Telegram 案的可怕结果:开发者有罪论

深潮Pubblicato 2024-09-02Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-09-02

尽管这些加密理想可能很珍贵,但执法当局似乎有意划定一条界限,打击有组织犯罪的优先度远高于所谓的加密行业精神。

撰文:Liam Kelly

编译:比推 BitpushNews Mary Liu

加密货币开发者真的需要小心了——他们很可能会因为自己的成果被他人使用而承担法律责任。

隐私专家表示,这就是本周法国对亿万富翁、Telegram 首席执行官帕维尔·杜罗夫 (Pavel Durov) 提出起诉的最糟糕结果。

监管机构试图让杜罗夫对 Telegram 平台上的非法活动负责,该案件将开发者对其产品如何使用的责任再次推到了聚光灯下。

加密钱包提供商 MetaMask 首席安全研究员 Taylor Monahan 告诉 DL News:「我的观点是, 如果把 Telegram 与 Tornado Cash 的情况结合来看,那简直就是双重打击。」

「这很可怕,因为它要求开发商承担责任,他们要提前预见并了解用户所做的一切,然后阻止他们这样做。」

巨额赌注

Telegram 否认了法国当局对杜罗夫的罪行指控,并表示其遵守欧盟法律。

此案涉及的风险巨大,尤其是对于加密货币而言。

总部位于迪拜的 Telegram 在全球拥有 9.5 亿用户,通过为数百万人和企业提供协作和交流的渠道,它已成为数字资产生态系统中不可或缺的一部分。

智能合约救不了他们,从一开始,该公司就宣称其对用户活动的「不问不说」方式是其商业模式的主要特征。

多年来,技术产品开发的结束和法律责任开始的界限一直很模糊。

此前在 3 月,荷兰一家法院判处加密货币混合器 Tornado Cash 的前开发人员 Alexey Pertsev 犯有 22 亿美元洗钱罪,随后他被判处五年监禁。

即使 Pertsev 本人没有直接洗钱,但这并不重要,只要他管理一个为此类活动提供便利的网站就足够了。

现在,39 岁的杜罗夫拥有法国和阿联酋双重国籍,也面临着类似的境地。

法国法院周三指控杜罗夫未能阻止犯罪分子利用这个流行的社交媒体平台实施儿童性虐待、贩毒和欺诈等各种罪行。

根据法国检察官的声明,Telegram 拒绝配合法国执法部门调查这些犯罪行为,并且拒绝提供信息。

言论自由

包括埃隆·马斯克在内的 Telegram 支持者纷纷将此案定性为对言论自由的破坏。毕竟,Telegram 的商业模式建立在这样一个理念之上:该平台是一个不受审查的开放思想市场,无论好坏。

但这种想法与长期以来的法律原则相冲突,该原则优先考虑与执法部门的合作,而不是商业模式、产品设计或智能合约等技术特性。

在这方面,加里·根斯勒 (Gary Gensler) 确实知道如何激怒行业。

此外,就商业模式而言,Tornado Cash 实际上可能处于更有利的地位,因为它是去中心化的,并且至今仍在运营。相比之下,Telegram 主要由 Durov 控制,更接近 Whatsapp 等传统模式。

区块链隐私公司 Nym Technologies 首席执行官 Harry Halpin 告诉 DL News:「WhatsApp 和 Telegram 都集中在一组服务器中,负责的公司对这些服务器拥有绝对的控制权。」

这使得管理层更容易审核非法或攻击性内容,以及关闭或审查账户。

「难以发现」

Halpin 表示,由于 WhatsApp 和 Telegram 不是开源的,这意味着它们的代码不公开可见,因此政府可能会监视用户。他说:「这很难被发现。」

尽管对国家监控的恐惧长期以来一直激发加密文化,但检察官似乎最终划出了一条红线。

在 Pertsev 的审判中,一名荷兰法官谴责该开发商没有回应有关当局寻求有关混币器非法行为的信息或行动。

MetaMask 首席安全研究员 Taylor Monahan 告诉 DL News:「这很可怕,大致相当于政府要求每个开发商从第一天起就成为一家高审查性的 Web2 公司。」

加密通道

对于一个以去中心化为荣的行业来说,Telegram 的角色至关重要。场外交易市场,例如 offx 和 SecondLane,直接内置于 Telegram 中。

新兴项目的传播和营销高度依赖 TG 群来接触受众,这款消息应用程序今年集成了加密钱包和应用内加密支付。

隐私项目 Firo 管理员 Reuben Yap 告诉 DL News:「Telegram 不再只是一个消息平台。」

随着案件的推进,Telegram 的命运和市场地位可能会发生转变。

Monahan 表示,此案已经造成了相当大的损失,她说:「这是一个非常糟糕的事情,将对个人自由和隐私造成不可估量的损害。」

尽管这些加密理想可能很珍贵,但执法当局似乎有意划定一条界限,打击有组织犯罪的优先度远高于所谓的加密行业精神。

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