链GDP:一个评估公链繁荣程度的新指标?

币界网Publicado em 2024-07-16Última atualização em 2024-07-16

币界网报道:

作者:Dynamo DeFi,编译:0xjs@

最近我一直在开发一种新的链上指标,以恰当地捕捉区块链上的经济活动。

就像我常说的那样,分析区块链的一个有用框架是将它们视为数字经济体:

  • 激励计划=刺激

  • 流动性流入=外国投资

那么,衡量这一活动的最佳指标是什么?

当前的指标存在许多问题:

TVL——代表美元,但不代表活动。受大额存款影响,并非所有 TVL 都具有同等生产力。

TX 数量——代表活动,但不代表金额。这很容易让人上当。

DEX 交易量——代表美元和活动,但仅代表特定类型的经济活动。不捕获游戏甚至其他 DeFi 项目的活动。

链GDP——链GDP 衡量链上的美元和活动。本质上,这是链上应用程序产生的所有费用的总和。注意:这并不意味着只有链本身的费用。

由于只计算费用(而不是原始转账量),因此使用刷量交易或女巫攻击进行伪造会更加困难。要伪造链 GDP,你需要向生态系统中的各种 dApp 支付大量费用。

方法

为了提取数据,我使用了DefiLlama 的费用和收入 API。

如果你不确定费用和收入之间的区别:

  • 费用 = 用户支付的金额

  • 收入 = 协议或代币持有者应得的费用

例如,支付给流动性提供者的费用不是收入,但用于治理代币质押奖励的费用则是收入。

至于实际提取这些数据,可以迭代遍历协议,按链提取其总费用,也可以迭代遍历链,计算该链上协议的总费用。我选择迭代链并使用 /overview/fees/{chain} 端点,因为当按链提取费用时,TotalDataChart 属性会显示该链上所有协议的费用总和——这正是我们想要的。

此时必须做出两个主要决定:

  1. 费用还是收入?

  2. 将L2与L1分组还是保持它们独立?

费用与收入是一个简单的决定。收入在很大程度上取决于代币经济学。以 Uniswap 这样的协议为例。尽管 Uniswap 是加密货币领域最大的经济活动中心之一,但如果我们计算收入而不是费用,只有 Uniswap Labs 的收入才会对以太坊的 GDP 做出贡献。此外,我过去进行的分析一直发现,费用比收入更能预测市值。

决定是否将L2与其父L1分组更加困难。老实说,这主要与以太坊有关。我选择将它们分开有几个原因:

  1. 数据粒度更高。将 Arbitrum、Base 等与以太坊结合起来提供的信息比将它们分开提供的信息要少。任何想将它们算在一起的人都可以轻松做到这一点;然而,默认将它们分组会掩盖链上经济中正在发生的有意义的转变。

  2. 行业标准。不管喜欢与否,大多数数据提供商(如 DefiLlama 和 Artemis)默认将 L2 作为自己的链进行比较。

  3. 链上经济。链上的经济活动在一定程度上是该链流动性流入的下游。至少目前,流入和流出 L2 的流动性与链间流动类似。

应广大用户的要求,我计划在 GitHub 上发布我使用的完整脚本,以便其他人可以自己测试,但我之前从未在那里发布过(我的背景是金融/经济学,而不是软件)。

链GDP数据

现在我们来看一下数据。

以太坊在链 GDP 方面明显领先(这并不奇怪)。最近几天,以太坊的 GDP 大多数日子都在 1000-1500 万美元左右,而按此指标排名第二的 Solana 的 GDP 约为 600-700 万美元。

话虽如此,Solana 显然是今年的赢家。虽然大多数主要区块链在 3 月份达到顶峰,并且自那时起就遭受了经济活动下滑的影响(经济衰退?),但 Solana 一直保持稳定甚至有所增长,与其最接近的竞争对手拉开了距离,并接近以太坊本身的 GDP。

另一个值得注意的趋势是 Base,尽管最近几周呈下降趋势,但其 GDP 在这些公链中从第 8 位短暂上升到第 3 位,现在排名第 6。

对于那些希望深入了解其他连锁店和时间段的人,以下是 2024 年 7 月 12 日导出的数据摘录

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JSIMYO4gTMIRbc2PIIHUtEkGcQKj3zJy6QL0SUAaBF8/edit?gid=0#gid=0。

这个电子表格包含了自 2024 年初以来 50 多个链的数据。

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