Samsung and SK Hynix are Now the Only Buyers Through Buybacks, Korean Stocks Start to Decouple from Global AI Rally
On October 8, Samsung Electronics posted record quarterly operating profit of 107.4 trillion won. Yet, South Korea's KOSPI index fell 2.62% and has retreated roughly 27% from its 2024 high, decoupling from the global AI stock rally seen in the US, Japan, and Taiwan. The divergence stems not from corporate earnings but from a drastic shift in buyer composition.
Samsung and SK Hynix, the two dominant memory chipmakers, account for over half of the KOSPI's weight, making its performance synonymous with the memory sector. While AI-driven HBM demand fueled their rise earlier, the market is now facing a liquidity crunch. Leverage has unwound rapidly, with trading volume down about 70% from its May peak.
Foreign investors have been major sellers, withdrawing approximately $131 billion net from Korean equities this year, the largest outflow among major Asian markets. In September, their net selling of Samsung and SK Hynix made up 76.6% of the total. Concurrent appreciation of the Korean won has further eroded US dollar returns for foreign holders.
The primary source of buying support has been share buybacks, overwhelmingly from the two chip giants. However, Samsung's major buyback program concluded in early October, and SK Hynix's program is about 80% complete, with its daily purchases slowing. With this key support waning, a buyer vacuum looms.
Retail investors shifted to net sellers of KOSPI stocks in Q3, turning instead to US equities, though they briefly returned as net buyers in early October. Institutional views are split, with some reducing exposure, citing that the easy money in memory stocks has been made.
The market's future trajectory hinges on whether domestic institutional buyers, like pension funds, will step in to fill the void left by receding foreign capital and corporate buybacks. The outcome depends on sustained HBM demand, memory pricing, and broader risk sentiment influenced by factors like US inflation data. The current adjustment is concentrated in the previously crowded memory trade, not a wholesale rejection of Korean assets or the AI supply chain narrative.
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