Aptos 主网正式上线，结果却差强人意？

元宇宙之道Publicado em 2022-10-18Última atualização em 2022-10-18

Resumo

10 月 18 日，公链项目 Aptos 宣布正式上线 Autumn 主网。

Aptos 此前已经总共完成了 3.5 亿美元融资，估值超过 27 亿美元，其投资者包括 A16z、FTX、Coinbase 等知名机构。凭借 Meta 背景以及大型投资机构的支持，该项目在主网上线前已经获得了大量曝光。Coinbase、币安、FTX 、OKX 等主流交易所争抢第一时间宣布将上线其主网代币 Aptos（APT）交易。

由 Facebook（现 Meta）前员工们创办的 Aptos 采用了 Move 语言，该编程语言原本是由 Facebook（现 Meta）为其数字货币项目 Libra（Diem）专门设计，在 Meta 放弃该项目方之后，Move 的许多原始研究人员和开发人员都成为了 Aptos 团队的成员。

经过 4 年的构建、测试和共同设计。它原生集成以实现安全资产管理以及快速安全的交易执行。Move 智能合约为 Aptos 提供了可升级性，并支持所有 Aptos 应用程序的安全演进。

Aptos Autum 究竟带来了哪些关键技术创新，以及其上线后的网络表现究竟如何。

关键技术创新

Aptos 自称带来了大量区块链技术创新，但有哪些能够成为 Web3 游戏规则改变者？

模块化设计

为了实现网络交易高吞吐量，Aptos 区块链在交易处理的关键阶段采用了流水线和模块化方法。这充分利用了所有可用的物理资源，提高了硬件效率，并实现了高度并行执行。

通过这种模块化设计，Aptos 支持更快、更安全的发布周期，因为可以针对单个模块进行更改。模块化设计还提供了将验证器扩展到单台机器之外的结构化路径，提供对额外计算、网络和存储资源的访问。

Block-STM

Block-STM 是一种新的智能合约并行执行引擎，它围绕软件事务内存和乐观并发控制的原则构建——这意味着由于 Aptos 核心的新颖方法，交易处理速度更快。

与现有的并行执行引擎通过要求预先了解要读取/写入的数据来破坏交易原子性不同，Block-STM 使开发人员能够无限制地编码，保持可组合性，并为实际用例实现更高的吞吐量和更低的延迟。

AptosBFT 共识

Aptos 采用了 AptosBFT（第 4 版）共识的最新迭代，这是第一个生产级乐观响应的 BFT 共识协议。该共识通常只需要两次网络往返（全球往返时间通常小于 300 毫秒），并通过领导者声誉机制动态调整到有故障的验证者。

这种新颖的机制显着提高了去中心化环境中的性能，相应地为适当的激励提供了基础设施，并迅速将失败的验证器对吞吐量和延迟的影响降至最低。AptosBFT 第 5 版的开发已经在进行中，并将在未来的升级中发布。

去中心化的状态同步灵活性

Aptos 旨在为所有参与者的个人需求提供高吞吐量、低延迟的网络。构建丰富多样的验证者和全节点社区需要状态复制对于不同的硬件环境具有灵活性。

Aptos 上线后实际运行效果如何？

Aptos 主打高性能公链，自称最终能够实现 10 万 TPS，但距离这个目标还差很远。根据浏览器数据显示，Aptos 网络吞吐量大约为 4 TPS。此外，这些交易中的大多数不是实际交易，它们只是验证者通信和设置区块检查点并将元数据写入区块链。据推特网友表示，目前还找不到任何 RPC 或者验证器来发送交易。Aptos 似乎已经发现了这个问题，似乎正在私下处理这个问题。Aptos discord 被禁用——用户无法聊天或提出任何问题。他们最近才打开了几个频道，但像开发资源这样的重要频道仍然关闭。

但 Aptos 官方给出的解释是，Aptos 网络按预期运行，且随着生态系统项目的启动对应活动将会增加，因此官方 Discord 和 Telegram 频道的评论功能已被关闭，以保护社区在此窗口期间免受诈骗，开发者正在积极监控，以上渠道将在适当的时候恢复正常。

鉴于 Aptos 刚刚上线，网络还未稳定下来，大部分生态项目同样还未启动。随着这一波热度，生态活动进入一段火热期，其网络数据预计也将大幅改善。例如，Web3 基础设施 Ankr 已经宣布成为 Aptos 首批 RPC 提供商之一。

Aptos 生态图谱

你觉得 Aptos 会成为下一个“天王级”项目吗？还是下一个“天亡级”项目？

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