4 万亿市值之下:拆解加密货币市场的资金脉络

深潮Publicado a 2025-07-29Actualizado a 2025-07-30

钱从哪来?涨势能否持续?

撰文:Tanay Ved

编译:Saoirse,Foresight News

关键要点:

  • 比特币已实现市值突破 1 万亿美元,这一数据反映出随着加密货币总市值逼近 4 万亿美元,长期持有者投入更多的资金,信念也更为坚定。

  • 现货 ETF 的持续资金流入,加之企业资金储备的不断增持,使得对 BTC 和 ETH 的需求超过了新发行量。

  • 市场主导格局正逐步拓宽,ETH 相对走强,而 SOL、XRP 等山寨币凭借现货交易量的增长,参与度也在不断提升。

  • 《GENIUS 法案》确立了美国首个法币支持稳定币的联邦监管框架,为规模超 2500 亿美元的稳定币市场带来了监管清晰度,也为提升行业参与度和竞争力奠定了基础。

简介

数字资产市场首次逼近 4 万亿美元大关,这是该行业发展的重要里程碑。此轮最新上涨行情源于结构性与周期性因素的共同作用,包括比特币和以太坊现货 ETF 的资金流入持续增加、数字资产资金管理公司加速增持,以及《GENIUS 法案》通过等重大监管突破。加密货币背后的推动力似乎正不断增强。

在本文中,我们将剖析推动这一扩张阶段的关键市场力量与链上资金流动情况。

比特币已实现市值达 1 万亿美元,市场活跃度拓宽

比特币创下 12.3 万美元的历史新高,市值升至 2.38 万亿美元,其「已实现市值」突破 1 万亿美元。这一数据反映出在价格处于高位时,资金投入更为深入,同时也凸显出在 ETF 需求持续旺盛和机构关注度提升的背景下,比特币作为全球资产的地位愈发受到认可。

(注:已实现市值是以每枚代币最后一次在链上移动时的价格为基准,计算出的整体价值总和。这一指标能更真实地反映市场参与者的实际资金投入和资产沉淀情况,相比普通市值(按当前价格计算)更能体现长期持有者的信心和市场的真实估值水平。)

来源:Coin Metrics Network Data Pro

近期市场动态表明,我们可能正处于市场主导格局拓宽的初期阶段。以太坊已开始展现相对强势,自 5 月以来,ETH/BTC 汇率反弹 73%,ETH 价格突破 3900 美元。这一势头得益于创纪录的 ETF 资金流入、企业资金储备采用率的提升,以及以太坊在稳定币领域的持续主导地位使其成为《GENIUS 法案》的受益方。

来源: Coin Metrics Market Data Pro

这种格局拓宽也体现在现货交易量上,ETH 以及 SOL、XRP 等大盘山寨币的交易活动重焕生机。尽管比特币交易量依然强劲,但近几周 ETH 和山寨币的交易量已有显著增长。随着山寨币总市值逼近 1.6 万亿美元,比特币的市场主导率降至 59%。尽管格局拓宽的初期迹象已显现,但这是否意味着市场发生持续性转变仍有待观察。

下表汇总了市值排名前 20 位代币的市场数据(不包括稳定币及其他链上衍生品):

来源: Coin Metrics Reference Rates& Market Data Pro

ETF 与企业资金储备推动需求加速增长

比特币和以太坊需求的一个重要来源是现货 ETF。在 3 月和 4 月的放缓之后,比特币 ETF 资金流在 5 月重拾动力,使得美国现货 ETF 的总持仓量超过 127 万枚 BTC(占总供应量的 6.4%)。贝莱德的 iShares 比特币信托(IBIT)仍是最大发行方,持仓量达 73.5 万枚 BTC(价值 870 亿美元)。

来源:Coin Metrics Network Data Pro,注:不包含富达 Wise Origin 比特币基金(FBTC)

以太坊目前也迎来了类似的需求激增。过去几周,以太坊现货 ETF 连续出现资金净流入,有时甚至超过比特币 ETF。尽管以太坊 ETF 推出已逾一年,但近几个月增长显著,目前 ETF 持有的 ETH 总量达 580 万枚,占总供应量的 4.8%。

