美联储决议全文：降息25个基点，19位官员中有9位预计今年还将降息两次

比推Publicado a 2025-09-17Actualizado a 2025-09-17

北京时间9月18日周四，美联储宣布降息25个基点，联邦基金利率目标区间降低至4%-4.25%，重启自去年12月以来暂停的降息步伐。新加入的美联储理事米兰投下反对票，他支持降息50个基点。

点阵图显示，19位官员中有9位预计2025年还会降息两次，两位预计降息一次，六位预计不再进一步降息。

利率决议全文

最新指标显示，今年上半年经济活动的增长有所放缓。就业增速减慢，失业率略有上升，但仍处于低位。通胀有所回升并依然偏高。

委员会的目标是实现最大就业和长期2%的通胀。关于经济前景的不确定性依然高企，委员会关注其双重使命面临的风险，并认为就业方面的下行风险有所上升。

为支持既定目标，并鉴于风险平衡的变化，委员会决定将联邦基金利率目标区间下调25个基点至4%-4.25%。在考虑是否进一步调整联邦基金利率目标区间时，委员会将仔细评估最新数据、前景变化以及风险平衡。委员会将继续缩减其持有的美国国债、机构债务和机构抵押贷款支持证券。委员会坚定致力于支持最大就业并将通胀恢复至2%的目标。

在评估适当的货币政策立场时，委员会将继续监测最新信息对经济前景的影响。如果出现可能阻碍委员会目标实现的风险，委员会准备适时调整货币政策立场。委员会的评估将综合考虑广泛的信息，包括劳动力市场状况、通胀压力与通胀预期，以及金融和国际动态。

投票支持本次货币政策行动的有主席杰罗姆·H·鲍威尔（Jerome H. Powell）、副主席约翰·C·威廉姆斯（John C. Williams）、迈克尔·S·巴尔（Michael S. Barr）、米歇尔·W·鲍曼（Michelle W. Bowman）、苏珊·M·柯林斯（Susan M. Collins）、丽莎·D·库克（Lisa D. Cook）、奥斯坦·D·古尔斯比（Austan D. Goolsbee）、菲利普·N·杰斐逊（Philip N. Jefferson）、阿尔贝托·G·穆萨勒姆（Alberto G. Musalem）、杰弗里·R·施密德（Jeffrey R. Schmid）和克里斯托弗·J·沃勒（Christopher J. Waller）。投票反对的为斯蒂芬·I·米兰（Stephen I. Miran），他倾向于在本次会议上将联邦基金利率目标区间下调50个基点。

说明: 比推所有文章只代表作者观点，不构成投资建议

利率决议美联储降息鲍威尔

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