从 Paragraph 取消自定义设计功能,看 Web3 的所有权平衡

链捕手Publicado a 2025-02-21Actualizado a 2025-02-21

原标题:《The flawed concept of ownership in Web3》

原文作者:0xAntidote.eth

编译:Zen,PANews

 

曾收购Web3知名内容平台Mirror的Paragraph 最近的一次更新带来了一些变化,其中一个未被广泛讨论的点是,它取消了自定义 CSS 设计博客的功能。Paragraph 团队表示,只有少数创作者在使用这个功能,而我恰好就是其中之一。我曾花费大量时间精心设计了品牌视觉,让我的博客拥有独特的风格。但这次更新彻底破坏了这些努力——自定义字体和背景颜色被移除,导致博客的整体设计变得混乱不堪。

虽然我有在 Paragraph 上持续发布内容并拓展读者群的计划,但目前博客的规模还不算大,Paragraph 不会因我离开而损失用户。每个产品团队的资源都是有限的,有时是资金问题,有时是开发者精力有限,有时是产品决策的优先级不同。因此,不可能满足所有人的需求。

不过,我也要补充一点,Paragraph 团队一直对我很友好。他们曾两次将我的文章选为“每周精选”,也认真听取了我的反馈,并在沟通时给出了专业的解释。

尽管我理解他们的决定,但我认为,这一决策背后的思维方式,是在模仿现有的 Web2 内容发布平台——通过标准化内容外观来增强中心化分发平台的控制力。我仍然祝愿 Paragraph 团队一切顺利,但对我来说,当前的 Paragraph 已经无法解决一个值得去解决的核心问题,所以我决定离开。

Paragraph的价值主张

从官方介绍来看,Paragraph 的核心价值主张主要围绕“内容所有权”。

简而言之,Paragraph 是一个基于加密技术的博客/新闻通讯平台。 文章存储在 Arweave 上,并可以作为数字藏品出售,让创作者通过内容直接变现。从理论上讲,这种模式能增强创作者对自己内容的所有权。

然而,仔细思考后,我认为在 Paragraph 上创作内容,并不代表你真正拥有它。

什么才是真正的“所有权”?

“所有权”一直是 Web3 叙事中的重要概念。以太坊的起源故事之一,就是 Vitalik 质疑数字资产的归属权:如果游戏开发商关闭服务器,你的游戏道具会怎样?

这一思考催生了以太坊以及之后的智能合约平台,推动了“所有权”这一概念的演进。如今,区块链技术让几乎所有类型的资产都可以被“拥有”。

但所有权的本质不仅仅是拥有某样东西,它还涉及更复杂的层面。

在多人交互的世界里,所有权必须具备四个关键要素:

  1. 占有(Possession):你是否被公认为该资产的所有者?
  2. 货币化(Monetization):你是否可以出售该资产或对非所有者收费?
  3. 外观(Appearance):该资产对外展示的方式,是否符合你的预期?
  4. 分发(Distribution):你的资产能否广泛传播,让更多人认可你的所有权?

如果这四个方面中的任何一个出现问题,真正的所有权就无法成立。

Paragraph 在所有权层面的缺陷

区块链通过去中心化账本和加密技术,改善了所有权的诸多方面。但如果某些关键环节失效,所有权仍然可能被侵蚀。例如:

  • 如果所有人都误认为你拥有的是别的东西,你还算真正的所有者吗?
  • 如果你的视频只能以棕褐色滤镜呈现(因为 YouTube 或你的网络提供商强制加上了滤镜),这还算你的内容吗?

这正是目前 Paragraph 所处的状况——它可以随意更改博客的视觉呈现,而创作者对此无能为力。

从Paragraph取消自定义设计看Web3的所有权平衡

从上图可以看到,Paragraph 在所有权的占有和变现方面有所提升,但在外观和分发方面贡献有限,甚至可能是负面的。

所有权的妥协与取舍

当然,完美的所有权是一个理想状态,可能永远无法完全实现。然而,我们可以衡量自己是否在朝着这个理想前进。我认为,在过去十年里我们总体上是在逐步接近这个理想的。区块链在其中发挥了作用,但其他技术进步也同样重要,例如去中心化能源生产(主要是可再生能源)或 Starlink它提供了全球范围内的高速互联网接入

然而,在当前状态下,一切都或多或少是一种妥协。问题在于,在所有权的四个方面——占有(Possession)、变现(Monetization)、外观(Appearance)和分发(Distribution)——你愿意在哪些方面做出妥协?

不同的资产和平台,其妥协的方式各不相同。

例如,对于某些资产,比如迷因币(Memecoins),团队通常愿意牺牲“外观”和“分发”自主权,利用 X(前 Twitter)和 Discord 来推广自己的项目,来换取更大的市场覆盖面。这些项目之所以愿意做出这样的妥协,是因为这些传统社交媒体平台的受众基数巨大,即使它们对内容有限制,其带来的覆盖范围仍然远胜于Farcaster 或 Lens等更注重所有权但规模较小的开放平台。memecoin 发展成为数十亿美元级别的产业,本身就证明了这种妥协在现实中是有效的。

然而,对于媒体内容来说,情况就不一样了。X 会限制外部媒体平台的链接分发,比如 Substack。写 memecoin 相关内容对 X 而言是 TAM(总可用市场)扩张 的内容,而链接到外部媒体平台的内容则是 TAM 收缩 的内容。这也是许多 Web3 媒体平台面临的问题——它们的价值增益只有在达到一定规模后才会显现,在此之前,对于许多数字资产创作者来说,相比于坚持所有权的理想状态,牺牲所有权的某些方面以换取更好的分发效果可能更具经济意义。

这一点在 Paragraph 这类 Web3 媒体平台 上尤为明显。它们没有完全优化 占有、变现、外观和分发,导致它们处于一个尴尬的中间地带:没有提供足够的额外所有权控制,让创作者愿意牺牲分发优势来使用它。

有哪些替代方案?

那么,我未来的内容会发布在哪里?我认为有几种可能的路径,可以更符合我的所有权理念。

  1. 转向其他写作平台,如 Medium、Mirror、Substack 或 Ghost这些平台各有优劣,但它们的妥协方案与 Paragraph 相比,并没有本质上的提升。换过去更像是 横向移动(lateral movement),而不是根本性的优化。
  2. 在 X 和/或 Farcaster 上分发,并在其他地方托管内容这意味着 将所有权的不同方面拆分到多个平台上。一个可能的最佳方案是:先在 X/Farcaster 发布内容,以确保获得更好的分发效果;然后在一个可以自定义 CSS 的博客上存档文章,确保内容的外观和展示质量。
  3. 继续使用 Paragraph,期待它改进产品定位这或许是个可行的方案,但如果未来需要重新调整内容的外观等方面,将会额外增加很多工作量。因此,我目前会让 Paragraph 博客继续保留,但不会作为主要发布渠道,除非产品有实质性的改进。

目前,我更倾向于第二种方案。

特别是 Farcaster 在所有权的不同方面之间提供了一个不错的平衡。此外,Frames 或许可以成为一个解决方案,允许发布长篇内容,并在外观和变现上拥有完整的控制权。

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