Space 精华回顾|香港“刹车”,美国“放行”?RWA 分水岭时刻!

比推Publicado em 2025-10-01Última atualização em 2025-10-01

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主办:

BitpushNews × Ant Lab
嘉宾:

  • 币圈天机阁 (Web3 KOL)

  • 猫总(京阪住业 CEO)

  • AmyLi (资深投资人 / Quantum & Space & Infra / Atomic Foundation)
    Aldrich Wong (FUTU US,Web3 产品与合规运营)

Space 链接:

https://x.com/i/spaces/1RDGlApebZVJL

摘要:

本次space讨论了香港和美国在监管方面不同的举措对行业的影响。近年来,香港努力打造国际金融中心,但面临部分券商业务被叫停等问题。与此同时,美国在加密ETF、稳定币和数字资产市场表现活跃。此外,嘉宾还探讨了美国市场如何平衡稳定币的竞争与监管问题,并预测了未来几年的关键发展点。

香港与日本的RWA现状有何差异?

猫总:
香港和日本在RWA领域,立法和创新上肯定是香港走在前面的,日本目前的情况是举步维艰。今年如果能把稳定币JPY搞好,已经谢天谢地了。RWA立法在日本推进很难,而香港的速度明显更快。

香港的政策本身没有放缓迹象,从政策层面看依然开放,但“参与者”发生了变化。过去RWA领域,中资券商和银行参与度很高,这些“南下资金”对市场推动作用很大。中资暂停后,市场只能依靠港资和外资推动。

目前中央划了红线,不允许RWA业务与中国大陆居民产生直接联系。可以服务海外持有币的中国投资者,但不能服务大陆居民。这是为了防止洗钱和外汇流失等风险。

现在的香港RWA出现了两个问题:
一是中资退出后流动性下降;二是RWA项目普遍缺乏安全保障。比如很多项目声称资产背后有不动产支持,但没人能为此担保,也没有保险公司愿意兜底。一旦出现问题,没有监管机构敢接管,导致市场信任度下降、流动性变差,和NFT晚期阶段有些类似。

美国监管层如何看待RWA与稳定币?

Amy Li:
RWA其实是建立在稳定币体系之上的。美国最近的监管变化非常关键,原本在白宫负责加密政策的顾问离职后独立创立了USAT,并用自己制定的监管框架推动合规进程。

美国的RWA推进,背后是白宫体系内的传统金融力量,比如Cantor Group、Citadel等。这些机构深度参与了USAT、USDC等稳定币的发展。

RWA的落地,本质上不是“把房产上链”,那太难实现。更合理的做法是把实物资产以基金的形式金融化,再把这些基金代币化,上链形成1:1映射。

目前RWA确实有点像2021年NFT晚期阶段,热度高但缺乏实质应用。但从更长周期看,叠加AI、量子计算等技术趋势,RWA会成为数字金融与智能基础设施的重要结合点。

此外,美国政府在底层安全上也在提前布局。比如“抗量子算法”法案要求所有金融系统在2030年前完成迁移,这意味着未来的RWA、稳定币甚至比特币,都必须具备量子安全性。

美国券商如何在合规框架下推进RWA?

Aldrich Wong:
美国的监管方式很独特,没有单独出台针对RWA的法律,而是依托既有的金融体系,由多个机构共同监管:

  • SEC判断资产是否属于证券;

  • CFTC负责大宗商品类资产;

  • OFAC负责反洗钱和反恐融资;

  • NYDFS要求机构具备信托基金牌照和托管资格。

这种体系虽然复杂,但成熟、稳定,能多层叠加、逐步推进。
香港是“先立法、再让市场适应”;美国则是“先放行市场、再补监管”。

我目前在FUTU US负责加密业务运营。今年主要聚焦在稳定币、RWA代币化、托管和交易所合规框架建设上。我们的观察是:香港的审批速度较慢,合规成本高,很多独立项目都开始出走香港,转向新加坡或美国。

另外,我认为美国监管机构主要关注三点:
资产筛选:判断资产是否属于证券,是否能豁免。
托管与结算安全:机构要满足SOC1、SOC2标准,还需通过NYDFS信托牌照审核。
投资者保护:设置投资者白名单、KYC机制、投资门槛和锁定期。

稳定币的放开,是RWA的地基。稳定币是美元在链上的影子,它将成为RWA定价与流通的核心媒介。谁掌握稳定币的发行与背书权,谁就能定义未来RWA的规则。

中资叫停RWA是否意味着长期制度性调整?

