第二篇丨深度分析Perp DEX:Hyperliquid、Aster、Lighter、edgeX

marsbitPublicado em 2025-09-22Última atualização em 2025-09-23

Aster- 币安新立的“储君”

这一代Perp DEX已经与“GMX, DYDX”那一代Perp DEX有了本质区别。因其主体还是Perp DEX,所以标题还是用Perp DEX来讨论。

Aster取得了第一阶段(TGE)的胜利,漂亮的大胜。空投-拉盘-造富效应是最好的营销再一次被验证,Aster赚足了曝光和用户,并吸血Hyperliquid,再次完美展示了“钞能力”的暴力美学。

接下来社区更加关注Aster TGE后的第二条增长曲线,即真实交易用户增长&留存和手续费收入情况。毕竟非真实手续费收入的拉盘是短期、不可持续的。

Aster和Hyperliquid产品/技术层面对比

Hyperliquid= 自研 L1 上的全链 CLOB交易所。

Aster = 双形态,兼顾小白与专业用户(Pro=订单簿、1001倍Simple=一键/AMM式)+ 多链入口,并在走向自研 L1(Aster Chain)的路上。1001倍Simple模式面向新人和轻量用户,提供傻瓜式的一键交易更适合小白用户,是个很好拉新产品。

Hyperliquid 链上撮合、量化友好,性能和流动性均强于Aster;Aster的Pro模式有隐形订单/抗MEV,适合不想暴露挂单与方向的资金。

两者基础费率区间相仿,Aster基础费率略低一点(Aster maker 0.01% / taker 0.035% 、Hyperliquid maker 0.01% / taker 0.045%)Hyperliquid可用 HYPE 质押降费(最高40%),Aster提供VIP等级优惠。

Hyperliquid充提走自有桥,支持Arbitrum USDC充值,提现固定 1 USDC;Aster 强“免心智桥接”的多链入口,支持 BNB链、以太坊、Arbitrum、Solana 等多个链的用户接入,比Hyperliquid要多。

产品外延方面,Hyperliquid有现货、用户/协议金库(HLP),并启动 USDH 稳定币“竞标制”发行(Native Markets 赢得 USDH 代码位)Aster有现货、延伸到股票/指数 perp、收益抵押(asBNB/USDF)与隐私执行。

技术上,Aster主打“暗池”,保护隐私。 隐藏订单(Hidden Orders)功能已上线 ,此功能由“产品经理”CZ提出。允许用户的限价单完全隐藏于订单簿之外(数量和方向均不公开),通过隐私技术避免大单被跟踪。

“隐藏订单”功能我也有跟一个交易所产品朋友聊过,有利有弊。或许一些机构和大户有“隐藏自己”的需求,但是少了很多被“围观”的可能性,没有噱头和曝光效应,也牺牲了一些“公开透明”原则,可能导致链上信息不全,生态伙伴无法做全面的数据分析。Jeff和CZ对此也持完全不同的观点。总之,Aster将“隐私优先”作为卖点,市场买不买单还在等待验证。

Aster 较Hyperliquid相比,中长尾资产深度稍显不足,但这个对于币安来说不是问题,流动性是币安的强项,币安肯定也会持续的输血流动性到Aster。

其他的如网格交易,Aster有,Hyperliquid没有。对冲模式,Aster有,Hyperliquid没有。“统一账户”两家都没有,但是作为提升资金利用率的大杀器,未来Aster在币安的支持下更容易做到,这是Hyperliquid的弱项。整体功能上差异不大。

保证金 方面Aster 用USDT (华语区用的较多),Hyperliquid USDC(欧美区合规区用的较多),跟Hyperliquid社区欧美强,Aster社区亚洲强也相符。或许Aster想拓展欧美区合规市场可以考虑上下USDC。

Aster和Hyperliquid 代币经济学对比

分配与稀释路径

ASTER 把 53.5% (格局拉满,比HYPE多了20%)直接给空投与社区,团队仅5%且1年cliff+40个月线性释放;总量8B固定,APX→ASTER 1:1 迁移纳入生态池,前期解锁较多但长期稀释更可控。

HYPE 初始1B上限(现有提案建议移除上限并大幅减供)社区导向占比高(31% 创世空投 + 38.888% FECR 待发),23.8% 核心贡献者将自 2025-11-29 起24个月线性解锁,中短期解锁压力显著。

价值回流机制

HYPE 强买回/回购-销毁飞轮:协议费用大比例流向援助基金(AF)在二级市场回购 HYPE;多家研究给出 92–97% 费用用于回购或相关机制,但官方口径未固定、时段差异大,需以链上为准。牛市放大、熊市收缩。

ASTER 明确写入“协议收入的一部分用于 ASTER 回购 + 治理奖励分配”,节奏更偏政策性与治理可调,与 APX 迁移、空投释放并行。

近期变动对价格结构的影响

HYPE:Arthur Hayes提醒未来24个月约119 亿美元等值解锁(核心贡献者自2025-11-29 起 24 个月线性),有鲸鱼提早提币/移动引发关注。

