“DA 竞赛”新阶段,Avail 为什么引人注目?

链捕手Publicado a 2024-07-31Actualizado a 2024-07-31

作者:shushu,BlockBeats

 

尽管当下加密社区对技术叙事的热情有所减退,但不可否认,自坎昆升级之后,以太坊生态的交易成本大幅下降,展示了技术进步带来的实际效益。而当前区块链领域的另一大技术叙事就是模块化,上半年,Celestia 和 EigenDA 两大模块化区块链的表演精彩纷呈,上周,模块化另一头部玩家 Avail 也开启了新的篇章。

7 月 23 日,Avail 宣布推出 Avail DA 主网并上线 AVAIL 代币,AVAIL 将作为 Avail 网络的原生资产,用于支付 DA 费用,并通过质押确保网络安全。此外,AVAIL 持有者将能够开始质押 AVAIL。

Avail、EigenDA 和 Celestia 作为 DA 生态中的主角——每一位都服务于相同的空间,但在基础设施堆栈、执行和上市方面采取的方法略有不同。本篇文章将介绍 Avail 的项目细节以及产品机制,以帮助理解在当前模块化技术发展进入稳步推进期,头部项目是如何设计以及最终实施的。

Avail 要解决的问题

Avail 最早由 Polygon 联创 Anurag Arjun 在 2020 年启动,并于 2023 年 3 月作为实体独立出来,其目标是通过数据采样,建设一个中立的平台,这意味着它不依赖于任何特定的 Rollup 方案,也不局限于某个特定的 Rollup 方案,Avail 将为所有主要的 Rollup 提供服务。

Avail 在 2023 年通过融资筹集了 2700 万美元,今年 6 月,Avail 的总融资额达到了 7500 万美元,进一步推动了其在 Web3 领域的布局。

数据可用性是模块化区块链架构的重要组成部分。过去,每个节点需要下载所有交易数据以验证其可用性,这种方式效率低下且成本高昂,严重制约了区块链的扩展性。数据可用性采样(DAS)通过多轮随机采样,使轻节点无需下载整个区块即可确认数据的可用性,从而将数据验证成本降低了 99%。但 DA 层是一个竞争激烈的领域,必须通过提供不同的保证来实现差异化,以及建立自己的生态系统作为护城河。

一个生态系统的好坏取决于生态系统中所有不同链之间的互操作性。而 Avail 设想的最终结果是「一个统一的 Rollup 生态系统」。要实现这个目标,需要一个可信的、中立的第三方来协调不同 Rollup 之间的通信,并让这些 Rollup 执行不同的任务。

因此,Avail 率先采用了 Avail Trinity「三位一体」方法,Avail DA 增强 Rollup 的可扩展性并降低运营成本;Nexus 互操作性解决碎片化问题并促进 Rollup 的统一;Avail Fusion 提供共享安全性方案。

DA 层是专为数据可用性构建,是区块链的最底层,具有构建跨生态系统互操作性所需的最轻功能。Nexus 作为运行在 Avail 之上的一个轻量级但强大的 ZK rollup,支持跨 Rollup 和跨生态系统结算。Fusion Security 可以汇集众多代币的加密经济安全性,以服务和保障 Avail 网络。

之所以采用这样的架构是因为如今区块链存在的问题在于,跨多链网络交易的用户体验尚未准备好迎接大规模采用。Rollup 虽然通过链下处理交易来提升可扩展性,但增加了复杂性,导致交易成本上升和流动性碎片化,从而影响了用户体验并不利于区块链技术的大规模采用。

Avail DA 的核心功能

从架构落实到核心的数据处理层面,受到 ZK 技术密码安全性的启发,Avail 使用有效性证明(KZG 承诺),这样开发者和用户不需要相信 Avail 数据可用,他们可以自己验证数据。

一旦生成有效性证明,证明和验证的计算效率就会变得很高,以高度可扩展的方式直接向不同节点提供数据可用性保证。Avail 在大约 60 秒内完成区块,这是当今数据可用性提供商提供的最快验证时间之一。

