香港加密新规来了,详解 CRP-1 及其对市场的影响

深潮Published on 2025-09-16Last updated on 2025-09-17

CRP-1 旨在与国际监管标准接轨,通过建立一套兼顾创新发展与风险防控的监管体系,为银行业参与加密资产相关业务提供明确指引。

撰文:肖飒法律团队

在技术创新浪潮的推动下,全球加密资产市场规模急剧扩张,与此同时,价格剧烈波动、洗钱等一系列风险问题也随之暴露,对有效监管的需求变得尤为迫切。2025 年 9 月,香港金融管理局(HKMA)向本地银行业界发出《银行业监管政策手册》(SPM)新模块 CRP-1《加密资产分类》征求意见稿,旨在与国际监管标准接轨,通过建立一套兼顾创新发展与风险防控的监管体系,为银行业参与加密资产相关业务提供明确指引。

接下来,飒姐团队就带大家仔细看看 CRP-1 都有哪些新要求,和其他国家、地区的监管政策做个对比,再聊聊这些变化会给咱们币圈玩家带来哪些影响。

01 香港 CRP-1 新规核心内容解读

(一)基础界定:监管范围与适用对象

CRP-1 新规先给加密资产监管划定了明确范围,为后续执行打好基础。具体来说,新规把加密资产定义为:主要依赖密码学和分布式账本技术(DLT)或类似技术;可用于支付或投资目的,或用于获取商品或服务。不过其明确央行发行的数字货币不在这个范围内,这样既能精准定义加密资产,又能把法定数字货币区分开来,防止监管管得太宽。

在监管对象上,新规管的是香港所有持牌金融机构,像正规银行、受限牌照银行,还有接受存款的公司。这些机构是香港金融系统的重要组成部分,它们开展的加密业务直接影响金融稳定,把它们纳入监管,就能从源头控制风险。

在风险管控方面,新规采取 「一个不落」 的策略。不管是银行自己持有的加密资产,帮客户保管、交易加密资产产生的风险,还是通过金融衍生品间接接触加密资产带来的风险,全都必须要受到管理。这样一来,金融机构就没法钻空子逃避监管,所有加密资产相关风险都能得到严格管理。

(二)核心分类

风险分级是 CRP-1 新规的核心逻辑,新规根据加密资产的风险缓释能力,将其划分为第 1 组(低风险)与第 2 组(高风险)。通过下面这张表格,老友们可以一眼看清它的核心分类。

02 CRP-1 与国际规则(BCBS 标准)的衔接与差异

(一)BCBS 标准核心逻辑

巴塞尔银行监管委员会(简称 BCBS) 作为全球银行业监管的核心机构,于 2022 年 12 月发布《加密资产风险敞口的审慎处理》,2024 年 7 月推出《加密资产标准修订》,构建了全球统一的加密资产监管框架,其核心逻辑可概括为「风险分级、审慎管控」。

在监管目标上,BCBS 标准以 「防控加密资产风险,确保银行资本充足」为核心,避免加密资产风险向传统银行体系传导,维护全球金融稳定。在核心框架上,BCBS 将加密资产按风险分为 「集团 1」与 「集团 2」,对高风险资产设定严格资本要求,同时推动全球监管协同,避免监管套利。

BCBS 标准的推出,源于全球加密资产市场的快速发展与风险积累,其旨在为国际活跃银行提供统一的监管基准,平衡 「金融稳定」 与 「负责任创新」,为各国监管机构提供参考框架。

(二)CRP-1 与 BCBS 的衔接

CRP-1 新规和 BCBS 标准在很多关键地方想法一致,展现出香港作为国际金融中心紧跟全球监管步伐的态度。

从资产分类来看,CRP-1 把加密资产分成 「第 1 组」 和 「第 2 组」,BCBS 则分为「集团 1」和「集团 2」,它们分类的核心标准都是看资产控制风险的能力。比如,合规稳定币这类风险较低、比较靠谱的资产,在 BCBS 属于 「集团 1」,在 CRP-1 里就对应 「第 1 组」,而且两边都要求这类资产要有明确的法律规定,还得做好风险防控;对于那些风险高的资产,两边都通过严格规定金融机构要准备多少资金来控制风险,充分体现了 「风险越大、管得越严」 的理念。

