Pantera合伙人:哪些业务场景可以发展出交易所?

币界网Pubblicato 2024-08-02Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-08-02

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原标题:Exchanges Everywhere All At Once

作者:Mason Nystrom,Pantera Capital合伙人,来源:作者博客Unsyndicated;编译:0xjs@

加密货币领域最常见、最成功的商业模式之一就是交易所。如果你已经涉足加密货币领域一段时间,这并不一定令人惊讶,但我认为在评估加密货币公司和协议时,交易所模式往往被低估。

交易所可以出现在各种各样的情况下,但通常会为某些资产或服务的交易创建场所,并创建处理这些交易的机制。

如今,我试着问这样一个问题:一个协议或业务如何才能成为交易所?对于某些企业来说,这是很清楚的,但对于其他企业来说,这需要一些想象力。

一个普遍的经验法则是——应用程序与交易的距离越近,一个新兴应用程序发展成为交易所的可能性就越大。这对于自己执行交易的应用程序(例如swap)来说是直观的,但对于处于堆栈优先位置(例如处于价值流中)或以 SaaS 产品开始但可以发展成为具有强大市场的平台的应用程序也是如此。

交易所在以下场景中具有良好的发展条件:

  • 链上涌现新资产

  • 应用程序控制分发并可以引入交易行为

  • 出现影响有价值的链上状态或以某种方式与交易相关的新服务

  • 加密游戏控制自己的资产发行并拥有开放的经济

  • 开发者平台可以引入服务市场或拍卖行进行交易

当链上涌现出新资产时

这可能是交易所即将出现的最明显的例子。Coinbase为比特币创建了一个市场。早期进入者如 Etherdelta 展示了市场对交易长尾代币的需求,尽管后来者Uniswap成为主导场所。新创建的资产 NFT(即 Superrare、Opensea)和衍生资产(如稳定币(例如 Curve)和 perps(即 Deribit、dydx 等))也是如此。

可以肯定的是,并非所有交易所都能成功或拥有类似的护城河。一些新资产(如 ERC 1155 或比特币序数)最受现有交易所(例如Magic Eden)的青睐,而不是新来者。基于新资产的交易所通常最有防御能力,因为它们具有流动性网络效应、控制终端用户分布或作为其交易的基础资产的特权发行人。

控制分发的应用程序

一般来说,控制终端用户分发可以让应用程序升级为交易所。Phantom 和 MetaMask 是钱包,但 MetaMask Swaps 的出现将所有钱包都变成了交易所。Telegram 机器人是交易所,但位于对用户更方便的地方——他们的 DM。Farcaster、Lens 和 Unlonely 等社交应用程序提供内置交易,用于在分发点交换资产——memecoin、NFT、积分等。同样,Solana blinks 现在为任何应用程序提供了一种模型,可以实现应用内交易并成为交易所。

未来,我预计会有更多专注于分发的应用利用类似于 Solana blinks、Farcater frames或 Lens open actions的原语提供应用内交易。从历史上看,web2 应用被迫引导用户在其他平台上进行交易,但现在区块链可以在分发点提供交易,这意味着所有应用都可以成为市场。

新服务市场

影响有价值的链上状态或以某种方式与交易相关的服务提供商有能力成为交易所。例如,预言机将外部数据(例如股票定价数据)带到链上,这可能会影响其他资产的链上价格,触发清算,或导致套利,从而产生预言机可提取价值(OEV) 的实例。像Pyth这样的预言机提供商通过创建将交易与预言机更新捆绑在一起的拍卖,并让人们为回滚交易的优先权付费,从而进入交易所模式。桥接和跨链互操作性服务自然充当交易所,通过类似地控制资产定价

更为新兴的是必须在链上提交的 ZK 证明市场和服务。因此,ZK 证明市场(例如 Gevolut)和聚合器(例如 Nebra)将不得不与交易和其他证明生成器竞争稀缺的区块空间。虽然证明服务正在兴起,但领先的提供商将受益于规模经济(更多证明 → 更多聚合 → 更便宜的证明 – 更多证明),这将有可能使这些服务市场成为有价值的交易所。

加密游戏

Web2 游戏和 Web3 之间的一个显著区别是转向具有可转让资产的开放经济。由于像 Axie 这样的加密游戏通常控制资产发行和速度(例如周转率),因此它们可以垂直化自己的游戏内交易所或以其他方式充当资产经纪人。这自然为 Web3 游戏提供了引入交易所业务的机会。

开发者平台作为市场或拍卖行

开发者平台不太明显,但受益于规模经济,并在堆栈中拥有优先地位,使其能够紧密接触交易。

Rollup 即服务提供商 (RaaS),例如 Conduit 和 Caldera,也具有通过创建自己的分片排序器将自己插入价值流的能力,这些排序器将成为 RaaS 支持的链的交易排序焦点。虽然共享排序器当然可以自己对区块进行排序,但它们也可以拍卖交易并捕获 MEV。

开发者基础设施的另一个核心部分是钱包即服务提供商(WaaS ,例如 Dynamic、Crossmint、Privy),它们能够跨应用程序连接用户资金,从而提供粘性用户和开发者体验。通过这种锁定,WaaS 提供商提供应用内交易、出入金交换,并可能提供类似的钱包交换插件功能。

随着加密经济的增长和所有资产在链上的转移,我们无疑会看到更多的交易所的出现。

交换无处不在,有些显而易见,有些则等待被发现。

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