将激活费用开关?Aave安全模块和AAVENomics有何更新和改进?

Odaily星球日报Pubblicato 2024-07-26Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-07-26

Introduzione

在 Aave 将激活费用开关机制消息传出后,AAVE 从 85 美元攀升至 100 美元上方,最高涨幅一度达到 20%。

编译&撰文:Karen,Foresight News

一则关于「Aave 可能启动费用开关机制并回购代币」的消息让 AAVE 价格从 85 美元攀升至 100 美元上方。同时,Aave-Chan Initiative 创始人 Marc Zeller 昨日发布「更新 AAVEnomics」的 TEMP CHECK 提案,提议启动「购买和分发」计划,从协议收入中在二级市场购买 AAVE 资产,并充实生态系统储备来奖励生态主要用户,同时,通过新的安全模块激活 Atokens 安全模块,并取消 GHO 借贷利率折扣和引入 Anti-GHO 生成和销毁机制,从而增强 AAVE 质押者与 GHO 借款人之间的利益一致性。除此之外,新提案还建议将当前的 AAVE 安全模块升级为新的「质押模块」。

Aave 新安全模块有何改进和更新?

在了解关于 Aave 潜在的费用开关机制之前,我们有必要先回顾 Aave 原来的安全模块和读懂 Aave 贡献方 Bgd Labs 提出的 Aave 安全模块新版本「Umbrella」。

事实上,Aave 早在 2020 年便推出了安全模块,允许 AAVE 和 AAVE/WETH Balancer LP 持有者抵押其代币并获得奖励,以增强协议的韧性与安全性。在协议遭遇如智能合约漏洞、清算风险或预言机故障等导致的 shortfall 事件时,锁定的部分代币可能被用于拍卖,以弥补潜在的损失,为协议构建额外的防护屏障。

目前,Aave 的安全模块主要运行于以太坊主网,截止撰稿时已累积了约 4.8 亿美元的资产,支持 AAVE、GHO 或 ABPT V2(Balancer AAVE + wstETH 流动性池代币)的质押,每日释放约 820 枚 AAVE 代币。根据官方规定,若发生资本损失,系统最多可动用 30% 的锁定资产进行补偿。若此金额不足以覆盖全部债务,将触发「Recovery Issuance」机制,即临时发行 AAVE 代币进行拍卖。

然而,Bgd Labs 指出,现有安全模块存在优化空间,如坏账处理效率低下、资本效率不高、削减机制缺乏透明度及灵活性、质押和削减完全基于以太坊等。为此,新安全模块 Umbrella 应运而生,并针对上述问题进行了以下几方面的改进:

一、添加新质押资产 stk aTokens:取消 stkAAVE 和 stkABPT 作为直接债务偿付(coverage)资产的能力,因为它们与 Aave 池上可能产生坏账的资产缺乏相关性,转而采用与 Aave 池内潜在坏账资产更为相关的 aTokens 作为质押物。

bgdlabs 认为,aToken 是最好的质押和可削减资产,当出现 aToken 被削减的情况时不需要出售来弥补赤字,只需要销毁即可,即销毁质押在 Umbrella 中的 aToken,销毁的数量为坏账数量。这样一来, 可以保持 aToken 供应量与可提取量的平衡。

二、网络与池级别的全面覆盖:为 Aave 在每个网络上的每个池都设置 Umbrella,确保全面的安全保障。

三、自动化快速削减机制:减少对人工治理提案的依赖,实现坏账产生时的即时自动补偿。

四、 新的激励体系:引入多重奖励和更复杂的算法,如 stk aUSDT 可同时获得来自生态系统储备的 AAVE 奖励及协议收入的 USDT 奖励,提升参与者的积极性。

此外,stkGHO 仍将在 Umbrella 中保留,但质押资产的种类与规则将更加灵活,以适应社区未来的需求变化。

Umbrella 安全模块将如何开始更新?

