链上游戏的未来:可定制性、治理与身份

DeFi之道Published on 2022-09-01Last updated on 2022-09-01

Abstract

创建具有广泛主流吸引力的加密游戏,同时通过精心设计的激励结构、可持续经济和平台提供卓越的用户体验是至关重要的。

创建具有广泛主流吸引力的加密游戏,同时通过精心设计的激励结构、可持续经济和平台提供卓越的用户体验是至关重要的。

加密游戏仍处于起步阶段。区块链可扩展性和基础设施的最新进展现允许完全在链上构建新的游戏类型,这为加密经济以及更广泛的去中心化生态系统的集成开辟了道路。随着加密游戏成长为一个行业,玩家和开发者都将从去中心化经济的经济模型、激励结构以及身份和协调原语中受益。

链上游戏

链上游戏是 crypto 给传统游戏带来的范式转变的一个例子。游戏设计是由它们的约束驱动的。由于执行受限于 gas 成本,当前链上游戏的迭代通常是回合制的 RTS 游戏。在 Paradigm 最新夺旗挑战赛(Capture the Flag challenge)的链上赛车游戏 0xMonaco 中,玩家可以与对方的智能合约竞争,并可以通过自定义智能合约逻辑来调整策略以应对对手。通过引入多人模式,0xMonaco 增加了有趣且具有竞争力的 PvP 动态。0xMonaco 在社区中取得了巨大的成功,它让我们得以一窥链上多人游戏中可定制的可能性。

通过区块链基础设施和可扩展性(例如零知识证明和数据可用性层)的进步,多人在线战斗竞技场(MOBA)和第一人称射击游戏(FPS)等类型现在可以完全建立在链上,从而大规模解锁链上多人在线游戏。将高度互动的游戏上链的能力增加了主流吸引力,并为现有的链上游戏生态吸引了更广泛的受众,吸引了一代新接触 crypto 的年轻游戏玩家。

Minecraft Realms:玩家托管的个人服务器

可定制性

在链上构建游戏带来了透明度以及强大的不变性保证,同时还提供了可定制性。通过将核心游戏玩法和功能转化为「超结构」,开发人员可以作为一等公民构建具有可组合性和可定制性的游戏,并采用去中心化、社区优先的开发和增长方法。

在传统游戏中,模组社区为玩家提供了一种有机的方式来体验核心游戏之外的世界。用户生成内容 (UGC) 是 Roblox 和 Minecraft 等游戏收入的巨大推动力,这些游戏将社区管理和开发外包给独立创作者。这为游戏开发者开启了一个有趣的新范式;对于链上游戏,游戏工作室无需让游戏开发商维护「官方」游戏服务器,而是可以简单地开发底层基础设施(可以像智能合约一样简单,规定核心游戏机制)并将托管和进一步开发外包给社区。独立创作者可以通过在原始游戏协议的基础上托管具有定制皮肤、游戏玩法和资产的「私人服务器」,让他们的幻想王国充满活力。然后,社区可以在其私人服务器中部署原生货币,用于治理和游戏内购买。

与区块链基础设施类比,私有服务器可以被认为是第 1 层基础游戏的 rollup,每个服务器和社区都有自己的 token 和生态系统。类似于共享基础层的 rollup 之间的固有可组合性和互操作性,链上游戏允许以前分散的社区中玩家资产和身份的互操作性。例如,考虑 Minecraft 服务器。每个服务器都有其独特的资产、玩家和社区,它们无法在各个服务器之间共享或通信。而将游戏玩法上链允许跨服务器通信,允许玩家将他们的资产和进度从一个幻想领域转移到另一个领域。协议和 crypto 的开源性质促进了这种相互依赖,而代币化使社区能够从更广泛的游戏生态系统的发展中受益。

