🐻球崛起:多视角解析 Berachain 的成功因子

深潮Published on 2024-07-19Last updated on 2024-07-19

为什么熊链是 2024 下半场最值得期待的公链?

作者:Yond,小熊之家

🐻⛓️导读

Bera morning!

虽然熊链从宣布开发至今已经两年有余,但中文区仍然缺乏对熊链的全方位解读。除了在 Degen 和撸毛的圈子中有微弱的声量以外,熊链在大部分用户的认知中还停留在「memechain」、「NFT 很贵」、「旁氏」、「下一个 LUNA」等并不准确甚至完全错误的概念上。

为什么我认为熊链是 2024 下半场最值得期待的公链,甚至有可能成为加密市场上一个独立的叙事?我将从熊链的历史、市场需求、经济模型设计、社区文化等方面,帮助中文用户重塑对 Berachain 的认知。

新兴公链的困境:流动性和筹码分配

2023 年上半年至今,新兴公链和 Layer 2 如雨后春笋般涌现。由于外部经济形势低迷,加密市场缺乏流动性注入,公链竞争逐渐演变为对市场存量流动性的争夺。为了冷启动和吸引流动性,各家新公链和 Layer 2 都开始推出中心化的积分运营计划,通过透支空投/发币预期来吸引用户存款,为生态项目提供短暂且不忠诚的 TVL 数字。

2024 已过半,让我们一起来回顾一下部分已经结束积分计划并完成发币的新公链和 Layer 2 👇🏻

Merlin Chain - TVL 高点 534.4m,当前 214.07m,跌幅 60%;

Blast - TVL 高点 2.3b,当前 1.33b,跌幅 44.2%;

Mode - TVL 高点 587.12m,当前 456.22m,跌幅 22.3%;

数据来源:

https://defillama.com/

当繁多的各类积分完成其使命,新公链和 Layer 2 是否还能继续留住因积分而来的 TVL,逆转其终将成为「鬼城」的宿命?既然积分已经被市场证明是一种不可持续甚至对市场参与者热情有害的方式,那公链的 builder 们是否可以探索一种对加密市场更为健康的筹码分配方式,让流动性以更为有机的方式留存?

源于 DeFi,不止于 DeFi

熊链的故事开始于 2021 年末的 DeFi 2.0 热潮。以 Olympus DAO 为代表的 DeFi 2.0 协议以复杂的旁氏博弈模型创造出超高的 APY,在当时经历了大跌的市场中重新引发了加密用户对链上 DeFi 项目的研究和参与热情。一时间,加密社交媒体上频繁出现各种关于 (3,3) 的讨论。*(3,3) 一词来源于博弈论中的纳什平衡,代表了在双方博弈中可能的最优解。与之相反的 (-3,-3) 则代表了最差的解法。*

熊链一开始并不是一条公链,只是一个以「抽烟熊」这个滑稽形象出现的一系列 NFT 项目。其玩法参考了 OHM 中的 Rebase 机制,持有初代 Bong Bears项目可以获得后续系列的空投,从而鼓励长期持有。共有五个后续系列,分别是 Bond BearsBoo BearsBaby BearsBand BearsBit Bears

在熊链宣布发行公链后,此前发行的 NFT 身价也一路跃升,目前价格最低的 Bit Bears 系列地板价也高达 3.8 ETH。

流动性证明:博弈中共存

区块链是最接近资产发行的行业,金融属性突出。区块链中的创新,也大多服务于创造更高效率的资产发行方式,通俗点说就是「造盘子」。那么,被灵活运用在 DeFi 中用以提升资本效率的博弈论和旁氏模型,是否也能为其他赛道的生态服务,或者作为公链的底层设计存在呢?

熊链的流动性证明(Proof of Liquidity)给出了肯定的答案。

外界对于熊链是「旁氏」的基础认知,大多来源于熊链独特的流动性证明机制。

在区块链世界中存在着各种各样的共识机制,有以比特币网络为代表的工作量证明(PoW, Proof of Work),以太坊网络为代表的权益证明(PoS, Proof of Stake)。节点们遵守此类共识机制,为整个网络提供区块验证,维护网络安全,并获取节点奖励。

熊链的三个基本货币单元为:

$BGT:Berachain Governance Token,不可被转让或交易,可以 1:1 转化成 BERA

$BERA:公链代币,可用于 Gas 消耗和二级市场交易

$HONEY:以蓝筹资产为抵押物铸造的超额抵押稳定币

关于流动性证明的基础介绍,可参考此前的文章 🐻📝小熊课堂01:什么是流动性证明?

