比特币生态热度不减,老项目们如何借势重焕生机?

Odaily星球日报Publicado a 2023-12-20Actualizado a 2023-12-20

Resumen

比特币生态是今年的主流叙事,老项目如何在比特币生态扩展业务,Bounce、Nostr、ALEX、Magic Eden、Uniswap走在了前列。

原文作者:蒋海波,PANews

比特币的兴起与铭文生态的蓬勃发展构成了今年加密货币世界的主流叙事。比特币的上涨得益于链上生态的繁荣、现货 ETF 的通过预期、减半预期以及美联储的降息预期,同时受到机构投资者入场的巨大推动,这些因素共同促成了其在今年的显著增长。

此外,铭文生态,尤其是以 Ordinals 为代表的非同质化代币(NFT)和同质化代币(FT),不仅为比特币生态系统带来了新的活力和关注点,也外溢到其它公链,几乎所有头部公链都开发了一套铭文玩法。旧的项目不断加入,借势重焕生机。

Bounce 的比特币生态项目拍卖与 Layer 2 

Bounce Finance 是一个拍卖即服务(AaaS)协议,为项目提供一站式的代币发行服务。该平台支持多种区块链网络,为用户提供创建和参与各种类型拍卖的能力,包括代币和 NFT 拍卖、实物收藏品拍卖、广告位拍卖等。

比特币生态热度不减,老项目们如何借势重焕生机?

近期,Bounce 上线了几个比特币生态项目的拍卖,一开始估值都比较低,后续的拍卖又可以用到前面项目的代币作为“铲子”,因此这些项目的表现都不错。由于自己的原生代币 AUCTION 也是拍卖中的金铲子,也导致 AUCTION 的价格走高。

以最近一期拍卖 GoDID 为例,GoDID 是去中心化身份 (DID) 的市场聚合器,为 ENS、Space ID 和比特币 Ordinals DID 提供服务。GoDID 的代币为 BDID,其中 20% 分配给使用 AUCTION 购买抽奖券的用户, 40% 分配给 AUCTION 质押者, 20% 分配给前一期 Launch 项目 BitStable 所发行的美元稳定币 DAII 的质押者, 5% 分配给使用 MUBI、BSSB、AUCTION、WBTC 的空投挖矿参与者,其中 MUBI、BSSB 均为前几期的拍卖项目。

12 月,Bounce 还宣布了一个专为比特币生态系统设计的区块链解决方案 BounceBit,这是一个基于币安比特币 BTCB 和 AUCTION 的比特币 Layer 2 ,这一产品计划于 2024 年推出。

Uniswap 扩展到 Rootstock

Uniswap 是一个领先的去中心化交易所(DEX),随着时间的推移,Uniswap 已推出了多个版本,也扩展到了多条链上。

上周,GFX Labs 通过 Oku 将 Uniswap V3部署到了比特币侧链 Rootstock 上,这一举动也被视为 Uniswap 向比特币生态的扩展。GFX Labs 获得了 Uniswap 基金会的资助,用于构建基于 Uniswap V3的交易前端 Oku。Oku 具有订单簿、价格走势图表、交易记录、限价订单等功能。

比特币生态热度不减,老项目们如何借势重焕生机?

Rootstock(RSK)是一个基于比特币网络的侧链,与以太坊虚拟机(EVM)兼容,通过与比特币的合并挖矿来保障安全性,有与比特币 1: 1 锚定的 SBTC。RSK 引入了一个联合保证人模型,这是一组被社区信任的实体,负责管理从比特币到 RSK 的资产转移。这些保证人提供了额外的安全层,确保资产在两个网络之间安全地转移。

截至 12 月 19 日,Oku 上的流动性为 53.5 万美元。

NFT 市场 Magic Eden

Magic Eden 是一个主要针对 Solana 区块链的 NFT 市场。它在 Solana 生态系统中具有较大的影响力,提供了一个用户友好的界面,使艺术家、收藏家和 NFT 爱好者能够轻松买卖和探索 NFT。它的特点包括低交易费、高速交易和多样化的 NFT 藏品,这使得它成为 Solana 生态系统中最受欢迎的 NFT 市场之一。

今年 3 月,伴随着 Ordinals NFT 的兴起,Magic Eden 宣布扩展到比特币生态,作为其多链愿景的重要一步,这进一步加强了其在多链 NFT 市场的地位。

如下图所示,如今 bitmap、Bitcoin Frogs 等比特币生态 NFT 的交易额也在 Magic Eden 中位于前列。

比特币生态热度不减,老项目们如何借势重焕生机?

Nostr 去中心化社交与小额支付的结合

Nostr 是一个去中心化社交协议,得到了推特联合创始人 Jack Dorsey 的支持。它的概念起源于 2020 年 11 月,旨在建立一个全球性、去中心化、抗审查的通信网络。

今年 9 月,Nostr 进行了 NIP-57 升级,增加了小额支付功能“Zaps”,允许用户通过 Nostr 客户端进行小额打赏或支付,从而能在 Nostr 生态系统中实现快速、低成本支付。Zaps 主要通过闪电网络(Lightning Network)实现,其过程高效且成本较低。

比特币生态热度不减,老项目们如何借势重焕生机?