社区里Jon发起提案<Proposal to Reduce HYPE Total Supply by 45%>:撤销 FECR (未来社区奖励)未发授权、销毁援助基金持仓与后续所得,并移除 10 亿上限——若通过,名义总量下降 >45%,但改为持续发行;净效应取决于具体细则及通过概率。

提案部分总结内容:

“We propose the following changes to Hyperliquid’s economic model:

  • Future Emissions & Community Rewards (FECR) - Revoke authorization for all unminted HYPE currently allocated to FECR.
  • Assistance Fund (AF) - Burn all HYPE currently held in the AF. Burn all HYPE acquired by the AF on an ongoing basis.
  • Max Supply - Remove the max supply cap of 1bn HYPE. Ongoing token issuance (e.g., for staking emissions or community rewards) would now increase the total supply.

The result is an immediate >45% reduction in HYPE's total supply.”

这是一个非常大胆创新的提案。巨大的预留池抛压是所有代币模型普遍存在的问题。

  1. HYPE代币模型中未来社区奖励约占初始分配的38.89%,是市场最关心的潜在稀释来源。提案直接消除长期解锁的供给悬顶。
  2. AF(援助/助推基金)改为“买回即销毁”:AF 过去用收入在二级市场回购 HYPE 并持有;按提案,已持有与后续买到的 HYPE 都烧掉,从“库存/国库”变成永久销毁,持续形成买压但不再积累筹码。
  3. 取消 10 亿上限 + 持续发行:未来用于质押奖励、社区激励等将靠按规则持续发行(通胀轨道),不是动用一个巨大的预留池。

接下来看团队和Jeff如何回应,起码第2条还是挺容易实现的。如果有实质性的回复来对冲 2025-11-29巨额解锁的“利空”,HYPE的价格有望稳住上升。

ASTER:由 APX↔ASTER 迁移 + TGE 后多链叙事、名人(Mr Beast - CZ 大Boss)背书驱动,短期流速快、波动大;但团队占比低、大头给社区与生态,长期稀释路径更透明。但真实手续费收入带来的回购买盘较Hyperliquid还有很大差距。

Aster和Hyperliquid 分发渠道对比

分发渠道上,Aster和Hyperliquid有着“范式”上的区别,是两条不同的轨道。

Aster:更偏“人以群分”,用户→用户的邀请返佣。你拉新,平台按被邀请人交易费的一定比例返给你,关系按账户绑定、有有效期、且常与积分/团队加成绑在一起,是CEX交易所邀请制在DEX的延展,本质是渠道拉新奖励,过度依赖KOL,需要跟不同的CEX“卷”一下。

Hyperliquid:更偏“产品以用分”,前端→用户的基础设施级收费。你做一个前端/接口,把单子以你的 Builder Codes 下单,每单可叠加Builder Fee(链上结算,用户事先授权上限,可随时撤销),100%归 builder,平台不需要再二次分配。这不是“拉新分佣”,而是你作为“基础设施/应用”直接定价的模式。把DeFi开发者转化为分销伙伴,形成 B2B2C 式分发网络。(第一篇文章中有一些Builder Codes的数据)

Aster

如此笔订单,作为Builder Codes的builder,我获得了0.15 USDC的收入。(我设置的返佣是6bps,加了1.5bps,而且我可以灵活的调整增加还是降低,但最高增加10bps)

另外,Staking Referral应该是还可以叠加给 builder,如我通过质押HYPE获得的手续费折扣可以作为builder 让利给用户,不过此处细节我需要再确认一下。

虽然Hyperliquid也有邀请返佣,Builder Codes + Referral 的“双层分发”,但是Referral最高只有10%而且有限额,不是重点。在第一篇文章中有详细介绍。

前面提到1001倍Simple模式是个很好的拉新产品,如果Aster能够开发把此产品接入更多的DeFi分销前端,我们是很乐意参与分销一起赚钱。

最后,开个脑洞乱说一下

Aster从“亲儿子”正式升级为“储君”,储君未来是要继承皇位的,甚至最终形成BNB和Aster的双核发动机。Aster Chain甚至有可能跟 BNBChain 整合,即终极形态的Aster L1。

Hyperliquid L1= Hyperliquid core + Hyperliquid EVM

Aster L1 =Aster Chain + BNBChain

最终总结

综合对比,Hyperliquid L1已经成型,Aster Chain还未上线。Hyperliquid的真实交易量和OI当前远超Aster,社区和生态也暂时领先。而且Hyperliquid真正强在整个社区和生态伙伴共建的HIP(HIP-3、HIP-4的想象空间巨大),期待Aster L1早日成型然后带来AIP-1、AIP-2、AIP-3 ……

简单说,目前Hyperliquid是要领先Aster一代的,像5代机对4代机的领先,但是在全方位体系化作战中,4代机未必一定会输,最终拼的是生态协同作战。谁能拿下最终的 “AWS of Liquidity ”还是个未知数

神仙打架,其他Perp DEX的出路在哪,下一篇Lighter。

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