此外,Avail DA 拥有一个由多个轻客户端组成的 P2P 网络,可以从中进行采样。这些轻客户端不仅可以验证数据可用性保证,还能确保数据本身的可用性。它们会在 P2P 网络中保留可用的数据样本,随着轻客户端数量的增加,数据可用性就越高。

这样,Avail 就成为一个可以从其轻客户端 P2P 网络进行数据采样的 DA 层,而不需要依赖完整节点。只要有足够多的轻客户端,P2P 网络理论上就可以拥有一个区块内的所有数据单元,使得用户可以在不依赖 RPC 的情况下查询整个区块。

Avail DA 是唯一将 KZG 承诺与数据可用性采样 (DAS) 相结合的数据可用性层,这标志着区块链社区的一个重要里程碑,因为它使 Rollups 能够实现类似于以太坊今天完整的 Danksharding 路线图的功能和好处。

而鉴于本文主要介绍和讨论 DA 相关内容,关于 Avail Nexus 和 Avail Fusion 板块此处只简要提及。

Avail Nexus 是基于 Avail 的自定义 ZK 协调 Rollups,在多链世界里,链与链的交互过程中,用户体验早已受到负面影响,如果在可组合性方面没有根本性改变的情况下,进一步增加数量将会导致更大的问题,这就是 Avail 构建 Avail Nexus 的原因,它使用 Avail DA 作为信任根,充当统一 Rollups 的验证中心。

而 Fusion Security 部分则允许在 Avail DA 共识中包含除 Avail 原生代币之外的外部代币,提供强大的加密经济保障,强化 Avail 作为 Web3 统一层的功能。

如何通过质押 AVAIL 代币参与整个系统

伴随着 AvailDA 主网发布,Avail 团队还向所有符合条件的用户空投了 AVAIL 代币。总量 100 亿枚,其中空投和公共分配占 6%,生态系统发展 30%,社区与研究 23.88%,投资者 14.12%,核心贡献者 20%。

AVAIL 的用途广泛,简单的有生态治理以及流动性质押,前者官方目前还未给出详细方案,但后者可以通过 deq.fi 进行。deq.fi 是 Avail 上刚刚推出的一个新的原生流动性质押池,用户可以在这里质押他们的 AVAIL 代币,获取 stAVAIL,然后可以用 stAVAIL 来探索生态其他内容。

说到质押,Avail 采用继承自 Substrate 生态系统的提名权益证明 (NPoS) 共识机制。质押在 NPoS 共识机制中起着至关重要的作用。通过质押 AVAIL 代币,用户可以为网络的安全做出贡献,并因其参与而获得奖励。质押的代币越多,网络的安全性就越高,因为恶意行为者需要获取很大一部分质押的代币才能成功攻击网络。

因此,Avail 的 DA、Nexus 和 Fusion 安全层都将通过 Avail 代币质押来保护。

Avail DA 质押:用户可以将 AVAIL 代币质押给验证者或提名池,帮助保障网络运行,支持各类应用场景如 Web3 游戏、DeFi 平台等。质押者因此可以获得质押奖励。

Avail Nexus 质押:为了提升交易处理的效率和公正性,排序器需要质押 AVAIL 代币参与交易批次的提交和排序,表现优异者将获得奖励,表现不佳的将受到惩罚。

Avail Fusion 质押:质押不仅限于 AVAIL 代币,还包括其他主流加密资产 BTC,ETH 等,增强了整个网络的安全性,质押者据此获得相应的奖励。

值得注意的是,要从 Avail 网络中移除质押,提名人必须完成解除绑定流程,此过程需要 28 天,在此期间 AVAIL 代币无法使用或转让。

强大的生态系统

Avail 的最终目标是从所有链中获取有序交易数据,并将其聚合到 Avail,使它们成为所有 web3 的协同中心。这种「中立」的立场允许更大的互操作性和资金流动,并且也可以吸引非以太坊为中心的生态系统。

