巨头退烧,玩家逃亡,元宇宙步入暗夜

巴比特Published on 2022-12-29Last updated on 2022-12-29

Abstract

元宇宙的故事,似乎讲不通了。

元宇宙的故事,似乎讲不通了。

当下,刮起元宇宙热潮的Roblox股价已跌去大半,带头大哥Meta也正因元宇宙亏损深陷泥潭。

再看国内,从字节“派对岛”到腾讯“幻核”,尾随的巨头们纷纷将曾经的试水业务视为了弃子——从《雪崩》到“血崩”,2022年,元宇宙在互联网语境里已然袪魅。

元宇宙热度不复往日,梦中人们亦迎来了梦醒时分。今年下半年以来,一众试图靠元宇宙发迹的初创企业正陆续逃亡、倒下,只有一些残留的“信徒”,还在苦苦支撑。

巨头“退烧”

与众多从所谓的“元年”迸发的风口不同,元宇宙概念爆发至今,尽管吸引了各个领域的玩家们接连入局,但实质成果却寥寥无几。

这很大程度上归因于元宇宙概念背后极大的不确定性,毕竟其仅是脱胎于科幻小说,凝结着大众想象的产物,同过去有实体支撑或立足于商业逻辑的风口全然不同。

基于此,当下玩家们对元宇宙的态度亦不同往日般暧昧,尤其是颇爱追风的互联网巨头们,字节元宇宙社交App“派对岛”关停,腾讯数藏平台幻核被裁撤,TME数字藏品业务亦被叫停——巨头们触及元宇宙的频率,正肉眼可见地下滑。

背后的逻辑在于,当下元宇宙相关产品并没有大规模爆发的土壤,而巨头们所谓的元宇宙产品,不过是“不可错失风口”的逻辑下,颇具实验性质的尝试。

以NFT/数字藏品为例,于大厂而言,其时刻透着金融炒作的危险气息,稍不注意便会触及监管红线,屡遭“敲打”的巨头们自然望而生畏、谨小慎微。而对品牌来说,NFT/数字藏品无非品牌营销及会员管理层面的入口,入局更多考虑的是营销层面的价值,而非凌驾于主营业务之上。

相比之下,XR设备或许是当下元宇宙领域为数不多的确定性机会,Facebook更名Meta的逻辑支撑亦在于此。毕竟选择硬件作为落地场景,不仅能嫁接元宇宙,亦能避免被元宇宙“绑架”——就算元宇宙最终被证伪,亦能靠XR硬件通往后智能手机时代。

只可惜事与愿违,财报显示,Meta专注于包括虚拟现实、增强现实和社交平台三类元宇宙项目开发的Reality Labs部门,目前已累计亏损近200亿美元——至少在现阶段,All in换来了惨淡的败局。

而身为Meta门 徒的字节,斥资近百亿砸出了Pico,依然未能撬开国内蓝海市场。Wellsenn XR数据显示,2022年三季度,全球VR头显出货量为138万台,较去年同比下滑42%。

元宇宙上“头”情况并不乐观。

不看看出,万众瞩目的XR赛道,已不复往日的高增长。背后的逻辑在于,现阶段XR领域始终缺乏一款杀手级应用,纵使各玩家都在试图通过花里胡哨的内容填补内容生态,但均构不成刚需,只能服务于用户“尝鲜”的诉求。

另一方面,对以游戏为主的XR场景而言,若想摆脱“玩具”印象,留住用户,势必将付诸巨额的开发成本,这在C端市场未起量时无疑是危险的尝试——不仅费力不讨好,还可能为他人做嫁衣。

而或许是窥见了市场的降温,亦或许是在等待成熟的入场机会,企图进军XR产业的腾讯,对硬件的态度似乎也转为了观望,收购黑鲨科技一事亦不了了之——颇爱追逐风口的巨头们,似乎正不约而同地“退烧”。

元宇宙创业大逃亡

巨头退烧的同时,一众押注元宇宙的初创公司也在逃亡。

鼎盛时期,元宇宙领域投融资氛围相当热络,就连和元宇宙八竿子打不着的茅台都在讲述着“醉美元宇宙”的故事,更不必说那些业务本就能蹭上元宇宙的玩家们。

某个以数据可视化业务为主的初创公司负责人,曾笃定地告诉光子星球,元宇宙已经从虚无缥缈的概念走向了真正落地。几乎同一时间,某个元宇宙线上课程里,主讲人在元宇宙架构一栏插入了无代码、低代码、数字孪生、隐私计算、云原生等技术,仿佛一语道尽了近年科技媒体的主流话语。

以国星宇航为例,作为一家“AI卫星互联网科技公司”,其在元宇宙爆发之际果断选择入局,将自身卫星业务同太空、宇宙的标签嫁接在一起,推出了“你好,科幻之都”、“星际熊猫”等一系列NTF/数字藏品,甚至推出了“星际船票”玩法,贩卖起数藏“空投”、优先购的资格。