资金监管要求方面,CRP-1 基本延续了 BCBS 谨慎管理的思路。BCBS 规定,像某些高风险加密资产,金融机构需要准备相当于资产价值 1250% 的资金来应对风险,CRP-1 对 「2b 组」 资产也是这个标准;对于流动性好的加密资产,BCBS 要求必须在合规交易所交易,并且达到一定的市场规模,CRP-1 对 「2a 组」 资产的要求也类似,规定要在受监管的交易所交易,还设置了市值和交易量的门槛,确保投入的资金和资产风险相匹配。

另外,CRP-1 和 BCBS 都特别强调要全面监管,不管是银行自己持有的加密资产,还是为客户提供服务涉及的资产,甚至是间接关联的风险,都要纳入监管范围,避免出现没人管的 「灰色地带」,实现全球统一监管的目标。

03 CRP-1 新规对加密资产用户的具体影响

CRP-1 新规实施后,银行加密业务大调整,直接影响咱们老友们买卖、保管加密资产,以及使用的各问题。

先说交易选择,新规让能交易的资产和渠道都 「收紧」 了。高风险的 2b 类资产,像部分 NFT 和治理代币,银行不让交易了,只能去其他平台,但这些平台可能不太靠谱;1 类合规资产虽然安全,但能选的种类变少了;2a 类资产得在持牌交易所交易,开户审核更严、门槛也更高。再说资产安全,新规确实让资产存管更安全,就算平台出事也能优先拿回钱,但反洗钱要求太严格,个人隐私空间变小了,而且不同资产价格波动也不一样了。

对持有 2b 类 NFT、治理代币这类资产的朋友,飒姐团队建议优先选香港金管局监管或有国际合规资质的平台,别把所有资产放在一个地方;喜欢 1 类合规资产的用户,可以图银行的安全,但得接受能买的东西少;交易 2a 类资产的朋友,记得提前准备好身份证、银行卡等全套材料,应对交易所的严格审核。不管你持有哪种资产,都得重新规划投资组合,关注银行收费变化,既要享受新规带来的安全保障,也要在隐私保护和操作便利之间找到平衡。

写在最后

综上所述,可知香港 CRP-1 新规在加密资产监管领域展现出显著的前瞻性,为行业发展与风险防控提供了新的思路与方向。

飒姐认识到,香港加密资产监管将步入动态优化与深化实践阶段。未来,监管机构需紧跟国际趋势,强化跨境规则协同;行业参与者应建立常态化合规沟通机制。期待香港以 CRP-1 为契机,完善监管科技,平衡投资者保护与创新,树立全球监管典范。

Related Reads

South Korean Retail Investors 'Move from Seoul to Wall Street': Buying SK Hynix ADR, Betting on Triple-Leverage ETF

A surge of Korean retail investors is shifting funds from the volatile Seoul market to Wall Street, intensifying their bets on the AI theme through unconventional and high-risk instruments. Data shows Korean investors were net buyers of about $4.5 billion in US stocks in July, nearing a yearly peak. A notable trend is their purchase of approximately $840 million worth of SK Hynix American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), despite a significant 10% premium over the company's domestic shares, leading analysts to label the move as speculative and irrational. Simultaneously, Korean traders are heavily favoring leveraged ETFs. The triple-leveraged semiconductor ETF SOXL was the most-bought US product in July, with leveraged products occupying four of the top ten spots. Experts note that this shift in geography does not represent a diversification of risk; instead, investors are merely expressing the same concentrated bet on AI hardware through different, often riskier, US-listed vehicles. Analysts warn that while this capital inflow is unlikely to systemically impact the vast US institutional market, it risks creating localized distortions and amplifying volatility, particularly in the targeted sectors and instruments. The move follows a sharp correction in the Korean market, where high leverage in semiconductor stocks and related ETFs had previously led to significant losses, prompting this search for alternative avenues to chase the AI narrative.

marsbit12m ago

South Korean Retail Investors 'Move from Seoul to Wall Street': Buying SK Hynix ADR, Betting on Triple-Leverage ETF

marsbit12m ago

Bithumb's First Half Report: Net Loss Exceeds $76 Million, Where Did the Profits Go?