TEMP CHECK 提案表示,作为初始步骤,建议将 StkGHO 和 StkAAVE 安全模块的偿付范围分开,此举旨在明确区分两者的保护职责,特别是提升 StkGHO 安全模块的效率,以更有效地保障 GHO 稳定币的稳定性。具体而言,更新后的 StkGHO 安全模块将专注于抵御 GHO 债务相关的风险,并仅用于清除 GHO 的超额债务。

以太坊 StkGHO 将成为第一个采用 Umbrella 标准的安全模块。如果发生 shortfall 事件,可以在安全模块中销毁 GHO 来清除多余的债务,无滑点,也不会影响 GHO 锚定情况。

提案还规划了 StkGHO 安全模块奖励机制的逐步转型,旨在将资源逐步引导至潜在的 Umbrella StkGHO 安全模块,以适应未来发展的需要。

新 AAVENomics 将如何运行?

在 TEMP CHECK 提案中,新 AAVENomics 最大的改变是将当前的 AAVE 安全模块升级为新的「质押模块」,而非 Umbrella 的一部分,还将用协议收入从二级市场购买 AAVE 资产并将其分配给生态系统储备。这一措施不仅为二级市场上的 AAVE 资产引入了恒定的需求方,还增强了协议的长期可持续发展能力。具体措施包括:

一、建议不将 AAVE 安全模块纳入在 Umbrella 更新中,StkAAVE 将演变成一个质押角色,充当流动性接收器以及收集协议收入和其他协议收益产生的奖励的方式;

二、StkBPT 被排除在 Umbrella 安全模块之外,并任命 Aave 流动性委员会(ALC)来管理 AAVE 二级流动性,同时,引入由协议超额收入资助的「购买和分发」计划,提高预算效率,促进流动性的可持续补贴与精细化管理。

三、GHO 借贷利率折扣的取消与 Anti-GHO 代币的引入:Anti-GHO 是一种不可转让的 ERC-20 代币,用户线性积累 Anti-GHO,Anti-GHO 的产生与所有 GHO 借款人累积的利息成正比。StkAAVE 持有者可以销毁 Anti-GHO 来铸造 GHO,用于偿还自己的 GHO 债务或者接收 StkGHO,从而增强 AAVE 质押者与 GHO 借款人之间的利益一致性,并向一些 AAVE 质押者引入了部分 Aave 协议收入的收入分享。

四、激活 Umbrella Atokens 安全模块。Aave 协议的大部分债务都是 wETH 和稳定币。Aave 正在收集有关使用 awETH 和 aUSDC 启动 Umbrella Atoken 安全模块的反馈,建议 aTokens 安全模块主要以各自的 aTokens 进行奖励,由其各自的资产和相关资产的 Reserve Factor 提供资金。这些 Umbrella Atokes 安全模块的细节和预算会在 ARFC 阶段进行讨论。

五、启动「购买和分发」计划。随着高效 Umbrella 安全模块的引入,预计协议收入盈余将会增加。Aave 从协议收入中在二级市场购买 AAVE 资产,并充实生态系统储备来奖励生态用户。

将激活费用开关?Aave安全模块和AAVENomics有何更新和改进?

小结

众多项目的代币设计往往局限于治理功能,缺乏其他效用或应用价值,而 Aave 此番举措如同投入市场的一枚石子,激起层层涟漪,这是否能激励其他项目重新审视其代币的经济模型,推动其代币从单一的治理功能向承载收入分配或其他实际效用价值的角色转变?

然而,现实情况是,多数项目面临着缺乏额外可供分配收入的困境。不过,当头部 DeFi 协议如 Aave 激活「费用开关」机制时,其产生的示范效应不容小觑。这一行动不仅是对现有经济模式的一次探索,更是向整个市场发出了强烈的信号——代币的价值不应仅限于治理权,而应更多地与项目收益、用户利益紧密相连,这将促使市场参与者重新评估代币的潜在价值,激发对代币经济模型创新的深入思考。

参考:

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