Maker 改名 Sky 背后 ,规模比去中心化更重要?

链捕手Published on 2024-08-28Last updated on 2024-08-28

作者: flowie , ChainCatcher

编辑: Marco , ChainCatcher

 

昨日,Maker 协议宣布品牌名升级 Sky,Maker 生态也迎来大换血。

去中心化稳定币 Dai(DAI)以 1:1 的比例升级为 USDS,原生治理代币 MKR 将以 1:24,000 的比例升级为 SKY。Maker SubDAO 则更名为 Sky Stars。

这不是一次简单的更名,而是战略路线的重大变更。

Sky(原 Maker)联合创始人 Rune Christensen 称,此次品牌重塑是带领 “DeFi 下一次进化”的重要一步,旨在增加协议的访问,更注重构建易用性,有助于吸引更多来自中心化交易所的主流用户。

但升级后,Spark Protocol CEO Sam MacPherson 称 USDS 引入了冻结功能。Sky 官网还新增了禁止使用 VPN 登录的功能。

不少加密用户质疑 Sky 背离去中心化目标。

PleasrDAO 的 @Lumbergdoteth 在 X 上发帖:“DAI 目前正在迁移到 USDS,这是一种可审查的稳定币,违背了其最初的愿景。RIP DAI,2017-2024。”

DefiLlama 的 @Oxngmi 也发文:“Rip,看起来品牌重塑制造商引入了 vpn 阻止程序(makerdao.com 不会阻止)。

此前 5月, Rune Christensen也提到 DAI 升级后,会考虑推出冻结功能,但需要通过治理决定。

对此,Rune Christensen 最新澄清说,新协议发布时不会有冻结功能,只有升级功能,“因此,以后治理可以决定如何基于考虑所有数据来实施类似冻结功能的方法,并找到尽可能防范风险因素的方法。”

DAI 迁移至 USDS,规模比去中心化更重要?

2017 年,Sky(原 Maker ) 在上线 Dai 的官方文档中称,Dai 使命是成为一个抗审查、完全去中心的稳定币。

而升级后的 USDS,Phoenix Labs 和 Spark Protocol CEO Sam MacPherson 在 X 平台上确认将有冻结功能。随后或受到舆论压力,Sam MacPherson 删除了相关帖子。Rune Christensen 也澄清说,需要通过治理决定。

目前 USDT、USDC 等中心化稳定币均有冻结功能。如果引入冻结功能,加密 KOL@sdcrypto123 称,这意味着 USDS 则更像是一个与 USDT、USDC 类似的偏中心化稳定币,不再有抗审查功能。

Sky 试图将稳定币迎合监管需求其实早有预告。

5 月,Sky 创始人Rune Christensen 曾在 X 平台宣布,将进行 DAI 稳定币的重大升级,未来其生态版图将会有两种稳定币,一个配合监管要求、追求规模,一个为了纯粹的去中心化理念。

为了确保前者能够更顺利地扩展到全球规模,会发布“转帐冻结功能”提案,以配合各国政府的监管要求。

原本的 Dai 稳定币将维持现状,由于其 ERC-20 实作的技术没有后门合约,不可能修改并添加冻结功能上去。昨日宣布的升级版稳定币 USDS 应该是前者。

而升级后的纯粹去中心化稳定币计划 PureDai 会比 USDS 晚些时间推出。Rune 表示,PureDai 试图提高清算机制去中心化,将法律合规风险降到最低,以满足抗审查与去中心化的理念。

Rune 解释了该做法的愿意,简而言之,一切都是为了规模。

从 Defilama 数据来看,Dai 虽然是紧跟 USDT 和 USDC 其后的第三大稳定币,但是从市场份额来看,差距非常大,USDT 和 USDC 占据了 90% 左右的市场。

Rune 表示,从 Dai 开始扩容的那一刻起,就跨越了两个世界—— 加密世界与真实世界,前者是崇尚去中心化理念的生态,后者是传统金融领域结合的新机会。

但这两个世界从本质上其实是相互抵触的,稳定币若要实现与美元挂钩,又要保持纯粹的去中心化,要迎来大规模是不可能的。

该怎么解决,Rune 提到了两条路径:

一是与美元挂钩并结合现实世界资产。为了优先考虑效用和规模,选择与美元挂钩,并且结合现实世界资产,可以快速提升生态的规模。

而这需要与传统金融整合并与之在监管等各方面要求保持一致才能做到。

二是走纯粹的去中心化理念,但这需要完全独立于中心化控制的架构与设计,还要有严格依赖去中心化抵押品的清算机制。

因此,Dai 需要想双重稳定币解决方案的过渡。Rune 称这是一个循序渐进、经过深思熟虑的过程,需要几年时间。

Dai 如果妥协,我们还需要去中心化稳定币吗?

虽然 Dai 可能会保留了纯粹的去中心化稳定币,但是根据 Rune 的发文,未来大多数 Dai 用例将被 USDS 取代。

迎合监管的 USDS,未来的去中心化或只体现在链上资金透明性还有社区治理上。

Sky 监管压力下的规模难题,或是去中心化稳定币协议的普遍困境。

加密 KOL 陈默(@cmdefi)表示,在 DeFi Summer 中后段,人们对于去中心化稳定币的需求达到了顶峰。“但随着市场周期迭代,去中心化稳定币在扩展性上受到限制,它们可以很好的在链上流通,但几乎无法让中心化交易所/机构接受它,特别是在 LUNA/UST 奔溃之后,随着中心化交易所逐渐拿回市场注意力,DeFi 进入平稳期,去中心化稳定币的需求在下降。”

加密KOL @sdcrypto123 认为,面对强势的USDT跟USDC等中心化竞争者,Sky 以更中心化的方式似乎也无可厚非。

“以完全去中心化的方式运营,多年来一直提升不了发行量,阻碍了项目代币MKR(现在的sky)的价值增长,所以为了提升价值,项目方进行新的大胆尝试也合情合理。”

Sky 或许正在拓展边界。 @sdcrypto123 认为未来的MakerDAO(现在的SkyEcosystem)不再是一个单纯的稳定币项目,也不仅仅只是一个RWA项目,它将变成一个以USDS为核心来运营的DeFi生态,生态内部会生长出很多子项目,其中包含跨链桥、借贷、POS质押衍生品、SWAP等等。

从竞争角度而言,与USDT和USDC角逐中,去中心化抗审查的Dai和迎合监管的USDS 谁更有优势?目前也暂难有定论。

陈默认为,虽然短期去中心化稳定币需求下降,但长期来看,去中心化稳定币仍然是 DeFi 最大的市场之一,“因为只要当你被中心化审查/冻结事件影响过一次,你基本就会经常提醒自己尽可能不再触碰它,长期来看这始终是一个净增长。”

在推出USDS后,Sky 的纯粹去中心化稳定币计划PureDai 在其版图中能占据多大的地位?能否稳固其去中心化稳定币市场?

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