FSB表示,全球采用稳定币对发展中经济体来说是有风险的

币界网Publicado em 2024-07-26Última atualização em 2024-07-26

币界网报道:

金融稳定委员会(FSB)对稳定币的全球传播发出了警告,特别是关于其对发展中经济体的影响。

虽然稳定币因其能够使交易更顺畅并提供稳定的价值存储而受到称赞,但金融稳定委员会的报告强调了一系列潜在问题。

2022年一些稳定币的崩溃已经表明,如果这些资产没有得到很好的监管,它们是多么脆弱,。金融稳定委员会指出了金融不稳定、非法活动风险和消费者保护等问题。

这些问题在监管体系不那么强大的发展中经济体更为明显。该报告指出,稳定币可能会扰乱金融体系,特别是在监管框架较弱的国家。

FSB says global adoption of stablecoins is risky for developing economies

对于新兴经济体来说,与外币挂钩的稳定币的广泛使用可能会导致金融不稳定。这是因为这些数字资产可能导致资本外流,使财政资源紧张。

另一个大问题是,新兴市场和发展中经济体(EMDE)可能没有适当监管这些稳定币的工具,特别是如果它们是在其他国家发行的。这造成了监管差距,使这些经济体变得脆弱。

该报告指出,这些经济体甚至可能没有控制外国发行的稳定币的法律权力,这些稳定币可能会在发行国不被认可的情况下变得具有系统重要性。

金融稳定委员会还解释了与稳定币相关的宏观金融风险。在许多发展中国家,人们强烈倾向于使用与美元挂钩的稳定币来对冲本币波动和通货膨胀。

这种偏好可能会削弱一个国家的货币政策,破坏金融稳定。如果人们开始使用稳定币而不是当地货币,这可能会使政府更难管理其经济。

“如果当地企业和家庭更愿意储蓄和投资不与国内法定货币挂钩的稳定币,或者将其用作交换媒介,货币政策传导可能会减弱。”

此外,金融稳定委员会警告称,消费者和投资者保护面临风险。在EMDE中,如果这些资产没有得到适当的监管,稳定币的快速采用可能会导致财务损失。

报告指出,这些国家需要全面的监管框架来应对这些风险。这包括金融诚信、消费者保护和宏观经济政策协调措施。

金融稳定委员会的建议包括实施监管稳定币的高级指导方针,重点关注金融稳定和完整性。

他们还建议新兴经济体考虑采取额外措施,如改善数字支付基础设施,并提供技术援助以更好地管理这些资产。

FSB says global adoption of stablecoins is risky for developing economies

尽管存在这些担忧,但报告承认其调查结果是基于初步数据,仍然存在数据差距。

它发现,与更发达的经济体相比,新兴市场经济体对稳定币的兴趣和活动水平更高。

原因各不相同,从使用稳定币作为对冲通胀的手段,到投机性交易和跨境交易。金融稳定委员会强调,监管机构之间需要国际合作和更好的信息共享。

这在发达经济体和EMDE之间尤为重要,可以有效地管理与稳定币相关的风险。

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