Британские юристы настаивают на запрете криптовалютных пожертвований в политике

cryptonews.ruPublicado a 2025-07-17Actualizado a 2025-07-17

На фоне активного использования криптовалют для финансирования избирательных кампаний в США британские власти выражают серьёзную озабоченность по поводу подобной практики.

Члены правительства Соединённого Королевства призывают полностью запретить политические пожертвования в цифровых активах, ссылаясь на проблемы с отслеживаемостью и риски иностранного вмешательства.

Позиция британских властей

Во время парламентских дебатов министр кабинета Пэт Макфадден заявил, что существующие механизмы не позволяют должным образом контролировать криптовалютные пожертвования. Его выступление стало ответом на запрос лейбориста Лиама Бирна о необходимости запрета такой формы финансирования политических кампаний.

«Финансирование демократических процессов всегда было сложным вопросом, но крайне важно точно знать, кто делает пожертвования, прошли ли они должную проверку и на каких условиях предоставляются средства, — подчеркнул Макфадден. — Вы подняли исключительно важную проблему».

Оба политика сошлись во мнении, что для противодействия потенциальным угрозам со стороны криптовалют необходимо увеличить финансирование Национального агентства по борьбе с преступностью и Избирательной комиссии Великобритании.

Международный контекст

Пока США активно используют криптовалюты для сбора средств на избирательные кампании (только в 2024 году криптокомпании потратили $134 млн на поддержку про-криптовалютных кандидатов), другие страны занимают более осторожную позицию.

Британия не одинока в своих опасениях. В 2022 году Ирландия ввела полный запрет на криптовалютные пожертвования политическим организациям. В США несколько штатов, включая Орегон, Мичиган и Северную Каролину, также ограничили такую практику, хотя Калифорния в 2022 году отменила действовавший с 2018 года запрет.

Парадоксальная ситуация сложилась в Сальвадоре — первой стране, признавшей биткоин законным платёжным средством. Несмотря на отсутствие формальных запретов, местная правозащитная организация Acción Ciudadana предупреждает о высоких рисках использования криптовалют для финансирования политики, что может открыть дорогу иностранному вмешательству и средствам организованной преступности.

Внутриполитическая реакция

Дебаты разгорелись после заявления партии «Реформы Великобритании» Найджела Фараджа о намерении стать первой политической силой в стране, принимающей пожертвования в биткоинах. Британская антикоррупционная организация в своём отчёте прямо указала, что легализация криптовалютных пожертвований повышает риски проникновения в политику иностранных средств и денег преступного происхождения, создавая почву для будущих схем вмешательства в демократические процессы.

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