彼时,国内数藏市场还未冷却,以至于其同海信Vidda共同推出的联名数藏,上线后仅12分钟即被抢购一空。而其他多款数藏亦有着不错的表现,几波数藏发行下来,国星宇航收益高达数千万,可谓赚得盆满钵满。

而尝到甜头的国星宇航,似乎认准了元宇宙“天命”,将这盘棋越下越大。据业内人士透露,数藏大卖后,国星宇航随即将原本的C端事业群转为元宇宙事业群,并陆续招了20余个开发人员,将触角从数字藏品逐渐延伸到了元宇宙场景。

但无论玩家们布局元宇宙的步调多么疯狂,只要缺乏刚需支撑,便将招致用户的漠视。百度希壤也好,国星宇航“卫星灵境引擎”也罢,缺乏“明星场景”,仅有轮廓, 甚至连轮廓本身也并不清晰,自然缺乏出圈的动力——加班加点肝出了虚拟社区,日活却仅有个位数,所谓的元宇宙宏图最终扑了个空。

而这,已然成为了元宇宙产业的常态,不同点在于,国星宇航有卫星作为本职业务,亦有资本输血,尚能活命。但当下,资本市场不再笃信元宇宙,唯一有赚钱希望的数藏也走向黄昏,许多创业伊始便奔着元宇宙去的公司,既拿不到投资,又缺乏造血能力,只能被迫逃亡。

这并非赛道选择的问题,据业内人士透露,许多公司自己也知道没啥前景,就是揣着明白装糊涂,看能不能骗到投资。

一位前元宇宙创业公司员工则表示,自己若是追求稳定,本可以入职某中厂开发部门,当初选择元宇宙,主要是看中了高出行业一截的薪资待遇。“打一开始,我就觉得元宇宙这块没啥价值,工作中常常也会陷入自我怀疑。好在工资还可以,当时想着活在当下就好,只是没想到凉得那么快。”

换言之,元宇宙创业本身就是一场豪赌,不论是创始人,还是员工,均参与其中。只可惜,不到两年,元宇宙产业似乎就已经演完了盛衰的故事。

信徒与赌徒

从科技发展路径来看,元宇宙虽描绘了一种“可行的未来”,但距离《雪崩》《头号玩家》中的理想形态还极为遥远、漫长。因此,元宇宙狂热的内因并非科技属性,而是源于投机。

2021年9月,中青宝宣布将推出元宇宙游戏《酿酒大师》,此后其股价一路飙升,2021年全年涨幅竟高达252.7%;数藏鼎盛时期,数藏平台只需花几万元,聘请画师在既定模版上稍作修改,推出一系列数字藏品,便能缔造千万价值。

客观地说,从所谓的“元宇宙专家”卖课发迹,到中青宝靠元宇宙游戏《酿酒大师》拉高股价,再到价格飙升的数字藏品,元宇宙确实造富了一拨人。

随着造富的故事不断上演,元宇宙亦被一众“信徒”们奉为指数级机会,而“信徒”们对元宇宙的“共识”,则成为了其信仰的一部分。

正因如此,当币圈大佬孙宇晨宣布自己将每天购买一枚比特币之后,众多国内NFT玩家随即跟上,每天在微信群、朋友圈分享其当日所购入的NFT——前者试图救市,后者强化共识,二者在逻辑上一脉相承。

另一方面,所谓的元宇宙“信徒”,在本质上同赌徒无异。而众所周知,赌博最可怕之处不是输,而是“赢过”,同样的逻辑置之元宇宙亦然——国星宇航从发行数藏到开发虚拟世界,或多或少透着一股“上头”的意味。

值得一提的是,据媒体报道,国星宇航元宇宙事业群的一位员工,因在公司群询问“啥时候发工资”并质疑绩效结果,一小时后就被移出了公司群,被迫“毕业”。

尽管国星宇航回应称开除该员工是由于其言论过激,造成了不良影响,但考虑到其元宇宙业务的困局,所谓的“不良影响”,或许正是戳破了脆弱的共识——有损公司内部对元宇宙的信心。殊不知,其元宇宙C端场景败局无关信心,而是早就被技术、市场所决定。

其实,元宇宙并非毫无意义的空壳,从硬件演替的长期视角来看,XR硬件极有可能成为智能手机的接班人,而同元宇宙关系最紧密的游戏行业,亦在迈向“工业化”的新高度。

但无论是进军硬件,还是规模化开发所谓的3A甚至4A游戏,几乎所有的潜在落地场景都有着极高的门槛,留给市场的船票极少。因此,元宇宙大概率将是一场巨头垄断的游戏,一众初创公司几乎不存在靠风口逆袭的机会。

科技语境,总习惯用“潮水退去的时候,才知道谁在裸泳”,来表达新兴技术的造势与殊途,而就眼下的趋势来看,苹果、腾讯、微软等少数巨头尚有靠岸的机会,但那些企图靠元宇宙发迹的玩家们,或许等不到潮水退去的时候了。

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