亚洲双城记:香港与新加坡的RWA赛道角逐

coinvoicePublicado a 2025-09-27Actualizado a 2025-09-27

2025年9月,亚洲两大金融中心几乎在同一周亮出了各自的代币化底牌。香港金管局宣布第三批Ensemble沙盒扩容至绿色债券、碳信用和私募基金三大类资产。而新加坡金管局则正式放行REITs直接上链交易,并向散户开放了投资门槛降至10美元的交易渠道。

这场同步发生的“沙盒竞赛”背后,是香港与新加坡对现实世界资产(RWA)代币化未来走向的不同诠释。随着全球RWA市场的快速发展,香港与新加坡的路径选择不仅关乎自身定位,更将影响全球资本在亚洲的流向。

政策推进:Ensemble项目与代币化基础设施

根据中国证券网9月17日报道,香港特区行政长官李家超在最新的施政报告中进一步明确了代币化市场的发展路径。金管局将继续推进Ensemble项目,具体包括推动商业银行推出代币化存款并与真实代币化资产(如代币化货币市场基金)进行交易结算,同时协助政府将代币化债券发行恒常化,并通过监管沙盒鼓励银行加强风险管理。

此外,报告还提出将丰富黄金投资工具,支持发行黄金基金及开发代币化黄金投资产品。Ensemble项目的核心目标是通过沙盒试验,让业界在实际业务场景中探索利用区块链技术建立新一代金融基础设施,被香港证监会行政总裁梁凤仪视为推动代币化生态系统规模化发展的关键架构。

回顾2024年施政报告,代币化已是重点议题。金管局当时正通过Ensemble项目沙盒试验电子提单代币化,以降低贸易融资中的欺诈风险。根据金管局总裁余伟文透露的数据,截至2025年7月中,香港已有22家银行获准销售数字资产相关产品,13家银行可销售代币化证券,5家银行提供数字资产保管服务。2025年上半年,银行数字资产相关产品及代币化资产交易总额达261亿港元,同比大幅上升233%,并已超过去年全年总额,显示出强劲的增长势头。

香港策略:锚定内地资产池的闭环生态

香港的RWA策略带有鲜明的制度设计与主权背书特征。金管局通过“常青计划”已协助政府成功发行两批大规模代币化绿色债券,2024年2月发行的多币种债券总值达60亿港元,极大提升了结算效率,将T+5的结算周期缩短至T+1。这一效率的提升不仅证明了代币化的实际效益,还为香港作为绿色金融中心增添了新筹码。

在此基础上,香港进一步将Ensemble沙盒扩容至绿色债券、碳信用和私募基金等领域。这不仅仅是规模的扩大,更是推动香港金融生态从传统走向数字化与全球化的一大步。具体的项目包括汇丰、渣打与蚂蚁数科联合进行的10亿美元绿色债券链上发行,以及京东科技与Sui公链合作将巴西光伏项目的绿证拆分为链上凭证,标志着香港在绿色金融及跨境融资领域的创新与领先。根据新浪财经在2025年9月14日的报道,这些举措进一步巩固了香港在国际可持续金融领域的领先地位。

值得注意的是,9月14日,香港财政司司长陈茂波在财政司官网发表《司长随笔:共铸全球可持续未来》,他在文中表示所有沙盒项目必须接入港元稳定币结算。这一规定远非技术性的决策,而是香港构建数字金融基础设施的核心要素。通过构建以港元稳定币为核心的结算层,香港确保了未来市场规模化发展时,其核心结算层将牢牢掌握在金管局手中,这一战略思路无疑是在全球RWA代币化领域为香港奠定了长期竞争优势。

新加坡路径:开放零售与跨链标准

与香港的“闭环”思维不同,新加坡选择了截然不同的开放路径。新加坡金管局主导的“守护者计划”(Project Guardian)最鲜明的特征是其“广邀宾客”的协作模式。该计划汇集了超过40家全球顶级金融机构以及英国金融行为监管局、日本金融厅等国际监管伙伴,展现出构建开放生态系统的雄心。

