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After 6 Quarters of Calling for Rate Cuts, Rate Expectations Are Instead Moving Upwards

In September 2024, the Federal Reserve began its rate-cutting cycle, projecting a median federal funds rate of 3.4% by the end of 2025—implying four additional cuts. However, six quarters later, the March SEP (Summary of Economic Projections) reveals a significant shift: the rate now stands at 3.50%-3.75%, 25 basis points higher than initially expected. The median projection for 2026 has also risen from 2.9% to 3.4%. The Fed’s internal consensus has fractured. Out of 19 FOMC participants, seven now expect no rate cuts in 2026, while seven anticipate only one cut. This 7:7 split reflects a fundamental disagreement over the direction of monetary policy, moving from debates over the magnitude of cuts to whether cuts should occur at all. Persistent inflation is the core issue. The Fed has consistently revised its PCE inflation forecasts upward over the past six quarters, with the 2026 projection now at 2.7%—up 0.6 percentage points from initial estimates. Core PCE, a key indicator of underlying inflation, was revised up sharply to 2.7%, signaling entrenched price pressures. Despite slightly raising its GDP growth forecast to 2.4% and holding unemployment steady at 4.4%, the Fed’s unchanged median rate projection conflicts with its own rising inflation outlook. Market expectations remain more dovish, pricing in around 50 basis points of cuts, but the Fed’s internal division and consistent underestimation of inflation suggest continued uncertainty. The central bank is effectively chasing reality, with no clear consensus on the path ahead.

marsbit03/19 02:30

After 6 Quarters of Calling for Rate Cuts, Rate Expectations Are Instead Moving Upwards

marsbit03/19 02:30

Powell: Weakening Employment, Inflation Still High, No One Talks About Rate Hikes Now

In his latest address, Federal Reserve Chair Powell highlighted a noticeable cooling in the U.S. labor market, marked by slower hiring and reduced layoffs, declining challenges in recruitment, and diminished household expectations for job opportunities. The unemployment rate has risen to approximately 4.4%, with employment gains significantly weaker than at the start of the year. This slowdown stems partly from reduced labor supply—due to decreased immigration and lower participation rates—but also reflects weakening labor demand itself. On inflation, core PCE remains at 2.8% year-on-year, above the long-term 2% target. While goods inflation has edged up due to tariffs, service inflation continues to moderate. Although overall inflation has declined substantially from its 2022 peak, it has not yet reached a level that fully assures the Fed. The FOMC responded by cutting rates by 25 basis points and initiating short-term Treasury purchases to maintain ample reserves and ensure effective policy transmission. Powell emphasized that, with rising employment risks and persistently elevated inflation, there is no "risk-free" policy path. The Fed must carefully balance its dual mandate constraints. He noted that interest rates are nearing a neutral range, and future policy decisions will be data-dependent, avoiding preset directions and instead being assessed meeting by meeting based on economic conditions and risks.

marsbit12/11 04:02

Powell: Weakening Employment, Inflation Still High, No One Talks About Rate Hikes Now

marsbit12/11 04:02

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