元宇宙的两个基本点:用户体验和经济体系

元宇宙之道Publicado em 2022-06-04Última atualização em 2022-06-04

Resumo

元宇宙很火,元宇宙技术讨论也仍在继续。

元宇宙很火,元宇宙技术讨论也仍在继续。

从互联网的发展历程上看,综合业界的各类说法,元宇宙有两个需要特别关注的核心:用户体验和经济体系。

第一大类元宇宙更强调用户体验,从狭义元宇宙出发,从人与数字世界的交互入手,从终端和内容入手,强调沉浸式等更加友好的用户体验和内容。代表性技术不仅有VR、AR和XR,还可以扩展到脑机接口甚至数字人等,让用户能够便利地创造3D内容,让应用延展到教育、文化和艺术等领域。在这里,用户创造3D内容的平台化是关键。

体验类元宇宙,与今天的PC互联网、移动互联网和物联网等存在传承关系。早年只支持文字的计算机和互联网是1D的,后来能够支持图片和视频的计算机和互联网发展到了2D,元宇宙的VR/AR希望把互联网发展到3D。

毕竟,真实世界是3D的,而现在的数字孪生,就像是《三体》中的二向箔,把3D的现实世界缩维到了2D的数字世界。另外,元宇宙的数字孪生,要从对现实世界的单向数字化,进阶到虚实两个世界的双向互动和控制。

第二大类元宇宙更强调经济体系,聚焦数字世界中数字资产的价值分配和交换等,希望打造一个数字原生的、可自循环的数字经济新生态,代表性技术和概念包括分布式身份、区块链、NFT、DeFi、DAO,打包后被称为Web3。

Web3与今天的Web1和Web2等,存在传承关系。Web1是只读的,Web2是可读写的,但Web1和Web2都还是面向信息,而经济类元宇宙基于Web3,是面向数字资产的价值互联网。

今天的数字经济,基本就是现有经济的“数字化转型”,数字产业化的运转还必须依赖于现有的经济体系。所有数字产业,无论是产业数字化还是数字产业化,依托的都还是传统的经济和金融体系。

之所以说元宇宙的经济体系是数字原生的,有三点原因:

一是元宇宙的产品和服务,只面向数字内容,可以没有实体。

二是元宇宙的经济体系可在虚拟世界内循环和自循环,具有相对完整的数字内容生产、确权、估值、流通和激励等机制,可独立于现实社会的经济体系。

三是可通过Token和数字交易所等,与现实经济体系进行价值交换,以获得虚拟世界自身无法生产的产品和服务,比如吃喝拉撒睡等,可以称之为“宇外贸易”,即元宇宙与现实世界的“跨界”贸易。

因此,折中的元宇宙,要么引入VR/AR等技术,要么引入Web3,二条至少满足一条。当然,能把二者同时引入,那就更像元宇宙了

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