上线9天TVL超31.6亿美元,Stargate宣称「跨链桥已死」底气在哪里

链茶馆Publicado em 2022-03-28Última atualização em 2022-03-28

Resumo

Stargate是第一个完全基于LayerZero协议的项目,Stargate是多链单面稳定币曲线池。

最近火爆的跨链桥Stargate发了一篇文章,标题是《A Farewell to Bridges》,即再见跨链桥,引语是“bridges are dead, long live bridges“,即跨链桥已死,跨链桥万岁。
那么Stargate这个跨链桥到底有什么不一样?
随着区块链协议数量的增加,跨链转移资产的需求也在增加,因此跨链的市场关注度一直很高,被不少加密投资机构布局。
不过当前很多跨链桥实现的方式,都是通过锁定原生资产加上铸造合成资产,又或者是销毁合成资产加上赎回原生资产等方式所实现的,但这些方式却都会牺牲掉原生资产。
当然,跨链桥也可以用具有统一流动性的原生资产池来设计,例如所有链上的都有USDT单边池,所有链都能共享访问各自的流动性,所以在资金效率上会比当前的Token配对池高出几个数量级。
但也会存在着一些潜在问题,例如A链向C链发起一定量的USDT跨链请求,但是其他链也同时向C链发起了跨链请求还比A链更早完成交易,导致C链的USDT单边池被抽干或者无法满足A链的跨链需求,这就造成用户不佳的用户体验。
用户没办法保证自己在发起跨链请求后,是否能够在目标链接收到资产,无法满足即时最终性保证成为潜在的攻击漏洞。
为了解决这个难题,Stargate就诞生了。
Stargate就是为了攻破这种三角形难题的跨链桥,在拥有统一流动性以及原生资产池这两个条件后,Stargate 引入了一个叫Delta (Δ) 的算法来提供即时最终性保证。
这就类似于一套激励奖惩机制,套利者的出现会替代所有流动性不足的资金池。
  1. 项目概述
Stargate是第一个完全基于LayerZero协议的项目,Stargate是多链单面稳定币曲线池。

