美联储将迎来迄今为止最艰难的一周

币界网Published on 2024-08-18Last updated on 2024-08-18

币界网报道:

美联储正进入可能是很长一段时间以来最艰难的一周。央行即将面临一系列挑战,从华尔街到普通民众都将密切关注。

美联储在怀俄明州杰克逊霍尔举行的年度会议拉开了序幕。主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔将发表演讲,预计将为接下来的事情定下基调。

他必须谨慎行事——在制定计划的同时,不要让美联储陷入可能适得其反的境地。

Federal Reserve about to have its toughest week yet

鲍威尔的平衡行为

美联储之前曾因低估通胀飙升而被抓。他们称之为“暂时的”,这个错误仍然困扰着他们。正如LPL Financial首席全球策略师昆西·克罗斯比所说:

“他们迟到了。他们不想在这方面犯错误。”

这里的利害关系是,在通胀似乎正在降温的情况下,美联储的反应如何。最近的数据显示,消费者价格已经放缓至三年多来的最低水平。

7月份批发价格几乎没有变动,支出强于预期,裁员基本持平。但这并不全是阳光和彩虹——住房仍然一团糟。

7月份,建筑开工和许可证数量创下四年新低。工资正在上涨,但速度不足以超过通货膨胀。进口呈现出通货膨胀的丑陋面貌,以2022年12月以来的最高速度增长。

何时降息?

尽管数据喜忧参半,但市场上大多数人认为美联储应该很快开始降息。美联储的业绩记录并不完美,正如克罗斯比所说:

“这不是一门精确的科学。它可能既是一门科学,也是一种艺术形式。”

美联储等待降息的时间越长,他们承担的风险就越大。目前,交易员们押注9月份降息25个基点,11月和12月可能会进一步降息。

最大的担忧是,由于劳动力市场崩溃或另一场经济灾难等全面危机,美联储可能不得不降息。

没有人希望紧急降息——如果这是对通胀下降的有节制的反应,那就好得多了。

但并非所有人都同意。前美联储副主席理查德·克拉里达(Richard Clarida)认为,美联储将在9月降息,他在游戏中完全支持“暂时性”通胀的想法。

他说,预计9月初公布的8月份非农就业报告将是一件大事。尽管鲍威尔表示美联储“依赖数据”,而不仅仅是追逐每一个小数据点,但克拉里达认为:

“如果这是一份灾难性的报告,负工资和失业率大幅上升,那么我们将达到50。”

所以,是的,这仍然是关于数字的。随着市场处于紧张状态,经济在稳定和混乱之间摇摆不定,鲍威尔和他的团队这次必须把事情做好。没有压力,对吧?

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