Tether занялась криптокредитованием. Почему эмитент USDT вышел в лидеры рынка

cryptonews.ruPublicado em 2025-01-14Última atualização em 2025-04-14

Эмитент стейблкоина USDT входит в тройку крупнейших централизованных криптовалютных кредиторов

Крупнейший эмитентов стейблкоинов, компания Tether Holdings, стала одним из основных источников ликвидности на рынке цифровых активов после краха, который несколько лет назад почти уничтожил весь сектор криптокредитования, пишет Bloomberg со ссылкой на отчет Galaxy Digital.

Tether входит в тройку крупнейших централизованных криптокредиторов наряду с Galaxy Digital миллиардера Майка Новограца и финансовой компанией Ledn, с совокупным объемом кредитного портфеля почти в $10 млрд по состоянию на четвертый квартал 2024 года. Эти три компании составляют 89% рынка кредитования CeFi — централизованных финансовых проектов на рынке криптовалют.

Рост популярности Tether в этом секторе последовал за крахом ряда крупных криптовалютных кредиторов, таких как BlockFi, Celsius Network и Genesis. Эти компании объявили о банкротстве в 2022 году, причиной этому отчасти было отсутствие управления рисками. На фоне этого доля Tether на рынке централизованных кредиторов выросла с менее чем 20% во втором квартале 2021 года примерно до 70% в конце 2022 года. По состоянию на конец 2024 года этот показатель все еще составлял около 70%.

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«Они начали свою деятельность во время экономического спада и, вероятно, стали действительно необходимым источником ликвидности на этом рынке. Они явно являются крупным игроком», — написал руководитель отдела исследований Galaxy Digital Алекс Торн.

По итогам 2024 года Tether отчиталась о заработке $13 млрд, что делает ее, вероятно, одной из самых прибыльных криптовалютных компаний. Фирма, зарегистрированная в Сальвадоре и выпускающая крупнейший стейблкоин USDT, в последние годы значительно диверсифицировала бизнес, и занялась новыми проектами в сфере кредитования.

В ноябре 2024 года Tether профинансировала сделку по сырой нефти на $45 млн при помощи USDT на Ближнем Востоке в октябре. О планах Tether заняться кредитованием сырьевых компаний впервые написал Bloomberg в октябре того же года. По словам собеседников издания, предложение Tether на этом рынке выглядит привлекательно за счет менее жестких нормативных условий по сравнению с другими кредиторами, что может ускорить переводы средств и закрытие сделок.

В то же время журналисты сообщали, что Tether вела переговоры с Cantor Fitzgerald о разработке многомиллиардной программы по выдаче кредитов под залог биткоинов. Cantor, во главе которой до своего назначения в этом году стоял министр торговли США Говард Латник, является хранителем казначейских облигаций США, принадлежащих Tether и обеспечивающих стейблкоин USDT.

«Эти кредиты, как правило, краткосрочные и подлежат строгому контролю рисков, включая маржу и ликвидацию. Хотя мы не раскрываем конкретную структуру каждого соглашения, вся кредитная деятельность направлена на обеспечение полного и ликвидного покрытия USDT в любое время. Tether никогда не допускала дефолта по какому-либо кредиту. Tether никогда не отказывался от погашения кредита для проверенного клиента, что подчеркивает надежность и консервативность нашего управления резервами», — заявили в компании.

Тем временем, по данным Galaxy, происходит сокращение рынка централизованных кредиторов. По состоянию на конец четвертого квартала 2024 года общий размер непогашенных займов составлял $11,2 млрд, или 68% от рекордного уровня, говорится в отчете.

Доля рынка децентрализованного финансирования (DeFi) превзошла централизованные сервисы. В отличие от сектора CeFi, на DeFi-платформах заемщики берут кредиты по запрограммированным протоколам без каких-либо посредников.

Общий объем рынка криптокредитования по состоянию на четвертый квартал 2024 года, включая стейблкоины, обеспеченные криптоактивами, составил $36,5 млрд. Это на 43% меньше рекордного показателя в $64,4 млрд в четвертом квартале 2021 года.

Ранее, на прошлой неделе, глава Tether Паоло Ардоино в интервью Forbes рассказал, что «рад быть другом» проекту криптокредитования семьи Трампов World Liberty Financial, на которой пользователи могут брать и давать в долг криптоактивы, создавать пулы ликвидности и совершать сделки со стейблкоинами. По словам Ардоино, он готов помогать им в запуске стейблкоина USD1.

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