How a single copy-paste mistake cost a user $50M in USDt

cointelegraphPublicado em 2025-12-20Última atualização em 2025-12-20

Resumo

A user lost nearly $50 million in USDt in an address poisoning scam after mistakenly copying a malicious look-alike address from their transaction history. The scam works by attackers sending small transactions to a victim's wallet using addresses that closely resemble those of the victim's trusted contacts. In this case, the victim first sent a small test transaction to the correct address but then copied a fraudulent, similar-looking address for the full $50 million transfer. Onchain investigators noted the addresses shared the same first three and last four characters, a subtle similarity that can deceive even experienced users. The stolen funds were subsequently swapped for Ether and partially laundered through Tornado Cash. This incident highlights how such attacks exploit human error rather than technical vulnerabilities. The loss occurred amid a broader surge in crypto hacks, which reached $3.4 billion in losses in 2025.

A single transaction error led to one of the largest onchain losses seen this year, after a user mistakenly sent nearly $50 million in USDt to a scam address in a classic address poisoning attack.

According to onchain investigator Web3 Antivirus, the victim lost 49,999,950 USDt (USDT) after copying a malicious wallet address from their transaction history.

Address poisoning scams rely on look-alike wallet addresses being inserted into a victim’s transaction history via small transfers. When victims later copy an address from their transaction history, they may unknowingly select the scammer’s lookalike address instead of the intended recipient.

Onchain data shows the victim initially sent a small test transaction to the correct address. Minutes later, however, the full $50 million transfer was sent to the poisoned address.

User falls victim to address poisoning scam. Source: Web3 Antivirus

Related: Attacker takes over multisig minutes after creation, drains up to $40M slowly

Subtle address similarity enough to fool experienced users

Security researcher Cos, founder of SlowMist, noted the similarity between the addresses was subtle but enough to deceive even experienced users. “You can see the first 3 characters and last 4 characters are the same,” he wrote.

The victim’s wallet had been active for roughly two years and was primarily used for USDt transfers, according to onchain analysis. Shortly before the loss, the funds were withdrawn from Binance, suggesting the wallet was being actively managed at the time of the incident.

“This is the brutal reality of address poisoning, an attack that doesn’t rely on breaking systems, but on exploiting human habits,” another onchain analyst wrote.

The attacker has since swapped the stolen USDt for Ether (ETH), splitting it into multiple wallets, and partially moved it into Tornado Cash.

Related: Binance denies reports of delayed action over funds linked to Upbit hack

Crypto hacks hit $3.4 billion in 2025

As Cointelegraph reported, crypto-related hacks resulted in $3.4 billion in losses in 2025, marking the highest annual total since 2022. The surge was largely driven by a handful of massive breaches targeting major crypto entities rather than a broad rise in average attack size.

Just three incidents accounted for 69% of total losses this year, led by the $1.4 billion hack of crypto exchange Bybit, which alone made up nearly half of all stolen funds.

Magazine: 2026 is the year of pragmatic privacy in crypto — Canton, Zcash and more

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Perguntas relacionadas

QWhat is an address poisoning scam and how did it lead to a $50 million loss?

AAn address poisoning scam is a type of attack where a scammer sends a small transaction to a victim's wallet using a look-alike address. The victim, when later copying an address from their transaction history, may accidentally select the scammer's fraudulent address instead of the legitimate one. In this case, the user mistakenly sent $50 million in USDt to the poisoned address.

QWhat detail did the security researcher from SlowMist point out about the fraudulent address?

AThe security researcher, Cos from SlowMist, noted that the similarity between the legitimate and the fraudulent address was very subtle. He pointed out that the first 3 characters and the last 4 characters of the two addresses were identical, which was enough to deceive even experienced users.

QWhat did the attacker do with the stolen USDt funds after the scam was successful?

AAfter successfully stealing the USDt, the attacker swapped the funds for Ether (ETH). They then split the ETH into multiple wallets and partially moved it into the privacy-focused mixing service, Tornado Cash.

QHow much was lost to crypto hacks in 2025 according to the article, and what was a major contributing factor?

AAccording to the article, crypto-related hacks resulted in $3.4 billion in losses in 2025. The surge was largely driven by a handful of massive breaches targeting major crypto entities, with just three incidents accounting for 69% of the total losses.

QWhat preliminary step did the victim take before sending the full $50 million, and why was it ineffective in preventing the loss?

AThe victim initially sent a small test transaction to the correct address. However, this was ineffective because the scammer's look-alike address was already in their transaction history from a previous, small 'poisoning' transfer. When the victim went to copy the address for the large transfer, they mistakenly selected the fraudulent one.

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Coldcard Hardware Wallet Hacked: Losses Mount Due to Vulnerable Seed Generation A critical vulnerability in Coldcard hardware wallets has led to a continued wave of fund thefts. According to Galaxy Research, the total stolen has reached 1,367.05 BTC (approx. $88.6 million) from 4,585 addresses, a significant increase from the initial 594.5 BTC reported on July 30, 2026. Most of the stolen funds remain on the attackers' addresses. The issue is not with the current firmware, which Coinkite has updated, but with seed phrases generated on vulnerable devices between March 2021 and the release of fixed firmware versions. Due to a programmer error, devices switched from using a hardware random number generator to the software-based Yasmarang generator, which was initialized with publicly accessible data like the chip's serial number. This made the seed phrases predictable through offline brute-force attacks, meaning wallets remain at risk until funds are moved to a new wallet generated with the patched firmware. Affected devices include Mk2/Mk3 with firmware 4.0.1–4.1.9 (and up to 5.0.3), Mk4/Mk5 up to version 5.6.0, and Q models up to 1.5.0Q. The only exceptions are seeds created with a high-entropy method like at least 50 independent dice rolls or a strong unique BIP-39 passphrase. All other owners must generate a new seed on the fixed firmware and transfer their assets. A case highlighting the human impact involves a 39-year-old long-term investor who lost 2 BTC (approx. $130,000) in minutes. He had accumulated the Bitcoin over eight years through physical labor, viewing it as a financial lifeline and a retirement plan in a country suffering from hyperinflation. His story underscores that even conservative "buy and hold in cold storage" strategies can be compromised by such underlying technical flaws. From a technical perspective, this incident echoes historical failures where weak random number generators undermined cryptographic security, challenging the assumption that offline storage is automatically foolproof.

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