ЦБ Италии: Развитие криптовалют в США разрушит мировую финансовую систему

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2025-01-30Last updated on 2025-04-30

Центральный банк Италии назвал политику президента США Дональда Трампа по развитию криптоиндустрии агрессивной. Регулятор опасается, что рост крипторынка несет большие риски для банков и мировой финансовой системы.

В отчете о финансовой стабильности, Банк Италии отметил резкий рост криптовалют после того, как новая администрация США объявила о поддержке цифровых активов. После инаугурации Трампа наблюдался сильный приток капитала в спекулятивные активы, особенно в биткоин. Если эти крайне волатильные инструменты станут тесно связаны с традиционными финансами, то финансовые посредники, как и экономика в целом, станут очень уязвимыми, опасается ЦБ.

Банк Италии отметил, что к концу марта общая капитализация крипторынка достигла $2,75 трлн, причем на биткоин приходится более 60% от этой суммы. В криптовалюту теперь вкладывают средства не только розничные инвесторы. Значительная доля биткоинов принадлежит компаниям, запустившим криптовалютные биржевые фонды (ETF), торговым платформам и нефинансовым корпорациям. Эти организации могут использовать биткоин для повышения цен на акции или для изменения своих бизнес-моделей, несмотря на высокую волатильность криптовалюты.

Итальянский центробанк также выразил опасения по поводу доминирования долларовых стейблкоинов, выпущенных компанией Tether (USDT) и Circle (USDC). Их эмитенты сильно зависят от государственных облигаций США, используемых в качестве резервов. Если эти стейблкоины прочно внедрятся в финансовую систему, это спровоцирует нестабильность рынка во время кризисов погашения. Возможный масштабный крах стейблкоинов вызовет побочные эффекты, которые затронут как рынки облигаций США, так и всю мировую экономику, предупредил Банк Италии.

Недавно исполнительный директор Европейского управления по ценным бумагам и рынкам (ESMA) Наташа Казенаве (Natasha Cazenave) тоже выразила опасения, что криптовалюты все теснее переплетаются с реальной экономикой, хотя пока они занимают небольшую долю мировых финансов.

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