**Title: Bithumb H1 2026 Report: Net Loss Exceeds $76M – Where Did the Profits Go?** Despite a headline net loss of approximately 108.7 billion KRW (~$76.44 million) for the first half of 2026, a detailed breakdown reveals Bithumb's core exchange business remained profitable. The significant loss was primarily driven by two major non-operating items: substantial losses on the disposal and valuation of the company's own cryptocurrency holdings (net loss ~$48.21 million) and a sharp increase in litigation provisions (~$25.93 million), largely linked to a regulatory fine. Operating revenue fell 48.7% year-on-year to ~$119 million, almost entirely from transaction fees, as market activity cooled. While the company drastically cut marketing and subsidy expenses by ~70% to protect margins, more rigid costs like payment processing and salaries declined only modestly. This highlights the vulnerability of its highly fee-dependent revenue model in a down market. Total assets decreased by ~$584 million, but this was largely attributable to an ~86% drop in client KRW deposits. The market value of client crypto assets under custody also fell (~32.7%), partly influenced by declining cryptocurrency prices rather than solely client withdrawals. In summary, the report indicates underlying exchange profitability was eroded by significant crypto asset losses and mounting regulatory/legal costs, against a backdrop of declining trading revenue. Future focus should be on revenue recovery, managing crypto-related损益, and the ongoing impact of regulatory challenges.

marsbit32m ago

Bithumb's First Half Report: Net Loss Exceeds $76 Million, Where Did the Profits Go?

marsbit32m ago

BitMart's Final 9 Days: A True Exchange Crisis Is Never About Shutting Down

BitMart's Final 9 Days: A True Exchange Crisis Is Not About Shutting Down On August 17, 2026, with just 9 days until BitMart's scheduled cessation of trading, the focus shifted from the platform's orderly closure to serious questions about user withdrawals, platform solvency, employee payments, and reserve transparency. Stakeholders, claiming to represent users and staff, publicly demanded asset/liability disclosures, explanations for withdrawal delays, a user repayment plan, and an independent audit, setting an August 19 deadline. While BitMart CEO Sheldon Lee denied allegations of insolvency or wrongdoing, the controversy highlighted a core vulnerability of centralized exchanges (CEXs). When an exchange announces its shutdown, normal user behavior changes dramatically, triggering a mass withdrawal event—the ultimate stress test for its liquidity and custodial integrity. The key question becomes not whether the platform has assets, but whether it holds sufficient *liquid* assets to cover all user liabilities on demand. The article argues that the trust placed in CEXs is based on the convenience they provide, abstracting users from direct control of their private keys. This trust is rarely questioned during normal operations but becomes critically exposed during a wind-down. The situation underscores the limitations of simple Proof of Reserves, which shows "what we have" but not the crucial "what we owe." True financial credibility requires transparent, auditable data on assets, liabilities, and segregated user funds. BitMart's situation reflects a broader, often overlooked issue in the crypto industry: while there is extensive focus on growth mechanisms for exchanges, there is little discussion or established protocol for a safe and transparent "exit mechanism." The final measure of an exchange's integrity, the article concludes, is not its user count or trading volume during a bull market, but its ability to ensure every last user can successfully withdraw their assets when the doors are closing. The outcome will be determined not by statements, but by whether the final user's funds securely leave the platform.

marsbit1h ago

BitMart's Final 9 Days: A True Exchange Crisis Is Never About Shutting Down

marsbit1h ago

Don't Speculate on 100x Coins, Just Bet on 'Cash Cows': Which Projects Are Worth Dollar-Cost Averaging in the Bear Market?

In a bearish crypto market, finding sustainable investments is more prudent than chasing speculative meme coins. This article analyzes projects generating consistent revenue, highlighting them as potential "cash cows" for long-term dollar-cost averaging (DCA). The top performers are "picks-and-shovels" plays. **Pump.fun**, a Solana-based meme coin launchpad, leads with $415.3M in monthly revenue, profiting from a 1.25% fee on token transactions. Despite market volatility, it has averaged tens of millions in monthly income in 2024. Perpetual DEX **Hyperliquid** stands out as a "bear market star," accumulating ~$352M in revenue over seven months. Its model funnels ~99% of fees into buying back and permanently burning its HYPE token. Established giants are also adapting. **Uniswap**, after enabling its fee switch, now earns protocol revenue (e.g., $5.6M recently), which is used to buy back and burn UNI, giving the token direct value accrual. Similarly, oracle provider **Chainlink** generates stable monthly revenue (~$4.57M recently) from its essential data, cross-chain, and automation services. Its new Payment Abstraction feature automatically converts service fees into LINK, accruing value in its treasury. The core thesis is clear: in a downturn, focus on projects with proven, resilient business models—those acting as essential infrastructure or capturing consistent transaction fees—rather than speculative narratives.

marsbit1h ago

Don't Speculate on 100x Coins, Just Bet on 'Cash Cows': Which Projects Are Worth Dollar-Cost Averaging in the Bear Market?

marsbit1h ago

Trading

Spot
活动图片