市场现状反思:怪游戏规则不要怪参与者,大选与降息仍是催化剂

coinvoicePubblicato 2024-07-16Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-07-16

撰文:Tommy

编译:深潮 TechFlow

在 @EthCC 大会期间,我花了大量时间与严肃的建设者、风险投资公司 (VC) 和市场制造者进行一对一的交流。以下是我对当前行业状况的一些反思:

 

1.怪游戏规则,而不是参与者

 

「我们喜欢消费者应用,但今年我们成交的项目中有 90% 是基础设施项目。」很多建设者和风险投资公司都认为,我们有太多人在构建基础设施,而缺乏真正有用户的消费者应用。大多数我交谈的风险投资公司都表示对消费者去中心化应用 (dApps) 感兴趣。然而,看看最近的融资公告,不难发现市场仍然以基础设施项目为主。

这是一个很难归咎于任何单一利益相关者的恶性循环:

  • 项目和风险投资公司希望在流动性好的大型中心化交易所 (CEX) 上市
  • 中心化交易所希望通过营销活动(高完全稀释估值,FDV)和顶级支持者提供良好激励的项目上市
  • 基础设施项目由于建设所需的资源而具有估值溢价,因此更多的资本投入到这些项目中,形成了一个循环。

 

2.VC 对高完全稀释估值 (FDV) 早期轮次投资的兴趣下降

 

自去年第四季度以来,项目估值显著上升。许多私人融资或 A 轮融资的项目估值超过 10 亿美元 FDV,尤其是与 AI 相关的项目。

另一方面,最近的大多数大规模启动项目表现平平(如 $BLAST 低于 20 亿美元;$ZK 和 $W 为 30 亿美元;$ZRO 为 40 亿美元)。整体山寨币市场疲软,许多 VC 支持的项目交易的 FDV 已低于最后一轮私人融资。

在当前的市场环境下,VC 获得 50-100 倍回报的机会几乎不可能。更不用说,VC 还受到锁定期限制(约 1 年锁定 + 2-3 年归属期)。这些项目可能需要在下一个熊市中生存,并与更多新项目竞争,这些新项目由于行业的短注意力特性而能够迅速吸引用户。

因此,更多的 VC 正在寻找流动性策略(如果他们的投资策略允许),或者以显著折扣进行场外交易 (OTC),相对于最后一轮估值(或当前 FDV 如果项目正在交易中)。对于拥有更多资源的 VC,他们正在孵化由前员工创办的项目,以确保他们是最早期的投资者,获得更高的回报潜力。

许多 VC 分析师和研究合作伙伴正在转向加入新兴的一级或二级区块链 (L1/L2) 生态系统,或创办自己的项目。相比投资,直接参与项目开发似乎是一个更高预期价值 (EV) 的选择。一个优势是,他们可以利用自己的经验和人脉为所参与的项目筹集资金,因为他们深知 VC 的关注点和需求。

此外,山寨币整体表现不佳导致有限合伙人 (LP) 基金的已分配资本回报率 (dpi) 较低。如果无法提供强劲的业绩记录,就很难为新基金筹集资金。这些基金中的一些已经在去年花费了大部分资本,即使现在出现有吸引力的投资机会,他们也没有剩余资金可用。

 

3.新瓶装旧酒

 

那些没有如预期般流行的概念被重新包装成新的形式。例如,Intent 曾一度是热门话题,但很快被去中心化自治组织 (DA) 和再质押 (restaking) 等概念取代。

许多项目现在将自己重新品牌为「链抽象」或甚至「AI」,尤其是那些嵌入了一些大语言模型 (LLM) 或算法元素的意图驱动项目。

此外,大多数去中心化物联网 (DePin) 项目已经在其品牌策略中加入了「AI」元素,以吸引风险投资公司的关注。

这种现象类似于上一周期的安全代币化项目在这一周期中变成了现实世界资产 (RWA)。

我认为,重新品牌化并没有错,找到市场认可的叙事并不容易。然而,市场仍在等待下一个全新的叙事,而不是旧概念的重新包装。

 

4.不是所有的叙事都是「可投资的」

 

热门叙事和热门垂直领域之间存在区别。

账户抽象 (Account Abstraction) 是一个热门叙事,它提供了更好的用户体验。但这并不是一个垂直领域,而是一种将嵌入不同应用场景中的功能,例如从钱包到游戏,从去中心化金融 (DeFi) 到社交金融 (SocialFi)。你仍然需要一个具体的产品来销售,也就是说,不会有一个项目仅仅说「我们做账户抽象」,而是「我们创建了一个支持账户抽象的钱包」或「带有账户抽象功能的游戏」等等。

仅仅追逐热门叙事而不分析其所在的垂直领域(产品)对风险投资公司来说是危险的,因为你可能会在错误的垂直领域投资最热门的叙事。

 

5.做市商并非高枕无忧

 

做市商的确可以是一项有利可图的业务,但由于一些美国玩家因监管问题退出市场,新玩家不断涌入,这个领域变得更加竞争激烈。

一些做市商为了赢得交易,不惜进行价格战。在期权模式下(大多数做市商偏好的模式),做市商从项目团队借入 Token 用于卖单,同时需要投入稳定币用于买单。这要么需要大量资本(如果使用自有资金),要么成本高昂(如果从其他地方借款并支付利息)。因此,期权模式对做市商来说并不是「无成本」的。

要赢得交易,做市商需要具备以下几点:i)良好的关系和声誉,ii)有吸引力的提案,iii)为客户提供增值服务。

项目团队也越来越了解不同的做市商,因此做市商在谈判中的信息不对称优势正在消失,市场竞争愈发激烈。

 

6.市场催化剂(ETF、选举、利率)

 

大多数人都在等待 ETH ETF 上市,希望其价格走势能像 BTC ETF 上市后那样上涨。

与 BTC ETF 不同,人们希望 ETH ETF 能成为以太坊相关代币的强大催化剂。

还有人期望在 ETH 之后,会有更多山寨币 ETF 获得批准(下一个可能是 SOL ETF?)。

如果更多山寨币 ETF 获得批准,那么项目的最终目标将是获得 ETF 批准,而不是在顶级中心化交易所 (CEX) 上市。这将彻底改变市场对旧代币的看法。

另一个市场催化剂是美国大选,人们希望能够选出一个对加密货币友好的政权和有利的政策制定者。

预计今年会有一次降息,2025 年可能会有更多降息。这将为加密货币市场带来更多流动性。

尽管目前市场状况有些平淡,但大多数人对未来 2-3 个季度的前景持乐观态度。大家的情绪是保持冷静,不要过于急躁,但充满信心和期待。


声明:本内容为作者独立观点,不代表 CoinVoice 立场,且不构成投资建议,请谨慎对待,如需报道或加入交流群,请联系微信:VOICE-V。

来源:Tommy

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