业者的回应。全球最大资产管理公司贝莱德(BlackRock)CEO Larry Fink 近日表示,「金融资产代币化将是未来发展的下一步」。他指出,未来每一支股票和债券都将拥有独特的识别码(类似 CUSIP),所有交易将在统一账本上进行记录,投资者也将获得专属身份识别。Fink 表示,代币化不仅能有效防范非法活动,更重要的是可实现即时清算,显著降低股票和债券的结算成本。此外,代币化还将带来个性化投资策略的可能,并提升公司治理效率,确保每位股东能够及时、准确地行使投票权。将房地产、商品、葡萄酒或艺术品等现实世界的资产代币化意味着创建代表所有权的区块链代币,从而更容易交易这些传统上难以出售的资产。

具体而言,根据道富全球投资管理公司的一篇论文,债券由于其结构特点,预计将引领代币化现实世界资产的大规模采用。其报告表示,债券市场已成熟,适合采用代币化;这些工具的复杂性、发行成本的重复性以及中介机构之间的高度竞争,既支持了快速采用,也为产生重大影响提供了空间;区块链技术在重视交易速度的市场(如回购和掉期)中可以发挥重要作用。

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