Cardano怪象:生态寥寥 市值高企

蜂巢TechPublicado em 2022-03-24Última atualização em 2022-03-24

Resumo

作为2015年诞生的项目,Cardano(ADA)已在加密行业经历了数轮牛熊。但直到去年9月,它才首次支持智能合约部署,成为真正意义上的DApp平台。

作为2015年诞生的项目,Cardano(ADA)已在加密行业经历了数轮牛熊。但直到去年9月,它才首次支持智能合约部署,成为真正意义上的DApp平台。

过去的半年时间里,Cardano一直处于链上生态初建阶段。根据3月23日DeFiLlama的数据,Cardano网络DeFi应用总锁仓价值(TVL)突破3亿美元,其中绝大部分TVL由两个DEX提供,这表明该网络还处于相对早期的发展阶段。

当前,Cardano链上 TVL在所有公链中排在第24位,但它的原生通证ADA却高居加密资产市值排行榜第7位,这个排名还是下滑过的结果。去年8月底,ADA一度在这个榜单中冲到第三位。

通证市值与生态发展巨大的反差让ADA一直备受争议。在业内人士看来,随着加密资产市场的壮大,ADA想要维持较高的市值,势必需要推动项目本身价值的提升,加速链上生态建设尤为重要。

不过,当下的公链板块早已不是当年仅有ETH、EOS和Tron等少数公链的市场,Cardano在「追赶」它高企市值的路上,还面临着空前的竞争压力。

Cardano链上TVL超3亿美元 DEX占主导

在加密资产行业,ADA的资产代码比它依附的Cardano公链更知名。作为Cardano的链上原生通证,它的市值一直处于加密资产市值排行榜前列,而在公链大战中,Cardano的链上生态应用乏善可陈,这种反差令其关注者印象深刻。

区块链领域,Cardano是实打实的「老字号」,它成立于2015年,自诞生之初便自诩为第三代区块链平台,重点解决链上可伸缩性、可操作性和可持续性相关问题。它的核心创始人Charles Hoskinson在加密圈也大名鼎鼎,不仅是以太坊的联合创始人,还曾与EOS 创始人 Daniel Larimer(花名BM)共同创建了第一代去中心化交易所BitShares。

这样一个明星光环加持的区块链,在链上应用构建方面总是显得尤为迟缓。2021年,Solana、Avalanche等新公链掀起风浪时,Cardano终于在9月13日通过Alonzo硬分叉升级首次支持智能合约的部署。当时的加密市场已经由牛转衰,Cardano的操作被外界认为是「起了个大早,赶了个晚集」。

近日,Cardano链上生态有所起色。根据3月23日DeFiLlama的数据,Cardano网络DeFi应用总锁仓价值(TVL)突破3亿美元,24小时增长了6.76%。

此外,Messari数据显示,Cardano链上交易额在23日当天达到687.6亿美元,超过了比特币(159亿美元)和以太坊(360亿美元)网络。

Cardano单日链上交易额达到687.6亿美元

链上生态的活跃得以让Cardano重新被外界关注。

从DeFiLlama收录的Cardano链上应用数据看,当前为其网络提供主要TVL的仍是DEX类协议。3月23日,Cardano链上TVL前三的应用依次是Minswap、SundaeSwap以及MuesliSwap,TVL分别为1.94亿美元、1.12亿美元和167万美元。其中前两者的TVL在Cardano链上占比超过99%。

这一数据表明Cardano仍属于早期发展阶段,它的TVL构成与大多数公链的早期发展类似,都是DEX先发,而后各种赛道应用陆续补齐。

值得注意的是,由于当前Metamask等主流加密资产钱包尚不支持Cardano,用户访问该公链尚有一定操作门槛。而据体验过Cardano上DEX的用户透露,在进行交易时会出现卡顿,使用体验仍待优化。

ADA锁筹集中 节点质押率达71.64%

无论如何,对于Cardano来说,智能合约的上线,以及链上应用初建是一个不错的开始。借着近期的发展势头,Cardano目前排在公链TVL榜单的第24位,超过了Kusama和EOS。

Cardano链上TVL排在公链第24位

根据其官方博客公告,Cardano 还打算在今年夏天提高交易吞吐量。这主要是启用智能合约导致用户活动显著增加,同时,由于携带代码的脚本交易,平均交易规模有所增长。这一方面说明这条链存在链上交互的需求,而需求的增加也暴露出链本身的满足能力不足,这正是用户反馈使用Cardano链上应用卡顿的原因。

该公链的研究人员认为,预计将有更多的应用将在Cardano建立,为了跟上这种高涨的需求,必须增加系统当前的交易吞吐量。

或许是受到链上采用量增加的影响,ADA的市场价格也在近期有所上涨。3月16日至23日的一周时间里,ADA从0.8美元涨至0.97美元,涨幅达到21.25%。

不过,需要注意的是,相比智能合约上线前,ADA的市值排名却有所下滑。当前,ADA在加密资产市值排行榜中位列第7位,流通市值为326.65亿美元。而在去年8月底,ADA市值一度高居市值榜单第3位,仅次于BTC和ETH。

在ADA关注者看来,ADA市值排名的下滑,一方面是因为智能合约上线的利好已经落地,市场炒作情绪衰退;另一方面,加密资产市场在下跌期间也进行了一轮洗牌,如今ADA的位置更接近市场的理性预期。

实际上,ADA虽然长久位列加密资产市值排行榜前十,但在许多圈内人眼中,它一直是个「奇葩」资产。这主要是由于人们总难以寻获ADA市值高企的价值支撑。

在长达7年的开发过程中,自诩为区块链3.0的Cardano直到去年才上线智能合约,在投资者眼中本就是不合格的表现,而即便它开始建立链上生态,但以其如今的体量,位列加密资产市值排行榜第7位,也足够令人惊诧。

社区中一直存在一种声音认为,造成这种市值与项目发展存在较大差距的现象,与ADA通证集中化及巨鲸控盘有关。

根据Staking Rewards 的数据,当前有价值238亿美元的ADA质押在Cardano网络中,这部分质押大多是作为该PoS网络的验证节点,其网络质押率达到了71.64%,领先于一众公链,也说明ADA进行了集中锁筹,一定程度上控制了市场流通量。

在业内人士看来,随着加密资产市场的壮大,ADA想要保持较高的市值,锁筹不是长久之计,加速链上生态建设更为重要,而推动生态繁荣也需要ADA的市场供给。

按照此前Cardano社区公布的未来生态系统版图,在借贷、启动器、预言机、稳定币、钱包、游戏、NFT等多个板块都有项目方在进行部署。其中NFT赛道最为热门,CNFT、BitBunny、PunksterArt等数十个团队计划或已经在Cardano进行项目开发。

不过,对于姗姗来迟的Cardano来说,其不得不面对市场上多个新兴公链的竞争压力。毕竟当前的市场,早已不是当年仅有ETH、EOS和Tron等少数公链的市场。Cardano在匹配它高市值的路上还存在很多不确定性。

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