治理与社区

将游戏带入链上,还为社区提供了一个支持 crypto 的治理原语的工具箱。去中心化治理允许玩家参与游戏开发并拥有发言权:用户将能够参与游戏平衡和调整,通过治理 token 启用投票和提案。此外,建立在开放的区块链轨道上可以为玩家提供可验证的链上数据和资产所有权。希望采用社区优先游戏方法的开发人员可以通过链上集成促进用户参与,将加密原语用于资产、社区和治理。

链上游戏也开启了将社区所有权作为核心游戏机制的可能性。这方面的一个例子可能是社区平衡游戏,玩家可以使用 crypto 支持的治理来调整智能合约,从而决定核心链上游戏机制。另一个有趣的可能性是在游戏中原生解锁 token 支持的治理。多人在线游戏中的玩家传统上将自己组织成集体——「公会」——以协调实现游戏中的目标。在链上游戏中,公会可以通过代币支持的 DAO 原语来组织,为游戏集体带来一层透明度和数字原生协调工具。在 crypto 轨道上构建这些集成也有利于开发人员;与开发人员必须花费工程周期实施和维护治理逻辑的模拟游戏相比,在 crypto 中,他们可以通过简单地插入现有的加密原语、使用 token 作为成员资格和使用 DAO 工具解决方案进行治理来引导公会系统。这为 DAO 公会解锁了进一步的表现力和可定制性,不受游戏设计者设置的约束。

身份和社交层

Crypto 还为游戏玩家提供了强大且可组合的数字身份。例如,Steam 拥有一个蓬勃发展的生态系统,玩家可以根据共享的兴趣或游戏定制自己的个人资料并自行组织成社区。将该系统上链允许加密游戏玩家以假名建立声誉,同时能够在特定开发者或发行商生态之外的游戏中移植和利用他们的身份和社交图谱。这对基于声誉的服务也有很大的影响。由于用户在在线游戏或更广泛的数字社区中以假名积累声誉,因此这些链上指标以及用户的游戏身份可以与来自其他环境的身份相关联,作为权威和可信度的指标。

Cartridge‌ 的任务功能 - 在平台上完成任务可以获得奖励

加密(游戏)钱包

传统的加密钱包是为通用用途而设计的,它们没有游戏玩家在模拟应用中习惯的许多高级功能。现有钱包中缺少的特别重要的游戏功能是发现、身份和社区原语。社交组件对于多人游戏的成功是至关重要的;玩家希望能够看到他们的朋友在玩什么游戏,根据共同兴趣将自己组织成社区,并发现新游戏。通过传统渠道与加密游戏集成的可能性不大:由于传统游戏行业对 crypto 的抵制,例如 Valve 禁止其平台上的所有 NFT 和加密货币,似乎我们必须原生构建一个等效的加密解决方案。致力于弥合这一差距的团队是加密游戏的「蒸汽」Cartridge。Cartridge 上的用户将能够浏览和启动精选的加密游戏,从任务中获得奖励并升级他们的化身,并与朋友和社区互动。特定于游戏的加密钱包为区块链游戏玩家提供了这些缺失的发现和社交功能:像 Cartridge 这样的平台充当了基础设施,将加密游戏的可组合性优势连接到应用层之外。

Cartridge 允许用户浏览和发现新的链上游戏

总结

像 Steam 这样的平台为游戏提供可组合性和生态系统,但也可以单方面对玩家施加限制,这常常违背社区共识。Cartridge 等去中心化替代方案允许用户从去中心化游戏生态系统的核心身份、治理和社会创新中受益,同时保留自由市场原则。

具有讽刺意味的是,建立在去中心化轨道上的游戏核心创新导致了分散的游戏生态系统中资产、身份和社区的集中化。在链上构建游戏默认启用了可组合性,并为开发者和用户解锁新的游戏机制和范例。首先,我们不要忘记扩展吞吐量和改善区块链基础设施的目的:释放在去中心化轨道上构建新颖应用的潜力。如果论点是接下来有十亿用户将通过游戏加入 crypto,那么创建具有广泛主流吸引力的加密游戏,同时通过精心设计的激励结构、可持续经济和平台提供卓越的用户体验是至关重要的。

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