重读 Penpie 协议机制,被盗影响不该被过分夸大

foresightnewsPubblicato 2024-09-09Pubblicato ultima volta 2024-09-10

Introduzione

从机制分析,协议基本面仍健康。

从机制分析,协议基本面仍健康。


撰文:Alex Liu,Foresight News


安全事件



9 月 4 日,建立在 Pendle 上的 DeFi 协议 Penpie 遭到黑客攻击,被盗取约 2700 万美元的加密资产,包括各种类型的质押以太坊、Ethena 的 sUSDE 和封装 USDC 稳定币。这是据 Certik 统计 2024 年最大的重入攻击,也是自 2021 年 1 月以来第三大重入攻击,仅次于 Grim Finance(约 4000 万美元,2021 年 12 月)和 Vyper 漏洞事件(约 5200 万美元,2023 年 7 月)。


尽管 Penpie 项目方向黑客喊话「愿就赏金进行谈判,若资金被返还将不会采取任何法律行动。」截止 9 月 8 日,Penpie 黑客已将最后 1661 枚 ETH(约 377 万美元)存入 Tornado Cash。这意味着 Penpie 黑客从 Penpie 盗取的 2700 万美元资产(被盗资产兑换为 11,261 枚 ETH)已全部通过 Tornado Cash 转移,主动归还资产的可能性几乎为零。


很多人从未听说过 Penpie,直到它被盗 ...... 实际上,TVL(总锁仓价值)早早破亿的 Penpie 是 Magpie 生态 subDAO 模式的首个成功案例,为之后被大家熟知的 Eigenpie 等 subDAO 的推出奠定了基础。


Magpie 生态版图,总 TVL 超 10 亿美元


Penpie 协议能做什么?安全事件之后,它还有竞争力吗?让我们一探究竟。


协议机制


Penpie 是建立在 Pendle 上的协议。在此我们不去深入讨论 Pendle 的各种机制,而是简单概括,以理清 Pendle 和 Penpie 的关系。


Pendle 有三种主要的参与方式:

  1. 持有 PT(本金代币),获取固定收益。
  2. 持有 YT(收益代币),博弈不确定性收益。
  3. 做流动性提供者(LP),提供 SY-PT 代币对的流动性。(SY:原始资产的包装代币,SY = PT + YT)


YT、PT 能吸引不同风险偏好的玩家,进而帮助接入 Pendle 的协议提高 TVL 。而想维持 TVL 的高增长,需要有足够的 SY-PT 流动性来保证以低滑点生成新的 PT 和 YT。为了吸引 LP,Pendle 提供了 PENDLE 代币激励。


而如果持有足够的 vePENDLE(将 1 PENDLE 锁仓 4 年得到 1 vePENDLE,锁仓 2 年 0.5 vePENDLE,类推)LP 的 PENDLE 代币激励最高能被放大 2.5 倍。


如果不持有 PENDLE 也想提高 LP 收益怎么办?将 LP 代币存入 Penpie、StakeDAO 等 Liquid Lockers、Yield Boosters 中,它们锁仓了 PENDLE 而持有大量 vePENDLE,能够帮你提高 LP 收益,从你这里赚取收益的提成,从外部赚取第三方的 Bribes。


简言之,Penpie 帮 Pendle 上的流动性提供者(LP)在不锁仓 PENDLE 代币的情况下提高收益。


Penpie 处境


从上面的分析可以看出,影响 Penpie 基本面的唯一因素是其拥有的 vePENDLE 数量。vePENDLE 数量多,就能够帮助更多(金额更大)的 LP 提高收益,进而促进自身 TVL 上涨并获得收入。


那么安全事件之后,Penpie 还有竞争力吗?答案无疑是 —— 有的。


Penpie 并没有在黑客攻击中损失其持有的 vePENDLE,仍是 PENDLE 代币的最大持有者,其持有的 vePENDLE 代币(1200+ 万,占比 37.59%)数量依旧高于其竞争者 Equilibria 与 StakeDAO 的总和。





Penpie 持有的 vePENDLE 占比,数据源:defiwars.xyz


仅从协议功能上分析,Penpie 甚至能为协议剩下的资产(超过 1 亿美元的 Pendle LP 代币)提供更好的收益率。


但当然,信心需要重建,资产损失的用户也需要协议给出方案。


未来何从


对 Penpie 而言,其核心竞争力 —— 下金蛋的母鸡 vePENDLE 没有损失已是不幸中的万幸,但目前还需要稳住阵脚,对资产损失的用户给出合理的解决方案。潜在的方案包括发行补偿债券(Compensation bonds)或是恢复通证(Recovery tokens)等,一定程度上需要 PNP 代币持有者让利,将协议收益优先补偿资产损失者。


PNP 也许在短期内难以收获好的价格走势,但等到 Penpie 功能恢复,更新更安全的代码后,其本身仍是一个基本面健康,实用的 DeFi 协议。

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