用户在 Nostr 客户端发起 Zap 请求后,如果接收方的闪电钱包支持 Zaps,LNURL 服务器会响应并确认接收方的公钥。接着,客户端随后会创建一个 Zap 请求,包含了支付中的关键数据,LNURL 服务器会回应并提供所需的发票。一旦用户完成支付,就会直接将金额支付给接收方的闪电钱包。

到目前为止,Zap 的付款数量已超过 5 万笔。

ALEX 的 B 20 和预言机

ALEX 原本就是 Stacks 上的一个 DeFi(去中心化金融)平台。它的主要产品是一个 DEX,还有 Launchpad、跨链桥、质押、挖矿、彩票等功能。DefiLlama 数据显示,ALEX 的 TVL 为 3880 万美元,约占 Stacks TVL 的 82.3% 。如果仅以一个公链头部 DEX 的定位进行评判,那么 ALEX 的估值是很受限制的,尤其是流动性和交易量也不高。

在铭文火爆之后,ALEX 开发了一个名为 B 20 的去中心化交易所,专门用于交易 BRC 20 代币,ALEX 还为新加入者提供了 STX 代币以支付生态系统的燃料费。在 B 20 中,这些 BRC 20 代币可以用 sUSDT 作为基础货币进行交易,sUSDT 是从 BNB 链跨链到 Stacks 的 USDT。

比特币生态热度不减,老项目们如何借势重焕生机?

此外,ALEX 还计划推出针对 BRC 20 代币的首个比特币预言机,这项工作是与 BRC 20 的创造者及 ALEX 顾问@domodata 以及包括 BestinSlot、OKX、Hiro、Unisat 等在内的关键现有链下索引器一起进行的。它希望利用 Stacks 的可编程性和读取比特币状态来引领 BRC 20 索引的去中心化共识,也被称为“索引器的索引器”。比特币预言机的目标是验证每个 BRC 20 事件,并更新去中心化的、链上合约中的全球余额。

各个公链铭文争鸣

以 Ordinals 为代表的铭文在比特币上盛行,ORDI 和 SATS 的市值均超过 10 亿美元。Ordinals 等项目允许用户将数据(如文本、图像等)附加到交易的特定部分,从而将这些数据与特定的“聪”关联起来。当这样的交易被打包到区块链上时,特定的聪就携带了用户附加的数据。这些特定的聪可以被视为独特的数字资产,用户可以将它们交易给别人,从而实现特定资产的转移。

如果说铭文让原本不支持智能合约的比特币新增了一种资产发行方式,那么在其它链上流行的铭文是否还有意义呢?具不完全统计已发布和准备发布铭文的公链超过 30 个,如以太坊的 ETHS、Solana 的 SOLS、Avalanche 的 AVAV,铸造铭文的过程甚至导致 ArbitrumTONIOST 等多个网络短时出现宕机。

12 月 19 日晚,Injective 上首个铭文 INJS 的铸造引发了一场闹剧。由于 INJS 的每次铸造都需要向合约部署者支付 0.03 INJ 的费用,该项目引起了铭文玩家的不满。当 INJS 开始铸造时,Injective 官方推特发布推文让用户不要参加,并称该铭文团队收取费用的做法并不恰当。之后 INJS 宣布停止铸造,后续将让用户免费参与。这也反应了用户对铭文免费启动(Free Launch)的追求。

智能合约链上的铭文转移和通过智能合约转账有什么区别呢?以以太坊上的铭文项目 Ethscriptions 为例,Ethscriptions 的转移手续费相比普通的智能合约转账可能会更低,因为它们通过使用 calldata 和避免传统的智能合约存储和执行来减少交易成本。这使得 Ethscriptions 成为执行区块链上操作的更经济有效的方式。

但是绕过传统的智能合约存储和执行可能会引入新的安全漏洞或不可预见的行为,特别是在处理复杂的数据结构或逻辑时。另外,如果仅使用 calldata,Ethscriptions 可能无法利用智能合约提供的所有功能和灵活性,可能限制它们在某些应用中的实用性。

小结

在比特币生态的发展中,Bounce 独特的拍卖玩法带来了很好的造富效应,还计划开发比特币 Layer 2 ;Nostr 将去中心化社交与小额支付结合;ALEX 开发了 BRC 20 交易市场,还计划推出首个去中心化比特币预言机;Uniswap 和 Magic Eden 分别将交易业务扩展到了比特币生态。

铭文成功扩展到了几乎所有值得关注的公链,对于比特币这样的非智能合约链,铭文更为重要;对于以太坊,铭文减少了传统智能合约中的链上存储和执行成本,但也可能引入新的安全问题,功能性也不如智能合约灵活。

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