从以太坊来看,Avail 已经集成了五个主要的 Rollup 堆栈,包括 OP Stack、Arbitrum Orbit、Polygon CDK、Starknet Stack 和 zkSync 的 ZK Stack。除了 Rollup,Avail DA 还集成了多个 Rollup 即服务解决方案,包括 AltLayer、Conduit、Karnot、Ankr、Gateway、Gelato、PineX 和 Snapchain。

Avail 同时还在比特币生态持续发力,目前,Avail 已经集成了 BVM、dWallet、Rooch、LayerEdge 等比特币 L2 以及比特币扩展层 Side Protocal,L2 将交易数据发布到 Avail DA,不仅成本低廉,还能在大约 40 秒内实现交易的最终确定性。此外,Avail 还将使得比特币 L2 与 Avail Nexus 之间的互操作性成为可能。

Avail 也在和应用链集成方面做出了进展,目前,已经集成了包括支付链 Fuse、预言机服务 OpenLayer、IaaS 协议 Neova、主打链抽象和意图的 L1 Arcana 以及全链上游戏 Blade Games 等。

Avail 正在开发的每个领域都有竞争对手,比如 DA 层的 Celestia、EigenDA、Polygon 的 Agg Layer 等,或者是互操作层内的共享定序器,以及用于共享安全的 EigenLayer、Babylon 等项目。

但 Avail 通过将数据可用性层、互操作性层和共享安全性整合在一起,旨在提供一种全面且高效的区块链解决方案。它保持了现有的加密经济信任模型,并尽量减少对新密码学方法的依赖,从而增强了系统的稳定性和安全性。这可能证明是 DA 层的最终逻辑归宿,因为 DA 层和互操作解决方案之间存在自然的协同作用。

迄今为止,模块化技术进展已经展现出了非凡的潜力,因为许多理念在几年前还只是设想。通过根本性地提升构建和使用区块链的方式,DA 层无疑将成为这一周期及未来技术发展的核心。Avail 的前瞻性布局不仅体现了其对技术趋势的精准把握,更预示着其在未来区块链生态系统中的重要地位。

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Cómo comprar AVAIL

¡Bienvenido a HTX.com! Hemos hecho que comprar Avail (AVAIL) sea simple y conveniente. Sigue nuestra guía paso a paso para iniciar tu viaje de criptos.Paso 1: crea tu cuenta HTXUtiliza tu correo electrónico o número de teléfono para registrarte y obtener una cuenta gratuita en HTX. Experimenta un proceso de registro sin complicaciones y desbloquea todas las funciones.Obtener mi cuentaPaso 2: ve a Comprar cripto y elige tu método de pagoTarjeta de crédito/débito: usa tu Visa o Mastercard para comprar Avail (AVAIL) al instante.Saldo: utiliza fondos del saldo de tu cuenta HTX para tradear sin problemas.Terceros: hemos agregado métodos de pago populares como Google Pay y Apple Pay para mejorar la comodidad.P2P: tradear directamente con otros usuarios en HTX.Over-the-Counter (OTC): ofrecemos servicios personalizados y tipos de cambio competitivos para los traders.Paso 3: guarda tu Avail (AVAIL)Después de comprar tu Avail (AVAIL), guárdalo en tu cuenta HTX. Alternativamente, puedes enviarlo a otro lugar mediante transferencia blockchain o utilizarlo para tradear otras criptomonedas.Paso 4: tradear Avail (AVAIL)Tradear fácilmente con Avail (AVAIL) en HTX's mercado spot. Simplemente accede a tu cuenta, selecciona tu par de trading, ejecuta tus trades y monitorea en tiempo real. Ofrecemos una experiencia fácil de usar tanto para principiantes como para traders experimentados.

105 Vistas totalesPublicado en 2024.12.10Actualizado en 2026.06.02

Cómo comprar AVAIL

Discusiones

Bienvenido a la comunidad de HTX. Aquí puedes mantenerte informado sobre los últimos desarrollos de la plataforma y acceder a análisis profesionales del mercado. A continuación se presentan las opiniones de los usuarios sobre el precio de AVAIL (AVAIL).

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