猫总:
这件事的背后其实是中央层面的决定,不是港府主动干预。港府是支持RWA的,因为香港现在经济困难,如果不让币圈资本进来,风险更大。

但中央对于币圈的态度一直很谨慎,尤其担心资本外流和洗钱问题。除非找到一个“可控”的机制,让资金流动在监管下运行,否则中资不会被允许重新参与。

中央可能在寻找一个契机点,一旦找到类似离岸人民币那样的可控机制,就会重新放行。
目前香港和美国都把RWA控制在“合格投资者”范围内,美国的STO只对合格投资者开放,这其实和中国现在的思路非常相似。

未来是否能进入真正的牛市,关键还是要看政策是否松绑。只要政策松绑,牛市就会立刻启动;如果继续收紧,就会停滞不前。

稳定币政策将如何影响RWA发展?

Amy Li:
我认同稳定币要先走一步的逻辑。RWA需要一个全球流通的“蓄水池”,只有稳定币的体量足够大,RWA才能接住这些资金。

我认为美国不会再造一套全新的法律,而是把RWA交给合格机构去承接,用传统华尔街的方式去操作,让它自然落地。

稳定币监管放开意味着什么?

Aldrich Wong:
美国的“放开”并不是完全无监管,而是从“模糊”转向“接纳”。

SEC 现在已经正式承认稳定币的市场地位。更多主流机构进入,比如 JP Morgan、PayPal 等,稳定币发行权从加密原生企业扩展到金融和科技巨头,形成了竞争与平衡的状态。

从战略层面看,稳定币是美元数字化的核心工具,它是美国在链上延伸美元霸权的重要手段。
美国给它设定了监管“框架”,但允许创新在这个框架内充分发展,这是一种短期内相对完美的平衡。

香港的稳定币生态还有机会吗?

猫总:
现在香港OTC几乎都停了,USDT、USDC兑换被全面限制。市面上只有一些私人兑换渠道,但风险极高,银行频繁冻卡,反洗钱监管非常严。

日本的情况好很多,现金依然可以直接买房、买车、买游艇。我们公司在日本做数字货币购房,客户主要来自币圈,这说明日本的政策更灵活。
但高端资产投资仍依赖香港结算。

香港想要推动官方稳定币,目前难度很大。港府在推“数字港元”,但要获得中央批准并不容易。
USDT虽然占比高,但因为历史反洗钱问题,港府不会认可。Circle 的USDC反而更可能成为未来的合规标准。

关键时间窗口:RWA爆发点何时到来?

Aldrich Wong:
从美国来看,目前有一个稳定币法案叫“基尼斯法案联邦法”,里面规定生效时间为成文后18个月,或主管机构发布细则后120天。
按18个月计算,从7月18日发文起,到2027年1月左右将会正式落地。

香港的稳定币牌照将在2025年8月1日生效,首批牌照预计在2026年初发放
因此,2026年上半年很可能会是第一波爆发的时间窗口。

RWA周期是否已进入牛市?

猫总:
目前RWA已经进入熊市阶段,流动性下降、融资困难。
不过RWA的周期比股票短,只要出现一个应用爆发点,比如政策松绑或创新突破,就能快速进入新一轮牛市。

Aldrich Wong:
我同意。判断牛熊市的本质,还是看币圈叙事是否重新被点燃。
下一轮的核心一定是RWA和稳定币,因为只有它们能真正让机构带着真金白银进场。RWA的合规化与稳定币的开放,将成为下一轮牛市的根基。

结语

从香港的“急刹车”到美国的“放绿灯”,RWA的监管正在进入一个全球分水岭。
香港在探索监管与开放的平衡,美国则通过市场先行、监管后补的方式建立制度优势。
稳定币成为全球资金流动的桥梁,而RWA则是现实金融资产的“上链通道”。
谁能在“可控”与“开放”之间找到平衡,谁就将定义下一代数字金融秩序。


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