Vitalik: Ethereum to Complete Major Third Iteration in Next 5 Years, Quantum Resistance and Privacy as Primary Goals

07/04 22:05

On July 5, Vitalik Buterin announced that Ethereum researchers finalized the 'Streamlined Ethereum' roadmap during a conference in Berlin. This is not a one-time upgrade but a series of forks over the next 3 to 4 years (starting from 'I-star'), which will mark the third major era of Ethereum, almost replacing all core components. Core changes include: verification shifting from direct execution to recursive STARK; consensus introducing 1-2 rounds of finality for faster and safer transactions; multi-dimensional Gas pricing; and a complete replacement of existing solutions with quantum-resistant cryptography. The most disruptive change is the state model—current dynamic states only expand to about 2TB, while introducing new scalable states like UTXO and circular buffers, with a total scale reaching up to 100TB, suitable for ERC20/NFT/DeFi, potentially reducing transaction fees by over 10 times after the rewrite; complex applications (like Uniswap pools) will retain the old state without mandatory migration. However, the issue of who will store the 100TB state and the associated incentives has become a new focus of research. Privacy upgrades are now a primary design goal, with all new components needing to support quantum-resistant, intermediary-free privacy transactions. Formal verification will be fully implemented, and there is exploration into introducing RISC-V or leanISA as the underlying VM for the protocol, with EVM potentially becoming a feature at the compilation layer in the future. In terms of scalability metrics, Gas limits, Blob capacity, and block times will be increased multiple times over the next 5 years, with the Glasterdam fork set to significantly raise Gas limits first. In the order of forks, H-star (Hegota) will be the last 'pre-streamlined' fork, after which Ethereum will fully enter the streamlined era. Through this complex yet smooth transition, Ethereum is moving towards a quantum-resistant, massively scalable, privacy-first new network while maximizing the protection of existing applications. This cautious disruption over the next five years has officially begun.

Tăng giáGiảm giáThíchChia sẻ

Tuyên bố miễn trừ trách nhiệm：Nội dung trên không đại diện cho quan điểm của HTX.，HTX không đưa ra bất kỳ lời khuyên giao dịch nào.。