FTX债权人索赔将近,超100亿美元资产还会回流加密市场吗?

Odaily星球日报Publicado em 2025-02-13Última atualização em 2025-02-13

Resumo

FTX 的命运走到了尽头。

原文作者:Pzai,Foresight News

FTX 的命运走到了尽头。

2 月 8 日,这家轰然倒塌的加密货币交易所放弃了重组计划,宣布开始向第一批债权人进行赔付。

FTX 在其官方社交平台上表示:「它将于 2025 年 2 月 18 日开始向其第 11 章重组便利类别计划中允许的债权持有人进行初始分配。符合条件的债权人应预计在 2025 年 2 月 18 日起的 1 至 3 个工作日内收到分配。」

FTX 是由前华尔街交易员 Sam Bankman-Fried(SBF)在 2017 年创建的加密交易所,其在美国市场有着巨大影响力,曾经是全球第二大加密货币交易平台,仅次于币安。但其与 Sam Bankman-Fried 创立的另一家加密公司 Alameda 之间混乱的财务状况被曝光后,在短短一周内遭到挤兑后破产。

自从 2022 年 FTX 破产后,一代加密枭雄 Sam Bankman-Fried 和它的 FTX 便仓皇步入历史尘埃中。而事关数万用户资产的 FTX 破产重组计划自 2023 年起历经波折,并终于在 2025 年迎来了关键进展。

根据之前的重组计划,FTX 债权人预期将获得全额乃至超额的现金赔付,而 2 月 18 日启动的初始分配无疑为长期等待的债权人带来了曙光。

赔付计划细节

据彭博社报道,对于具体赔付计划而言,小额债权人(索赔金额不超过 5 万美元)占总债权人数量的 98% ,他们将获得 118% 的赔付,即本金加上 9% 的年化利息。对于大额债权人,赔付比例则根据索赔类型有所不同,最高可达 142% 。

此外,非政府债权人也将获得本金加利息的赔偿。这一赔付计划旨在最大限度地保障债权人的利益,减少他们的损失。而债权人需要在 2025 年 1 月 20 日之前的规定时间内完成 KYC 验证并通过 Bitgo、Kraken 等代理机构接受款项,以确保身份的真实性和合法性。

本次赔付的负责机构之一是知名审计机构普华永道,该机构称受支持司法管辖区的合格客户 / 债权人将被邀请创建一个 BitGO 账户,并在此帐户中收到其分配。非企业客户 / 债权人的赔付预计将于 2025 年第 2 季度开始。

但在之前的流程中,部分债权人对赔付方式提出了异议,主要集中在现金赔付与加密货币赔付之间的选择。2023 年 12 月 26 日,FTX 破产案的管理人向法院提交了修改后的重组申请书,FTX 的破产管理人提出以美元为资产计算单位,估算客户的加密资产索赔额,另外有关资产将以破产日(即 2022 年 11 月 11 日)确定基准价以进行价值估算。

相关法庭文件显示,在全额支付索赔后,只要资金仍有结余该计划还规定向债权人支付额外的利息。

FTX债权人索赔将近,超100亿美元资产还会回流加密市场吗?

FTX 的「加密遗产」

作为彼时的加密领头羊之一,FTX 在崩溃后还留下了不少遗产。

据多家媒体报道, 2024 年 5 月 7 日,该公司向美国破产法院提交的修订后重组计划显示,一旦完成所有资产出售,该公司将有 145 亿至 163 亿美元资金可供取用。而目前 FTX 欠客户和其他非政府债权人约 110 亿美元。这也意味着,FTX 的债权人有望获得其破产时加密资产对应的法币价值。

那么如此庞大的资金量,后续是否会对市场产生一定影响呢?

根据 Arkham 数据,FTX 旗下仍然拥有 13 亿美元的加密资产,其中 50% 以上为 FTT,价值 5.26 亿美元。而目前 FTT 代币的总市值约为 7 亿美元,一旦 FTX 进行清算,该代币将受到毁灭性打击。

而最关键的比特币与以太坊资产,目前 Arkham 数据显示,FTX 并不持有相关资产。其余代币的交易量也大多相对惨淡,前几大持仓代币 OXY、MAPS、MEDIA 等均以几乎无流动性,故这一部分资产的潜在清算对于加密货币总体市场的影响较小。

FTX债权人索赔将近,超100亿美元资产还会回流加密市场吗?

不过值得注意的是, 2 月 12 日,据余烬监测,FTX/Alameda 在 6 小时前进行了每月一次的 SOL 赎回转出:从质押中赎回了 184162 枚 SOL 并分发转出到 23 个地址。 FTX/Alameda 质押地址从 2023 年 11 月以来,通过上面这种方式累计赎回并转出了 462.9 万枚 SOL,转出均价 116.2 美元。目前 FTX/Alameda 质押地址还有 633.8 万枚 SOL 在质押中,价值 12.7 亿美元。这笔资产目前并不清楚会如何处置。

而另一则有趣的新闻显示,赔付债权人资产不仅成 FTX 的最后使命,也成了其「免死金牌」。在 2024 年 8 月,纽约一名法官最终批准已倒闭的加密货币交易所 FTX 及其姊妹交易公司 Alameda Research 向 FTX 债权人偿还 127 亿美元,作为与美国商品期货交易委员会 (CFTC) 达成和解的一部分。CFTC 的 40 亿美元的索赔排在债权人和利息之后,支付给 CFTC 的款项将转入补充减免基金,用于补偿受到严重损害的加密货币持有者(只有在资金充足的情况下才支付)。

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