本周美联储纪要,为降息预期再添一把火?

marsbitPublicado a 2025-07-07Actualizado a 2025-07-08

当市场屏息等待美联储降息信号之际,一份关键文件——美联储纪要会议纪要正悄然改写预期。

据追风交易台消息,花旗7月7日研报显示,即将公布的美联储6月17-18日会议纪要将释放比预期更为鸽派的信号,降息“观望期”可能在夏末结束。

尽管鲍威尔在6月利率决议后的新闻发布会上保持中性立场,但随后多位美联储官员释放鸽派信号,市场对即将公布的会议纪要抱有更多降息预期。近日立场偏鹰派的美联储理事鲍曼(Michelle Bowman)已转向支持7月降息的可能性,理事沃勒(Christopher Waller)也表示可能支持7月降息。

与此同时,数据显示,截至2025年6月,美联储最爱的通胀指标——美国核心PCE物价指数同比涨幅已连续三个月低于2%的目标阈值,这一关键指标的持续回落成为美联储内部鸽派力量的重要论据。

花旗研报显示,尽管美国上周较为强劲的就业数据封堵了7月降息可能,但美联储官员对通胀降温的共识正推动9月启动降息进程。该行仍认为美联储将从9月开始降息,并在明年3月前累计降息125个基点,同时预计美联储的“观望期”可能在夏末结束。

鲍威尔似乎一直更倾向于9月降息,暗示利率路径将取决于6月、7月和8月发布的数据。我们预计会议纪要将包含“观望”期可能在夏末结束的观点——这并非重大意外,但仍略显鸽派。

华尔街见闻日历显示,北京时间本周四凌晨美联储货币政策会议纪要将公布。

花旗

5月谨慎的态度要改改了

花旗研报显示,美联储5月FOMC会议纪要曾指出:

在考虑货币政策前景时,与会者一致认为,鉴于经济增长和劳动力市场依然稳固,且当前货币政策适度限制性,委员会处于有利位置,可以等待通胀和经济活动前景的进一步明朗。与会者一致认为,经济前景的不确定性进一步增加,因此在美国政府一系列政策变化的净经济影响变得更加清晰之前采取谨慎态度是合适的。

现在花旗认为,经济前景不确定性降低,5月会议纪要的措辞将需要调整。该段落可能会被修改为:

前景的不确定性已经降低,委员会预计将在夏季期间收集更多关于政策效果的数据。这将强化委员会核心成员可能支持9月降息的观点。

而同样略显鸽派的一点是,至少“一些”美联储官员支持鲍威尔主席的观点,即如果不是担心即将到来的关税相关通胀,美联储本应更早开始将政策利率向中性水平放松。换句话来说就是,美联储本可以更早地降息。


鹰派声音仍存但非主流

尽管整体基调趋向鸽派,会议纪要也将反映部分官员的鹰派观点。美国克利夫兰联储主席Hammack等官员建议政策利率可能在当前水平维持较长时间。

日前,Hammack表示,目前的利率仅略具限制性,可能会在一段时间内维持稳定。美联储距离实现其通胀目标“还有一段距离”,而官方数据可能未能反映当前的最新变化,包括近期油价上涨。

不过,花旗分析师预计,会议纪要将明确显示这并非委员会的基本情形,“大多数”美联储官员预期在年底前降低政策利率。这一表述将进一步确认市场对下半年降息的预期。

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