据《联合早报》2025年9月报道,新加坡金融管理局(MAS)放行了REITs直接上链交易,并允许散户参与,将最低认购额从5000新元大幅降至10美元。这一举措不仅显著降低了投资门槛,更在机构与零售市场之间架起了桥梁,标志着新加坡在数字资产市场的开放性上迈出实质性一步。此类政策有效降低了参与壁垒,提升了市场流动性,进一步增强了全球投资者对新加坡市场的信任与参与意愿。

政策红利之下,市场创新迅速跟进。例如,据CoinDesk8月21日报道,新加坡最大的商业银行星展银行已在以太坊公链上发行代币化结构性票据,将传统10万美元的投资门槛降至1000美元。这一创新为投资者提供了更丰富的资产选择,也让更多零售投资者得以参与到传统金融工具的数字化与全球化进程中。

在技术层面,新加坡发布了《资产代币化技术白皮书》2.0,并向国际清算银行提交了“跨链互操作”三层架构,意图通过这些举措让新加坡成为全球资产代币化的标准枢纽。MAS的战略目标是使新加坡成为一个中立、可信的枢纽,让不同的数字资产网络在此交汇互通。

市场回应:机构用脚投票的差异化布局

随着香港与新加坡两地政策的逐步落地,市场已经做出了直接的回应。金融机构正在根据自身业务特性,选择最符合其战略布局的市场。汇丰便采用了双总部运作模式,在香港协助佛山城投把3亿美元绿色债券搬上链,同时在新加坡托管REITs并冲刺年内10亿新元的目标。根据2025年9月14日新浪财经的报道,这种分工体现了机构对两地优势的清晰认识:香港适合内地关联的机构资产,而新加坡则更适合面向全球的零售产品。

蚂蚁数科的布局更具战略灵活性:在香港获取了1、4、9号牌照专门处理“内地资产—香港发行”业务,而在新加坡则申请支付牌照充当XSGD结算通道,这种布局反映了企业应对不同市场需求的精准策略。

摩根大通Onyx则选择在监管透明、标准易输出的新加坡开展零售级REITs业务,而在香港则仍停留在机构试点阶段,以避开外汇与稳定币方面的不确定性。招银国际美元货币市场基金通过多链部署完成RWA代币化,成为全球首只港新互认基金上链的案例,这一创新尝试结合了香港的资产优势与新加坡的技术平台,为双城合作提供了新范式。

未来展望:竞争还是互补?

表面上,香港与新加坡正在进行一场激烈的竞速,实质上则是“合规+资产”与“标准+技术”两种金融哲学的碰撞。短期来看,香港凭借内地资产池深度及2026年港股通代币化的提前推动,可能在较短时间内占据领先地位;而新加坡凭借其零售市场的广泛参与度和跨链标准的前瞻性布局,也有可能凭借国际化优势实现后来居上。

从中长期来看,资产端与标准端必然会融合。香港有望成为内地优质资产的全球数字发行平台,而新加坡则可能成为跨链标准和零售分发的核心枢纽。最终的赢家不会仅仅是某一个城市,而是率先跑通“资产—标准—资金”闭环的生态。

对于投资者而言,选择赛道比选择城市更为关键。偏好高收益的基金可能倾向于香港,而求稳求流动性的全球资产管理公司则可能将新加坡作为其RWA试验田。

随着技术的不断进步,AI与区块链的“双螺旋”正在驱动RWA的基础设施重构。蚂蚁数科推出的Layer2链支持10万TPS交易,使“毫秒级可信交易”成为可能;Chainlink DECO协议结合零知识证明技术,在保护隐私的同时验证链下资产的真实性,为RWA代币化的发展提供了新的技术支撑。

随着技术和市场的不断演进,数字金融的疆域正重新绘制。香港与新加坡的探索犹如两条并行的

河流,终将汇入同一片海洋。未来十年,我们或许将看到的不是某一城市的胜利,而是一个互联互通的全球RWA生态的诞生。


声明:本内容为作者独立观点,不代表 CoinVoice 立场,且不构成投资建议,请谨慎对待,如需报道或加入交流群,请联系微信:VOICE-V。

来源:RWA研究院

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