Delphi Digital:DeSci是否正在迎来第二波机会?

marsbitPublicado em 2026-05-07Última atualização em 2026-05-07

作者:Muhammad Yusuf,Delphi Digital研究员

编译:Yuliya,PANews

编者按:虽然BIO经历了近一个月的大涨,但切勿被短期的造富神话与代币狂欢所迷惑。当AI与开源模型将新药研发门槛降至冰点时,真正的医学突破依然无法绕开漫长且严苛的临床周期。面对加密圈缺乏耐心的投机炒作与传统科研的“资金寒冬”,DeSci确实迎来了破局良机。但它需要的绝不是几个月就换赛道的投机游戏,而是需要建立一个与临床里程碑严格绑定、由专业人士主导治理的融资基础设施,以确保其可持续发展。

一个名为peptAI的AI Agent仅用24小时就从头设计出一种新型ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍)多肽候选药物,将其通过八道验证流程,并输出了一种可直接用于湿实验室测试的分子。而实验室工作仅花费了几千美元。作为该项目支持平台的BIO Protocol,其代币随之暴涨105%。短短几个小时内,Crypto Twitter上有一半人的个人简介里都加上了“DeSci”字眼,就像六个月前他们纷纷加上“AI”一样。

如今,开源蛋白质折叠模型在零许可成本的情况下已经能与AlphaFold3相媲美,公共生物活性数据库涵盖了250万种化合物,而湿实验室的验证成本也降至2000美元以下。AI正在大幅压缩药物研发的成本和时间。在过去的一周里,我一直在试图弄清楚,这一次到底有什么真正的不同之处。

挺过一期临床说明不了什么

目前流传的数据是,AI发现的药物在一期临床试验中的成功率高达80-90%,而传统基准线仅为47%左右。但没人补充说明的是,一期临床测试的是药物是否会致人死亡,而不是能否治愈疾病。通过这一阶段只意味着你的化合物足够安全,可以继续研究,但它还需要经历后续的层层筛选,直到最终获得FDA的批准。

目前只有不到40种AI发现的化合物报告了二期临床数据,而完成三期临床的为零。Insilico Medicine的Rentosertib是目前现存最先进的AI发现化合物,它在2025年中期公布了针对特发性肺纤维化的积极二期a阶段结果(发表于《自然医学》杂志),并于2025年第四季度在中国开始三期临床入组。如果一切顺利(2027年完成入组,2028年数据读取,2029年进入FDA审查),对于这个包含173种药物的研发管线中最好的候选药物来说,你至少需要等待三年。而在这个管线中,有多款化合物在2025年因未达到特应性皮炎、精神分裂症和癌症的终点指标而被搁置。独立分析师认为,首个AI设计的药物在2027年获得FDA批准的概率为60%,但迄今为止,还没有任何一款AI设计的药物完成这一过程。

加密推特真的适合真正的DeSci吗?

现在,把这些时间线记在脑海里,再来看看BIO Protocol的图表。该代币从0.89美元跌至0.018美元,随后在peptAI消息的刺激下反弹了105%,交易量达到7.2亿美元,市值约为6800万美元。整个DeSci的融资逻辑建立在一个假设之上:代币持有者会耐心地等待长达七到十年的临床项目,然而现实是,甚至在一期临床数据揭盲之前,Crypto Twitter就已经转向下一个叙事了。

Pump Science甚至在GitHub上泄露了自己的私钥,催生了一堆欺诈代币,其中一个竟然直接叫Cocaine(可卡因),而且IP-NFT的强制执行力也从未在法庭上得到过检验。

开源与DeSci的较量

如果我们不陷入条件反射式的自欺欺人和长期的投机炒作之中,开源科学或许能为DeSci带来一线希望。

2025年10月,OpenFold联盟在Apache2.0许可下发布了OpenFold3。它是完全可训练、可商业使用的,基于30多万个实验确定的结构构建(不像AlphaFold3那样被Google限制为仅供学术使用)。来自MIT和Recursion的Boltz-2以比基于物理的方法快1000倍的速度联合预测蛋白质结构和结合亲和力。

Baker实验室在12月发布了RFdiffusion3。ChEMBL拥有250万种具有完整ADMET分布的生物活性化合物,任何拥有笔记本电脑的人都可以免费使用。过去制药公司需要花费数百万美元在内部构建的基础设施,现在正以宽松的许可证存放在GitHub上,而且有五家制药公司目前正通过Federated OpenFold3 Initiative(联邦OpenFold3倡议),在他们专有的药物-蛋白质库上进行联邦训练。

Crypto Twitter上没人谈论这些,因为没有代币可以交易,而且我非常怀疑这些代码库的核心贡献者是否会对发币感到兴奋。

科学界的资金紧缺

2025年,超过7800项NIH和NSF的资助被终止或暂停,超过50亿美元的资金被冻结。NIH(美国国立卫生研究院,全球最大的生物医学研究公共资助机构,每年预算约470亿美元)的预算保持不变,因为国会一直在拨款,但政府仍然冻结了资金管道。新的竞争性拨款奖励从2024财年的11659项骤降至2025财年的6095项,降幅达48%。研究人员申请资金的成功率从21%降至13%,Fred Hutch损失了5.08亿美元,哈佛大学损失了9.45亿美元。

这种资金缺口正是DeSci的推销如果操作得当就能获得机会的原因。2025年7月,由VitaDAO资助的Gero与Chugai Pharmaceutical(罗氏子公司,市值约1000亿美元)签署了一项研究和许可协议,其里程碑付款高达2.5亿美元。这是DAO资助的项目首次产出被真正的制药公司估值为九位数的东西。这一过程在没有发生治理斗争或跑路的情况下顺利完成,仍然是该领域发生的最重要的事情。

漫长的四年

今年有15到20种AI发现的药物进入三期临床,而Rentosertib的数据读取最早也要到2028年才会落地,这意味着关于这一切是否能转化为在人体内起作用的药物,真正的定论还有数年之遥。无论是否存在代币,开源技术栈都将继续压缩成本,而资金真空将继续把研究人员推向任何愿意开支票的人。如今,开源蛋白质折叠模型在零许可成本的情况下已经能与AlphaFold3相媲美,湿实验室的验证成本降至2000美元以下,而NIH刚刚公布了二十年来最低的拨款成功率。

即使AI兑现了其支持者承诺的一切,并将药物开发的时间表压缩一半,从发现到批准仍然需要四到五年的周期,而且这还是假设三期临床成功率确实有所提高的乐观情况。在一个投资组合信念随着季度财报电话会议而轮动的行业里,四年是个漫长的等待,代币持有者甚至将六个月的持有当作无期徒刑一样难熬。

药物发现和创新的成本每个季度都在下降,无论代币是否受到欢迎。NIH的资金短缺情况也让人堪忧。或许在这两者之间,存在一种可行的模式,代币可以为特定试验和里程碑提供资金,而治理则由专业人士负责。Gero与Chugai的合作是DAO资助项目能够生产出制药公司愿意支付九位数金额的首个证明。除了消除炒作,我也好奇是否会有人为真正的去中心化科学构建防御性融资基础设施。

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