通过流动性证明,熊链在公链底层注入流动性,并且以 BGT 飞轮的形式鼓励更多用户和生态协议参与治理,解锁更多长期利益。在避免单个 dAPP 拥有公链大部分流动性(这种情况在一些「鬼链」中经常出现)的单点失败风险的同时,刺激了整个链生态参与治理获得分红的热情和 TVL 的留存。

而 BGT 与 BERA 的单向转换机制(注:BGT 可以 1:1 转化成 BERA,但 BERA 无法转化成 BGT),则分离了公链代币的治理价值和市场价格,鼓励 BGT 留存在生态中发挥其治理效用,为持有者提供更多长期收益($BGT 的区块价值捕捉、治理收益、委托治理权获得贿赂等),同时减缓 BERA 的抛压。

在流动性证明模型下,公链博弈的三方(节点、生态项目、用户)互助互利,形成正向飞轮效应:

➡️节点:拥有参与治理的权限,引导 BGT 的排放去向。节点有足够的动力吸引散户和生态项目手中的 BGT 委托,把 BGT 留在链上并参与治理,获得额外的收入,而不是单纯挖提卖 BERA。

➡️生态项目:在不影响自己商业模式和营收的情况下,将现金收入转换成公链流动性,获得额外的 BGT 收入。

➡️用户:可以享受更深的流动性,更小的交易摩擦,更多的流动性奖励,并且通过委托给节点的方式最大化所持有 BGT 的经济效益。

相比于简单粗暴,以短期空投预期透支公链长期寿命的积分模式相比,(3,3,3) 的飞轮更为有机,鼓励长期主义和 TVL 留存,公链代币筹码以治理战争的模式进行分配,在符合游戏规则的情况下在公链各博弈方之间实现最大化公平。

社区文化与凝聚力

熊链在加密社交媒体上的热度很大程度归功于其搞怪的社区文化 \熊熊的力量/

如果你此前有接触过熊链或其生态,除了推特用户名后缀的🐻⛓️表情符号,你一定或多或少听说过熊链的「黑话」:Henlo, BM, Ooga Booga

Henlo:比 Hello 更可爱的打招呼方式,类似于中文的「泥嚎」

BM:Bera Morning - 对应 GM Good Morning

Ooga Booga:模仿熊的叫声,是熊链生态中互相打招呼的「暗号」

「社区」或英文「community」一词,在加密语境下频繁出现,但大多数用户对该词的理解并不全面,只狭义理解为各种群聊,Telegram,Discord 频道。

由于语言和文化上的差异,许多用户并不熟悉熊链的「黑话文化」,认为其晦涩难懂,甚至将熊链与传达精神相近的 memecoin 项目联系起来,误以为熊链是条「memechain」。

「社区」基于不同个体间的共同信仰而形成。不同个体间可能对某个相同的文化符号产生共鸣,以足够的凝聚力形成拥有实际力量的小型联合部落。「社区」是建立在个人主义之上的集体主义。

我们无需妖魔化熊链的抽象文化。以大麻、政治、地狱笑话为代表的「42069」西方迷因文化,本质上和中文社交媒体中出现的抽象文化并无二异(举例:电竞梗、动漫梗、孙吧梗),都属于当代流行文化中的网络亚文化分支。

在熊链生态中流行的抽象文化,符合当下欧美年轻人(同样也是加密主力军)上网取乐的价值观,更能够激发他们的认同感。在许多新公链及 Layer 2 所忽略的获客路径上,熊链也以其超符号化的形象建立起属于自己的优势。

🐻⛓️结语:噱头还是真功夫?

我们尚未得知熊链的主网上线日期,在熊链社区内部也一直流传着一个玩笑:「熊链永远不会上线主网」。就当前的社交数据而言,还在测试网阶段的熊链已经积攒了大量的受众和潜在用户群,关于熊链的 meme 和机制上的讨论也在加密推特上广泛流传,正面说明其市场和品牌效应已经获得足够高的市场关注度。

而随着 Binance Labs 相继宣布支持 ShogunInfrared等熊链生态协议,我们离熊链主网的上线日期似乎已经不远。

需要说明的是,关于测试网交互及空投,熊链在中文区一直存在争议。有加密 KOL 抨击熊链无限期延迟主网发射,pua 用户,偶发的网络拥堵也给用户带来了不太友好的交互体验。

在分析熊链的优势之余,我们也需要理性看待市场上存在的反对的声音。

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