谷歌重磅财报夜,Capex指引有望上调?资深分析师:2026年或冲击2000亿美元

华尔街见闻Publicado em 2026-07-23Última atualização em 2026-07-23

Resumo

从业逾40年的科技分析师罗伯特·卡斯特拉诺指出,Alphabet此前2026年1800亿至1900亿美元的Capex指引过于保守,预计本次财报将上调至1900亿至2000亿美元。德银亦大幅上调预测,预计2027年Capex达3250亿美元(此前为2500亿)、2028年达3650亿至3700亿美元。

谷歌母公司Alphabet将于当地时间7月22日美股盘后(北京时间23日凌晨)公布第二季度业绩,但市场真正关注的焦点并非单季利润表现,而是管理层是否会进一步上调AI资本开支(Capex)指引。

拥有40多年科技行业研究经验的The Information Network总裁罗伯特·卡斯特拉诺撰文指出,多项产业链信号显示,Alphabet此前给出的2026年1800亿至1900亿美元Capex预期可能已经偏保守。随着AI数据中心建设持续提速、云计算需求保持强劲增长,Alphabet未来数年的AI基础设施投入仍可能维持上行趋势。

卡斯特拉诺预计,Alphabet或将在财报中将2026年资本开支指引上调至1900亿至2000亿美元,同时维持2027年开支将接近3000亿美元的相关表述不变。

与此同时,德意志银行也大幅提高了对Alphabet未来资本开支的预测。据华尔街见闻此前文章,德银预计,Alphabet 2027年Capex将达到约3250亿美元,较此前2500亿美元的预测明显上调;2028年资本开支则可能进一步升至3650亿至3700亿美元。

若这一趋势兑现,意味着AI基础设施投资周期仍在持续扩张,市场此前关于AI资本开支即将见顶、增长动能放缓的担忧或将面临重新定价。

AI军备竞赛升温:五大科技巨头2026年资本开支或突破7700亿美元

AI基础设施投资浪潮正在进入更大规模扩张阶段,Alphabet资本开支的走向,其市场意义已远超单季财报本身。

随着超大规模云厂商持续加码数据中心、算力和能源基础设施建设,资本投入正从过去的渐进式增长转向以千亿美元为单位的长期竞赛。

据市场数据,Alphabet、亚马逊、微软、Meta和甲骨文五家公司资本开支合计已从截至2025年4月的过去12个月2710亿美元,大幅提升至截至2026年4月的4820亿美元。按照各家公司现有指引及市场预期,五大巨头2026年全年资本开支预计将达到7450亿至7750亿美元,较前一周期增长约55%至61%。

这一数字不仅反映出科技巨头对AI商业化前景的押注,也意味着它们正在成为整个半导体产业链需求增长的核心驱动力。

五大巨头主导AI基础设施投资周期

需要注意的是,超7700亿美元资本开支并不会全部直接流向芯片供应商。其中包括服务器、网络设备、数据中心建设、土地、电力设施以及能源供应体系等多个领域。

但从产业链传导来看,每一座新增AI数据中心都将带动多个环节的同步扩张。从高性能计算芯片、HBM存储,到先进封装、晶圆制造、测试设备以及高速互联网络,AI基础设施投资正在形成完整的供应链拉动效应。

市场关注的核心在于,当前AI产业链的需求并非由单一企业驱动,而是由少数超大规模云厂商共同决定。它们对GPU、定制ASIC、HBM、光网络以及数据中心电力系统的采购节奏,正在成为衡量整个半导体周期景气度的重要指标。

因此,Alphabet资本开支是否进一步上调,不只是对Gemini模型和谷歌云业务前景的判断,更是对下一阶段AI基础设施需求强度的验证。

Meta出租缓冲,谷歌订单兜底——AI资本开支的两条路径

近期Meta考虑向外部客户出售部分AI基础设施容量,引发市场对AI投资是否出现过剩的讨论。但从产业逻辑看,这一动作更像是提高资产利用率,而非削减投资。

据富国银行调整后的预测,Meta推动部分AI基础设施容量外部化,主要原因是内部推理需求释放存在时间差,希望通过对外出租提前实现资产回报。这意味着Meta正在对已投入的算力资源进行商业化,而非因为需求不足而被迫消化过剩产能。

相比之下,Alphabet具备更强的内部消化能力。谷歌云目前积压合同金额达到4620亿美元,企业客户对AI算力和云服务的需求已经形成较强的订单支撑。这意味着Alphabet新增资本投入能够更直接对应未来收入增长,其资本开支扩张的商业确定性也更高。

Alphabet财报成为AI周期重要观察窗口

对于市场而言,Alphabet7月22日公布的二季度业绩,关键并不只是盈利和收入表现,而是管理层是否进一步提高AI资本开支预期。

如果Alphabet上调2026年资本支出指引,将强化市场对AI基础设施投资周期持续性的判断,并为芯片、存储、先进封装以及数据中心产业链提供新的基本面支撑。

反之,如果资本开支低于预期,市场可能重新评估AI投资回报周期,并对相关科技股估值形成短期压力。

随着微软、Meta和亚马逊随后公布业绩,华尔街将进一步观察这场AI基础设施竞赛是否仍在加速,以及数千亿美元资本投入能否持续转化为收入增长。

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