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简单来说,假设用户从ETH → Avax交换USDC,用户可以让StarGate在一次交易中处理ETH USDC Eth池→ USDC Avax池,这使用户可以非常有效地进行交易。
然而当USDC池偏离目标时,资金池套利者就会重新平衡USDC池。
所以从技术方面的角度来说,Stargate基本上是一个可组合的原生资产桥,具有统一的流动性和在LayerZero协议上建构的保证性。 
过去当用户尝试创建桥时,需要先解决三个主要的问题,也就是即时确定性、统一流动性以及目标链上的原生资产。
简单来说,用户会希望在交易成功后立即在目标链上收到所需的资金,无论是可以访问多个链之间的单个流动性池还是目标链上所需的资产。
只要通过满足能够做到这三个方面,用户就可以做更多的事情,而不仅是交换某种资产。
而Stargate的出现就是可以让用户一次性在任何链之间交换任何资产,这是非常实用的用户体验。
目前大多数功能都是简单的全链稳定币转移,不过未来会持续发展更多的可能性。
2. 应用场景
Stargate上的 LP:
用户可以为代币链池(比如USDC-Ethereum)增加流动性,并在每次转账时获得稳定币奖励,以及LP代币挖矿以换取STG奖励。
Delta (Δ) 的独特算法:
使用称为Delta (Δ) 的独特算法,基本上是一种用于跨链跟踪池的算法。
LP将能够从所有连接的链收取费用,这意味着如果你在Ethereum或Avalanche上对稳定币进行LP,你将从其他链到这些链的所有传入交换中收取费用,且LP不会因负流入而有任何负面影响。
  3. Token模型
Stargate的原生Token为$STG,目前Stargate 除了基本的跨链转账功能,用户还能添加流动性以赚取手续费收益,将他们的LP Token质押以赚取STG Token奖励。 
另外STG Token也将采用veToken模式,STG持有者将可以质押Token以获得veSTG来参与Stargate DAO的治理,不过目前质押功能尚未上线。
具体的分发规划:
 ·团队(17.5%)和投资方(17.5%)的Token有一年的锁定期,然后分两年进行线性解锁。
 ·协议启动的 15%:10%的Token以2500万美元的价格进行拍卖,锁定一年,然后在半年内线性解锁;5%的Token将与拍卖所得的2500万美元组成Curve v2池,初始价格为$0.50/STG,初始流动性高达5000万美元。
·15.95%的Token将用于各个区块链网络上的拍卖。
 ·2.11%将用于初始释放,以满足LP用户的需求。
 ·1.55% 将作为流动性添加到各种链上的各种DEX中。 
·剩下的30.39%将用于未来的社区激励以及项目的长足发展。
总供应量:
在发布时已经铸造了10亿STG,供应有限。
  4.项目规划
Stargate目前已在以太坊、Avalanche、Polygon、BNB Chain、Fantom、Arbitrum和Optimism上线,并预计在两个月内上线其他链,如Solana、Terra、Cosmos Hub和Osmosis。
目前 Stargate 的总锁仓价值就已30亿美元,Stablecoin挖矿收益年化基本都保持在20%以上。
  5. 投资机构
LayerZero全链互操作性协议,能够在不同的区块链之间进行消息传输,从而实现资产的跨链转移。
该协议在去年九月获得了Binance Labs和Multicoin Capital的领投,Sino Global、DeFiance Capital、Delphi Digital、The Spartan Group也都参与了该轮融资,就连知名 KOL Cobie也在推特表示,自己是该协议的种子轮投资人。
Stargate跨链桥则是由LayerZero Labs 团队开发,同时也是第一个基于 LayerZero协议的应用,Stargate首次公售拍卖以每个代币0.25美元的价格购买STG代币。
然而在代币拍卖过程中,总价值2500万美元的数量遭到秒杀,拍卖结束后,Stargate启动了流动性生成活动(Bonding)销售STG代币为跨链桥筹集流动性,并同时全面启动流动性挖矿。 
此次拍卖遭到秒杀让当时许多参与者感到相当不满,没想到过没多久,知名交易机构Alameda Research的CEO Sam Trabucco在推特上则表示,吃下所有STG的正是 Alameda Research。
  6. 团队介绍
LayerZero协议的CEO Bryan Pellegrino来自加拿大温哥华,他一生中的大部分时间都在处理困难的技术问题、建立社区,以及拓展消费产品。
最近在领英上表示,自己的时间都花在了人工智能的研究上,以及即将推出的新公司和一些了不起的事。 
Bryan Pellegrino担任LayerZero CEO将近两年的时间,过去曾在软体开发公司 Rho AI 任职技术工程师管理职。
而LayerZero协议的CTO Ryan Zarick也是来自加拿大温哥华毕业于美国新罕布什尔大学计算机科学,他是结合杰出程序员和精明能干企业家的完美组合,许多复杂的网络和应用程序开发项目都是Ryan Zarick最擅长的事情。
创始人Bryan Pellegrino认为许多技术应用会如此成功都要归功于技术长 Ryan Zarick,他是世界上最顶尖的 Solidity 开发者之一,因为是他意识到在隐密的状况下要进行开发是一种极为困难之事。
  8. 链茶点评
在过去,Multichain、Wormhole和Poly Network等使用合成机制的跨链桥都在骇客攻击下损失了数百万美元。
LayerZero Labs的CEO表示,与传统跨链桥相比,原生资产将使攻击面减少数个量级,并在应用程式和消费者层面提供了理想的最终用户体验且依靠原生代币转移资金也可以帮助跨链桥实现 DeFi 的“可组合性”。
而由LayerZero Labs团队开发的Stargate跨链桥同时也是第一个基于LayerZero协议的应用,与其他桥梁不同的地方在于,它不像Thorchain或Ren Protocol,需要将代币合成为新“Wrapped tokens”,而是直接使用原生代币来移动资金,这种做法有助于大幅提高安全性。
各行各业即将迎来数据信息跨链的趋势,要跨入多链时代,协议间的可组合性势必得得到近一步的扩展,各类协议的功能以及用户体验也将获得最大程度的优化。
而具有统一的流动性和快速交易最终性的Stargate,在未来则有望抢先占领关键市场。

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