越来越多专注于以太坊的企业资金储备也为需求增长提供了支撑,使得 ETH 的增持量超过了新发行量。与主要将 BTC 作为被动资产持有的比特币资金储备不同,ETH 资金储备通过质押和 DeFi 积极创造原生收益,这种模式目前已延伸至 Solana(SOL)、TRON(TRX)、Ethena(ENA)等其他大盘代币生态系统。

按地址余额划分的链上持有情况

来源:Coin Metrics Network Data Pro(按地址余额划分的 BTC 供应量及 ETH 供应量)

从上述图表可见,过去一年,小型(<1 BTC)和大型(1k–10k BTC)比特币持有者的持仓量逐渐下降,这表明在价格处于高位时,市场进入了一个筹码分散期。与之相反,以太坊呈现出新的增持迹象,尤其是大型持有者(10k–100k ETH),其持仓占比近期攀升至 22% 以上。小型 ETH 持有者(<1 ETH)的持仓量也有所增加,延续了自 2021 年开始的稳步上升趋势。

《GENIUS 法案》与稳定币的新时代

7 月 18 日,《GENIUS 法案》正式签署成为法律,确立了美国首个法币支持稳定币的联邦框架。该框架为稳定币发行方营造了公平竞争环境,要求发行方具备由低风险、短期美国国债和现金组成的全额储备,进行定期审计并获得发行许可。与比特币现货 ETF 获批类似,《GENIUS 法案》有望为以美元挂钩稳定币为主导的稳定币领域带来清晰度与合法性。

从 30 天滚动供应量变化来看,近几周稳定币供应量增长加速,目前总供应量已超过 2550 亿美元。

来源:Coin Metrics Network Data Pro

这一框架有望增强市场对法币支持稳定币的信任,降低新进入者的门槛,并为支付领域的竞争升级创造条件。从 Tether、Circle 等现有发行方,到受监管银行、金融科技公司等潜在进入者,竞争不仅可能降低消费者和企业的成本,还将增强美元需求。

来源:Coin Metrics Network Data Pro

在现有发行方中,Circle 和 Paxos 似乎已做好准备满足《GENIUS 法案》的要求,其发行的 USDC 和 PayPal USD(PYUSD)已采用全额储备支持,并进行定期验证。Circle 正积极向美国货币监理署(OCC)申请联邦信托银行牌照,以全面符合《GENIUS 法案》要求,并为机构客户提供托管服务。其他主要发行方也在调整结构以适应新法规。联邦特许加密银行 Anchorage Digital 与 Ethena Labs 合作,通过其稳定币发行平台推出 USDtb,使 Ethena 的 USDtb 成为首批完全符合《GENIUS 法案》的稳定币之一,由 Anchorage 负责联邦监管和储备管理。这种模式为其他希望在美国市场开展业务的项目提供了「一站式」解决方案。

占据稳定币供应量约 68% 的 Tether(USDT)面临着更复杂的合规路径。USDT 历来在美国直接监管之外运营,其储备包含比特币、贵金属等不合规资产。对此,Tether 计划推出一款独立的、符合美国法规的稳定币,专注于机构支付和银行间结算。新产品将遵循《GENIUS 法案》标准,而现有的 1620 亿美元 USDT 将继续在离岸市场运营,主要服务于新兴市场。

稳定币发行方有三年时间来合规《GENIUS 法案》。三年后,只有符合该法案的稳定币才能获得交易所和托管机构的支持,这为发行方适应新框架预留了时间。

结论

市场近期向 4 万亿美元市值的冲刺,反映出投资者对这类资产的信心日益增强。ETF 和企业资金储备的需求持续超过新发行量,为比特币和以太坊带来了有利的供应动态。比特币的市值与已实现价值比率(MVRV)等估值指标显示,市场尚未进入过热阶段。尽管比特币仍凭借强劲的 ETF 资金流入和长期持有者保持着核心地位,但市场主导格局已显现出拓宽迹象。

此外,《GENIUS 法案》的通过标志着美国加密货币监管迎来关键转折点,为稳定币领域带来了清晰度,也为提升行业竞争力、深化与传统金融的融合铺平了道路。尽管短期可能存在波动,但强劲的结构性需求、不断改善的监管环境以及日益拓宽的参与度,都预示着市场未来有望保持强势。

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